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Biomedical subjects

A M Araujo

Publications and source records attributed to A M Araujo.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Treatment of pain in the oncology patient].

Pain is a symptom with a high prevalence in patients with cancer and causes an important deterioration in their quality of life. With the measures laid out by the WHO in 1986, which divides the different therapeutic options available in three ascending steps, pain can be controlled in a high percentage of cases. Those patients who are difficult to control with these measures can benefit from the application of neuromodulation techniques by experts in the treatment of chronic pain. The correct employment of the different medicines (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines, opiates and coadjuvants), knowledge of the secondary effects, loss of fear in the face of opiates and knowledge of the different algic syndromes associated with the oncology patient, must be accompanied by a suitable evaluation of the pain according to the different scales, both in the phase of the treatment's initiation and in the follow-up of the patient.

Analgesics↗
PubMed2000

The use of filter paper plasticized with polyvinyl alcohol-glutaraldehyde in ELISA.

F1-antigen purified from Yersinia pestis was covalently linked to 5-mm diameter filter paper discs plasticized with polyvinyl alcohol-glutaraldehyde. These discs were used both for ELISA and dot-ELISA for the detection of anti-F1 IgG in rabbits. The best conditions were achieved using 1.25 microg of F1 antigen/disc, 3% w/v skim milk in PBS as blocking agent, anti-IgG peroxidase conjugate diluted 12,000 times, and serum from rabbits immunized or not against Y. pestis, diluted 6,400 times. The absorbance values obtained from the comparative study between this procedure and conventional ELISA were not significantly different but the low cost of the reagents employed in ELISA using the filter paper discs plasticized with polyvinyl alcohol-glutaraldehyde makes this method economically attractive.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The use of polyvinyl alcohol glutaraldehyde as solid-phase in ELISA for plague.

Discs of polyvinyl alcohol cross-linked with glutaraldehyde were synthesized under acid catalysis (H2SO4). Then, the antigen F1 purified from Yersinia pestis was covalently linked to this modified polymer. Afterwards, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was established for the diagnosis of plague in rabbit and human. The best conditions for the method were achieved by using 1.3 micrograms of F1 prepared in 0.067 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.2, containing 1 M NaCl (PBS); anti-IgG peroxidase conjugate diluted 6,000 times and as a blocking agent 3% w/v skim milk in PBS. The titration of positive rabbit serum according to this procedure detected antibody concentrations up to 1:12,800 times. The present method, the conventional ELISA and passive haemagglutination assay are compared.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cellulose acetate as solid phase in ELISA for plague.

Antigen from Yersinia pestis was adsorbed on cellulose acetate discs (0.5 cm of diameter) which were obtained from dialysis membrane by using a paper punch. ELISA for human plague diagnosis was carried out employing this matrix and was capable to detect amount of 1.3 microg of antigen, 3,200 times diluted positive serum using human anti-IgG conjugate diluted 1:4,000. No relevant antigen lixiviation from the cellulose acetate was observed even after washing the discs 15 times. The discs were impregnated by the coloured products from the ELISA development allowing its use in dot-ELISA. Furthermore, cellulose acetate showed a better performance than the conventional PVC plates.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Consequences of heroin consumption: compartmental syndrome and rhabdomyolysis].

Compartment syndrome is a condition in which increased pressure within a limited space compromises tissue perfusion with the development of rhabdomyolysis. The causes can be physical, such as the pressure exerted on an anatomical region, or it can be associated with the consumption of illegal drugs, especially heroin. In this latter case, toxic and immunological mechanisms are involved in the physiopathology. Acute renal failure develops in 30% of cases of rhabdomyolysis. Its treatment includes efficient volume replacement, forcing urinary alkalinization and the administering of furosemide and mannitol, with certain precautions. No benefit has been shown in dopamine. When a heroin addict patient shows a clinical pattern of tumescence of his extremities, with or without a period of unconsciousness, the presence of compartment syndrome is to be suspected.

Acute Kidney Injury↗