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A M Hannula
Publications and source records attributed to A M Hannula.
Effects of pH regulators used as additives on the bioavailability of ibuprofen from hard gelatin capsules.
In our previous study the reasons for fast absorption of ibuprofen from sodium bicarbonate based hard gelatin capsules stayed unclear. These were not investigated using pH regulators (aluminium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, tartaric acid) with different chemical and physical properties. Ibuprofen absorption was much slower with aluminium hydroxide capsules (MRT 5.3, Tmax 3.1 h, Cmax 25.6 mg l-1, lag time 37.5 min) than with sodium bicarbonate capsules of the previous study (MRT 2.6 h, tmax 0.4 h, Cmax 51.4 mg l-1), lag time 0 min). The corresponding values for calcium carbonate and tartaric acid capsules were: MRT 3.7 h and 3.9 h, Tmax 1.7 h and 2.0 h, Cmax 32.2 mg l-1 and 30.8 mg l-1 and lag time 3.1 min and 7.6 min. No differences were noted in the AUC values. A rank order correlation existed between dissolution parameters and the in vivo parameters reflecting the rate of bioavailability. It was concluded that the rapid absorption of ibuprofen from capsules containing sodium carbonate is due to enhanced in vivo disintegration of the capsule, enhanced in vivo dissolution of the drug and enhanced gastric emptying rate.
Adult↗
Effect of sodium bicarbonate and sodium starch glycolate on the in vivo disintegration of hard gelatin capsules--a radiological study in the dog.
The release of drugs from hard gelatin capsules is often limited by the disintegration rate of the capsule. We set out to determine whether it is possible to hasten the in vivo disintegration of hard gelatin capsules by adding disintegrants (sodium bicarbonate or sodium starch glycolate) to the formulation. This radiological study was carried out in six beagle dogs. We conclude that if rapid disintegration is desired for a hard gelatin capsule formulation, water-soluble diluents should primarily be selected. Sparingly water-soluble, gelforming diluents cause slow in vivo disintegration. Using swellable disintegrants such as sodium starch glycolate does not accelerate disintegration and may even retard it. With sodium bicarbonate it is possible to shorten the disintegration time of capsules containing water-insoluble ingredients, but not to the extent possible with water-soluble diluents.
Animals↗