PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A M Daniels

Publications and source records attributed to A M Daniels.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Two-year comparison of income, education, and depression among parents participating in regular Head Start or supplementary Family Service Center Services.

Changes after 2 years in a Head Start Family Service Center Demonstration Project were assessed through pre-implementation and post-implementation interviews with 80 parents of Head Start children to evaluate changes during the project noted for the children's parents. Compared with parents in regular Head Start, parents in the supplementary Family Service Center project reported more contact with staff, increased their functional literacy scores, and increased their family incomes. The percentage of these parents with high depression scores decreased. These changes encourage implementation of more intensive social services within Head Start programs as a means of effectively assisting Head Start parents.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Longitudinal characteristics of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies--Depression Scale.

The internal structure of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies--Depression Scale was examined within the context of a three-year longitudinal study of 80 low-income parents of young children. The baseline, first-year, and second-year follow-up home interviews included the scale. Principal components factor analyses with varimax rotation yielded six factors for the baseline data, and five factors for the follow-up data with different items loading on different factors each year suggesting some instability of the factors. Cronbach alpha estimates of the internal consistency of the original factors showed satisfactory values for Depressed Affect, Positive Affect, and possibly Somatic, but not for Interpersonal. However, alpha for the total score was very strong. Positive Affect and the total score also showed stability over the three administrations. These results question the use of the original factor scores for the CES-Depression as subscales but support the use of the total score as a measure of depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Unusual antiproliferative effects of transforming growth factors-beta 1 and beta 2 against primary cells from human tumors.

Transforming growth factors beta 1 and beta 2 (TGF-beta 1 and beta 2), tested in a clonogenic assay against primary cells from human tumors, suppress proliferation to different extents. In nineteen of twenty-six cell cultures, proliferation was less than 50% of control with factor at 0.04 or 0.4 nM. Of these, TGF-beta 2 was more active than TGF-beta 1 in fourteen; and TGF-beta 1 was more active than TGF-beta 2 in five. In seven of the nineteen, proliferation was 0% with one or the other factor. In contrast, cisplatin was much less effective in inhibiting proliferation of some of the same cells even at 1,000 or more times the molar concentration of the factors. Surprisingly, when TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 2 were combined at equal concentrations, the antiproliferative effect of one was cancelled or markedly inhibited by the other.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1988

Collagen chemoembolization: pharmacokinetics and tissue tolerance of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) in porcine liver and rabbit kidney.

Pharmacokinetics of chemoembolization with a fibrous collagen carrier was studied in rabbit kidney and porcine liver models. Cisplatin (1 mg/ml) chemoembolization of liver and kidney was compared with i.v. and intraarterial cisplatin infusion. Tissue platinum concentration [Pt] was measured at 2.5 h by atomic absorption spectrometry. Renal platinum retention and Angiostat (collagen for embolization) concentration were linearly related (r = 0.87, p less than 0.001). At 10 mg/ml collagen for embolization, chemoembolized kidney [Pt] was 220 +/- 50 (SE; n = 4) times contralateral kidney [Pt], and 62 and 23 times renal [Pt] by i.v. and intraarterial infusion, respectively. At 10 mg/ml collagen for embolization, chemoembolized liver [Pt] was 2 times hepatic [Pt] by i.v. and intraarterial infusion. Since hepatic tumor vasculature is end arterial, chemoembolization should yield high [Pt] in tumor (as in kidney) but lower levels in normal liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Peripheral hepatic arterial embolization with crosslinked collagen fibers.

Hepatic artery embolization with a nonimmunogenic, crosslinked microfibrillar collagen preparation (Angiostat, Collagen for Embolization, Target Therapeutics, Los Angeles, CA) was studied in mongrel dogs. Flow-directed technique was used to achieve complete distal arterial occlusion. Serial liver function evaluation demonstrated marked alterations at 48 to 72 hours, partial correction at one week, and resolution of abnormalities by one month. Restoration of large vessel blood flow was angiographically demonstrable at one week. Follow-up arteriograms showed no persistent arterial occlusion. Collagen was demonstrated in vessels of 20 to 250 micron. Recanalization was achieved by migration of endothelial cells around the collagen, development of a new vascular channel within an endothelial cell cleft, and subsequent complete removal of the collagen over a three- to four-month period. Three months after embolization with a single dose, normal hepatic vascular and tissue anatomy and hepatic function were restored completely. Repeated embolization at two weekly intervals was well tolerated.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Correlation of meningioma hormone receptor status with hormone sensitivity in a tumor stem-cell assay.

Several investigators have detected progesterone receptors in a high percentage of meningioma specimens and have noted progesterone receptors to be more common than estrogen receptors in these specimens. However, a functional significance of such hormone receptor positivity in control of meningioma growth has not been described. This paper describes a paired test of the estrogen and progesterone receptor assay as the biochemical assay and of the human tumor stem-cell clonogenic assay (HTSCCA) as the functional assay in 17 meningioma specimens. Only one (6%) of the 17 specimens was estrogen receptor-positive, while 11 (69%) of 16 specimens were progesterone receptor-positive. The HTSCCA revealed that only two (15%) of 13 specimens were sensitive to estradiol while five (31%) of 16 specimens were sensitive to progesterone. Comparison of progesterone results for the 15 specimens on which both hormone receptor assay and HTSCCA were performed revealed correlation in a majority of cases; four specimens were positive for both assays and five specimens were negative for both assays. No specimen that was negative for progesterone receptors was sensitive to progesterone by HTSCCA. These results suggest that the hormone receptor and sensitivity pattern of meningiomas may differ from that of breast cancer, and that progesterone addition or ablation may be a reasonable therapeutic approach for meningiomas.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Chemosensitivity of human neoplasms with in vitro clone formation. Experience at the University of Southern California - Los Angeles County Medical Center.

We analyze experience with 600 specimens for in vitro chemosensitivity assessment of human neoplasms utilizing a soft agar colony-forming technique. Good test reproducibility is demonstrated. Disaggregation with collagenase enhances yield and does not alter chemosensitivity profiles. Therapeutic exposure to chemotherapy prior to biopsy reduces in vitro sensitivity to the specific agents used in vitro. The cyclophosphamide derivatives 4-hydroperoxycyclo phosphamide (4-HC) and phosphoramide mustard are active in vitro, and produce comparable rank order sensitivities among tested tumors. There is marked reduction of in vitro 4-HC sensitivity in patients with prior therapeutic cyclophosphamide exposure, supporting the use of this derivative in test systems. Rank order of test results among specimens is compared at 0.1 microgram and 10 microgram drug/ml. Substantial differences in rank order at these two dose levels are demonstrated, indicating that the in vitro test dose selected is an important variable.

Antineoplastic Agents↗