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Biomedical subjects

A M Denman

Publications and source records attributed to A M Denman.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Lymphocyte responses in juvenile chronic arthritis and Behçet's disease--cell number requirements and effects of glucocorticosteroid therapy.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with clinically active Behçet's disease or juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) gave high responses to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) in vitro prior to prednisolone therapy and low responses when taking prednisolone in comparison with cells from control individuals. Such effects were not significantly different at the six concentrations of cells or the four times in culture studied. Differences from controls were also seen with cells from clinically controlled, prednisolone treated Behçet's patients; the cells responded better than controls at low cell concentrations and early times in culture, the reverse occurring at higher concentrations and later times. This pattern of response suggests the presence of a higher than normal proportion of responsive cells in these patients. These studies suggest that not only is a still wider range of culture conditions required to assess fully the differences in lymphocyte function related to disease activity and prednisolone treatment in JCA or Behçet's, but also that the use of a narrow set of 'optimized' conditions may be misleading.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

What is clinical immunology?

The clinical and laboratory details of 10 patients with predominantly immunological problems were circulated to selected physicians in different forms of hospital practice. In general, these physicians would prefer to select their own immunological tasks and could get these performed in their clinical pathology laboratories or regional immunology centres. Immunologists are seen predominantly as laboratory-based advisers rather than clinicians responsible for the care of such patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Herpes simplex virus depresses antibody production by affecting T-cell function.

Many viruses enter lympho-reticular cells during pathogenesis and thereby induce immunosuppression, which is of practical importance in that it may be related to overall virulence. Immunosuppression may result from a selective infection, as viruses often show an affinity for different lymphocyte subpopulations: Epstein-Barr virus, for example, infects only a small percentage of B cells. We reported previously that herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 suppressed the induction of an antibody response to diphtheria toxoid in cultures of human tonsil cells, and that this seemed to result from the infection of a small percentage of T lymphocytes. However, as fully infectious virus was used in these experiments, it had probably spread from cell to cell in the course of the culture, so complicating the interpretation of the results. Accordingly, we have now reinvestigated the mechanism of immunosuppression using temperature-sensitivity (ts) mutants which fail to complete their growth cycle in the conditions selected for antibody synthesis. In this study, mutants tsB, tsD and tsF, derived from HSV type 1 strain 17, and ts 9, derived from HSV type 2 HG 52, were used. The results suggest that the immunosuppression is due to the selective infection by the viruses of helper T cells.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1980

Studies in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia II. Lymphocyte markers, cellular and humoral immunity and the effect of treatment.

Observations were made on 15 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, 3 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and 18 healthy controls. These include characterization of lymphocytes, assessment of humoral and cell-mediated immunity and the effect of treatment. Those responding to therapy showed a disappearance of 'null' lymphocytes from the blood with improvement in clinical and haematological parameters. Their immune capacity, however, remained unchanged or continued to deteriorate.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Systemic lupus erythematosus presenting as morbid jealousy.

A patient fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus and presenting with morbid jealousy is described. There was evidence of cerebral lupus. Her physical and mental symptoms responded to a combination of chlorpromazine and steroids. The morbid mental process was probably caused by her physical condition while the content of her disordered thought and behaviour was determined by her introverted premorbid personality, religiosity, unhappy childhood experiences and frustrated desire for children.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1980

Lymphocyte abnormalities in Behçet's syndrome.

In order to test indirectly the hypothesis that Behçet's syndrome is caused by a virus, lymphocytes from eighty-six patients were evaluated for two parameters consistent with persistent virus infection: chromosomal abnormalities and decreased ability to herpes simplex virus type I (HSV) to grow in lymphocyte cultures stimulated by PHA. Whereas HSV grew in lymphocytes cultured from all normal donors, replication was impaired in lymphocytes from 37% of the patients with Behçet's syndrome. This figure is increased to 57% if patients receiving steroids or cytotoxic drugs were excluded. Lymphocytes were scored as chromosomally abnormal from sixteen of the thirty-eight patients examined, compared with only one of seventeen normal controls. There was damage to specific chromosomes in four patients. The frequency with which chromosomal abnormalities were detected was significantly related to failure to replicate HSV and inversely related to concomitant steroid treatment. The findings are consistent with a viral aetiology for Behçet's syndrome but other explanations are not excluded.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Recurrent oral ulceration treated with Mysteclin: a controlled study.

Twenty patients with recurrent oral ulceration participated in a placebo-controlled, double-blind trail of Mysteclin syrup (tetracycline hydrochloride and amphotericin) used as a mouthwash. Though a small, consistent improvement occurred with placebo, there was a significant reduction in mean pair scores and numbers of new ulcers recorded daily during the active-treatment periods, the effect lasting for at least four weeks after treatment was stopped. In contrast to topical steroid preparations, Mysteclin syrup is efficacious when begun at any stage of the disorder and is not associated with adverse systemic effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Fate of herpes simplex virus in lymphocytes from inflammatory joint effusions. i. Failure of the virus to grow in cultured lymphocytes.

The ability of lymphocytes isolated from the blood and synovial effusions of patients with rheumatoid arthritis to support the growth of herpex simplex virus (HSV) was studied. Whereas blood lymphocytes supported virus growth, effusion lymphocytes were usually non-permissive. Lymphocytes obtained from the effusions of patients with other forms of inflammatory arthritis or suspected viral arthritis commonly failed to support the growth of HSV, but the virus grew in effusion lymphocytes from patients with noninflammatory joint disease. Several nonspecific factors which might have accounted for this non-permissiveness were excluded.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1979

Fate of herpes simplex virus in lymphocytes from inflammatory joint effusions. ii. Mechanisms of non-permissiveness.

Mononuclear cells which were isolated from rheumatoid synovial effusions and cultured without prior separation failed to support the growth of herpes simplex virus (HSV). However, subpopulations of T lymphocytes separated on the basis of cell size or receptors for sheep red cells were, in isolation, permissive for this virus. Virus growth in these permissive cells was blocked by cocultivation with the remaining mononuclear cell populations.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗