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Biomedical subjects

A M Jackson

Publications and source records attributed to A M Jackson.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Lytic spondylolisthesis above the lumbosacral level.

The syndrome produced by lytic spondylolisthesis depends on the level at which it occurs. Above the lumbosacral level the incidence of neurologic signs and spinal stenosis increases, and further forward slip in adult life is not uncommon. Twenty-seven patients with lesions above the fifth lumbar vertebra and symptoms severe enough to warrant surgery were studied. Some radiologic observations are made. The patients were divided into two groups for assessment of the results of surgery. Patients with no neurologic signs obtained satisfactory results after a fusion procedure alole. Patients with a neurologic deficit fared less well after surgery, and the importance of decompression in this group is stressed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Remote metastases from intracranial tumours.

A review of the primary tumours of the nervous system encountered over the past 16 years from the population of the west of Scotland uncovered only three tumours in which remote extracranial metastases had developed. In all three, there had been surgical intervention before the appearance of metastases. The findings in these patients are compared with those in other published accounts of this unusual complication.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Leukocyte migration inhibition by cancer patients' sera.

Sera from 38 of 89 melanoma patients, 4 of 15 patients with other cancers and 3 of 43 control donors inhibited the migration of autologous leukocytes. Sera from patients with clinically detectable metastatic disease and from the recipients of BCG were most frequently inhibitory. Autologous sera from 31 of 71 melanoma patients and 3 of 31 control donors increased the leukocyte migration inhibition induced by formalinized melanoma cells. This activity occurred in sera from patients at all stages of malignancy, whether bearing detectable tumour or not and whether receiving BCG or not. Abrogation of tumour-cell-induced leukocyte migration inhibition by serum was less frequent, occurring with 8 of 71 melanoma patients (6 Stage III, 1 Stage I and 1 Stage II) and no control sera. Preincubation of formalinized tumour cells had no effect on their activity in the leukocyte migration assay but the preincubation of melanoma leukocytes with either autologous serum or foetal calf serum inhibited leukocyte reactivity in around 50% of tests. However, this was also seen with control leukocytes and the effect appears to be immunologically non-specific.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

An examination of the immunology of cancer patients.

We have examined 111 cancer patients and 111 control individuals for general immunocompetence (haematological values, "recall" antigen skin tests, PHA and PPD induced lymphocyte transformation, serum Ig levels and lymphocyte subpopulations), for evidence of sensitisation to tumour-associated antigens (leucocyte migration test, serum inhibition of autologous leucocyte migration, lymphocytotoxicity, membrane immunofluorescence and immune adherence) and for evidence of continuing immune reactions (alterations of complement components and anticomplementary activity). Major differences between the cancer patients and controls were demonstrated by several tests of sensitisation and these also detected differences between patients with and without metastases. The only differences detected between cancer patients and controls by the tests of general immunocompetence were in serum IgG and IgA (higher in the cancer patients) and lymphocyte subpopulations ("active" T, autorosetting lymphocytes and lymphocytes forming "super-rosettes" increased in cancer patients). In a comparison of cancer patients with and without metastases, patients with metastases were less often reactive to the Candida DHS and streptokinase-streptodornase antigens and had raised circulating Fc positive cells. Abnormalities of the individual components of complement occurred in about half the cancer patients, but were equally common in those with and without metastases. Serum anti-complementary activity was very rarely detected. The tests of specific sensitisation correlated reasonably well but correlations of tests of general immunocompetence were infrequent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Thoracoscopy as an aid to the diagnosis of diaphragmatic injury in penetrating wounds of the left lower chest: a preliminary report.

In an attempt to evaluate the place of thoracoscopy, the investigation was performed on 11 patients with penetrating wounds of the left lower chest, who had no definite clinical or radiological indication for operation. In 6 patients the diaphragm was seen clearly, and in 2 of these an unsuspected diaphragmatic injury was found. Both injuries were later confirmed at operation. The other 4 patients had intact diaphragms and were successfully treated conservatively. It is suggested that thoracoscopy is a useful aid in the diagnosis of left-sided, diaphragmatic injury and that the best results are obtained if it is performed within 24 hours of the injury.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pinning of the slipped upper femoral epiphysis--a trouble-free procedure?

A retrospective review has been performed of the operative complications of pinning the slipped upper femoral epiphysis. Eighty-three hips in 64 patients were reviewed. A complication rate of 34% was found for the initial operation. The overall incidence of complications for the pin removal operation was 19%, but it was much higher if threaded pins had been used (p less than 0.001). Although many of the complications were minor, one-third necessitated further surgery. It is suggested that prophylactic pinning in situ of the opposite hip and the use of threaded pins should be reviewed. In addition, alternative procedures such as epiphysiodesis may deserve further consideration.

Bone Nails↗