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Biomedical subjects

A M Gader

Publications and source records attributed to A M Gader.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Specificity in the factor VIII response to vasopressin infusion in man.

Structural requirements of the systemic factor VIII response to intravenous vasopressin in man has been investigated using vasopressin analogues. With the analogues available the receptor specificity of this phenomenon could not be distinguished from those associated with the previously described plasminogen activator release or antidiuretic effects of this hormone. Further studies using 1-desamino-[8-D-arginine]vasopressin showed a dose-related release of both procoagulant and antigenic components of the factor VIII complex. The newly released factor VIII could not be distinguished from circulating factor VIII on the basis of molecular size, electrophoretic mobility or in vitro stability despite apparent differences in the duration of response of the procoagulant and antigenic components in vivo.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The effects of fasting in Ramadan. 1. Serum uric acid and lipid concentrations.

1. The changes in serum levels of uric acid and lipids during 1 month of starvation-refeeding were measured in sixteen male volunteers. 2. Uric acid levels increased linearly with the duration of the experiment. The increase was positively correlated with the increase in serum triglycerides but not with cholesterol or phospholipids. 3. Triglycerides increased at a faster rate than uric acid implying that the increase in uric acid was secondary to that of the lipid. 4. It was concluded that the purine and lipid synthetic pathways are linked through a common small-molecular-weight effector rather than through the sharing of a common enzyme.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The effect of adrenaline, noradrenaline, isoprenaline and salbutamol on the resting levels of white blood cells in man.

Adrenaline, noradrenaline, isoprenaline and salbutamol were infused at the rate of 7 mug/min for 30 min into 5 healthy subjects. Pulse rates showed a marked increase after isoprenaline, a moderate increase after adrenaline and salbutamol, and a consistent decrease after noradrenaline. The total leucocyte counts increased in response to adrenaline and noradrenaline but remained unchanged after isoprenaline and salbutamol. The absolute lymphocyte counts showed significant increases after all the four agonists. Neutrophils increased in response to adrenaline and noradrenaline but remained unchanged after isoprenaline and salbutamol. 'Stress' lymphocyte counts rose in response to adrenaline, isoprenaline and salbutamol but not to noradrenaline. From these and other reported observations it is suggested that both alpha- and beta-receptors are involved in the mobolization of lymphocytes, while neither has any specific role in the mobilization of neutrophils.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

One-year experience of very low doses of subcutaneous erythropoietin in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and its effect on haemostasis.

Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) is now well established in the management of the anaemia associated with chronic renal failure. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of low doses of subcutaneous (s.c.) erythropoietin in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients and particularly its effects on haemostasis. Seven CAPD patients were given s.c. erythropoietin for more than 1 year. Their mean age was 36.2 +/- 9.2 years and their mean pretreatment haemoglobin (Hb) was 7.05 +/- 0.53 g/dl. All patients were started on 20 U/kg, 3 times/week, to be doubled every 4 weeks if no response was obtained. Five patients had a good response and attained the target Hb of 10-12 g/dl and were maintained on low doses of rHuEpo (20 U/kg s.c., twice a week). A marked improvement in haemostatic function was noted when comparing the pre- with the post-treatment measurements. There was a significant reduction in the bleeding time, significant increases in fibrinogen and factor VIII clotting activity but not in von Willebrand factor antigen or ristocetin cofactor. There was also simultaneous enhancement of the platelet aggregation responses to adrenalin, collagen, arachidonic acid and ADP. In conclusion, long-term treatment with small doses of s.c. rHuEpo is safe, convenient and effective in correcting anaemia in patients on CAPD, rHuEpo caused significant improvement of bleeding time which can be explained partly through the correction of anaemia and in part by the improvement in haemostatic function.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Coagulopathy of childhood nephrotic syndrome--a reappraisal of the role of natural anticoagulants and fibrinolysis.

In an attempt to characterise further the coagulopathy of childhood nephrotic syndrome, this study concentrates on simultaneous measurements of the natural anticoagulants [antithrombin III (ATIII), proteins C and S] and the fibrinolytic factors, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI). The study groups consisted of 41 children (ages ranging from 2 to 14 years; median 7.1) in the relapse of nephrosis and 48 children (ages ranging from 3 to 14 years; median 7.6) in remission. The results obtained were compared with normal values obtained in healthy age- and sex-matched controls (n = 103). During relapse, there was a marked increase in the plasma level of fibrinogen, protein C, and protein S and reduced plasma ATIII level; tPA level was similar to control but PAI level exhibited a significant reduction. During remission, the protein C level either remained elevated or increased further, but some decreased. Protein S and plasma ATIII level normalised. The fibrinolytic activator tPA dropped slightly but the PAI level remained significantly below control levels. We conclude that in the relapse of childhood nephrosis, despite the existence of a significant prothrombotic tendency as featured by hyperfibrinogenaemia and markedly reduced ATIII level, the simultaneous elevation of the natural anticoagulant, protein C level and enhanced fibrinolysis that persist until the remission phase, seem to be major preventive mechanisms guarding nephrotic children against thromboembolic phenomena.

Adolescent↗