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A M Esaian

Publications and source records attributed to A M Esaian.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[The effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril on the rates of progression of chronic kidney failure in patients with different degrees of functional kidney disorders].

By a reciprocal of creatininemia the rate of chronic renal failure progression (CRF) was assessed in 14 patients with nephropathy on enalapril treatment. The day dose ranged from 2.5 to 15 mg. In patients with serum creatinin levels from 0.24 to 0.41 mmol/l (group 1) enalapril significantly inhibited CRF progression, as it did in group 2 (serum creatinin levels from 0.47 to 0.68 mmol/l) but 1 patient. In patients with creatinin levels over 0.71 mmol/l, the influence of enalapril on CRF progression rate was insignificant. All the patients exhibited stabilization of arterial hypertension. Proteinuria diminished in groups 1 and 2, while creatinin clearance decreased in groups 1 and 3. It is inferred that enalapril control of renal function in nephropathy patients is efficient only in early CRF.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[The role of disorders in the tubular transport of water and osmotically active substances in the progression of chronic kidney failure].

Lithium clearance served the criterion for measuring proximal and distal tubular transport of water, sodium and osmotically active substances (OAS) in 41 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) of various degree. Distal reabsorption of water and sodium occurs early in CRF. In moderate disease the authors observed a drastic rise in distal excreted fraction of OAS which surpassed that of sodium threefold. Proximal fractional excretion of water acquired defects in advanced CRF only. In the range of creatinine clearance 30-65 ml/min an inverse relationship appeared between the clearance and the ratio of urea of OAS concentrations to chlorine concentrations. Distal fractional OAS excretion correlated with relevant parameters directly. It is suggested that a decline in relative chlorine ions content in the tubular fluid at the site of the thick spot entails hypoactivity of the tubular-glomerular feedback mechanisms resultant in hypertension and hyperfiltration in the intact nephrons which start to perish because of overloading.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The reaction of the kidneys and acid-base and osmotic homeostasis to moderate physical exertion in patients with chronic pyelonephritis in the pre-azotemia period].

Bicycle ergometry (BE) up to submaximal heart rate provoked moderate metabolic acidosis in 52 patients with chronic pyelonephritis (CP) in preuremic stage. Similar changes in acid-base balance following BE were noted in 14 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN). BE in CP promoted the reduction in diuresis and fraction water excretion, elevation of creatinine concentration in the urine and its concentration index in the absence of alterations in sodium and osmotic homeostasis. In CGN BE induced similar changes but an insignificant decrease in diuresis and a significant rise in serum sodium concentrations, osmolality of the urine, osmotic concentration index, absolute reabsorption of osmotically free water, fall in excreted sodium fraction. It is suggested that the above differences in the response to exercise test in CP and CGN may relate to tubulointerstitial nature of CP.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗