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Biomedical subjects

A M Jawad

Publications and source records attributed to A M Jawad.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

In vitro effect of different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on human polymorphonuclear leukocyte activity measured by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of the whole blood.

OBJECTIVE: To define the well-known variability in the effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and to search for predictors of such variability using an in vitro model. METHODS: Polymorphonuclear leukocyte activity was measured by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of the whole blood using barium sulphate as a stimulator. Blood was taken from 40 apparently healthy volunteers (22 males and 18 females; their age ranged from 20-50 years). Drugs (indomethacin 10 ug/ml, aspirin 300 ug/ml, ibuprofen 25 ug/ml or diclofenac 8 ug/ml) were added into the blood of each individual in vitro. The chemiluminescence was measured in a photon counting system. RESULTS: There was a marked inter and intra individual variation in the chemiluminescence response to the 4 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, added in vitro. The variation exhibited a continuous pattern. No statistically significant correlation was found between the in vitro effect of one non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and the other 3 drugs, nor between the effect of each drug and factors like age, sex, weight, height, packed cell volume, hemoglobin percentage and white blood cell count. Subjects with hemoglobin-AS type (number = 9) responded mainly by enhancement to indomethacin and diclofenac. When the number of subjects rather than the average net effect was compared according to blood groups, those with blood group A showed chemiluminescence responses towards enhancement with indomethacin and diclofenac and blood group O with aspirin. A consistent pattern of enhancement and inhibition was evident; enhancements and inhibitions by any 2 drugs involve a seemingly constant proportion of subjects. CONCLUSION: Luminol-dependent chemiluminescence responses of polymorphonuclear leukocyte activity could be a good in vitro model to study the variability in response to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Characteristics of each individual are not able to predict the pattern of variability. Abnormal hemoglobin and the type of blood group seem to be an interesting area for research.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Hypoglycaemic effect of aqueous extract of the leaves of Trigonella foenum-graecum in healthy volunteers.

The safety and efficacy of Trigonella foenum-graecum extract was investigated using 20 male volunteers aged 20-30 years. They were randomly treated with either 40 mg/kg aqueous extract powder in 10 mL distilled water or 10 mL distilled water in which coffee simulated the extract. The extract significantly lowered blood glucose level by 13.4% 4 hours after ingestion. A significant change of 14.1% was observed in potassium levels. No significant alteration in serum cholesterol, total serum protein and blood urea occurred. Approximately one-third experienced feelings of hunger, frequency of micturition or dizziness during the 24 hours after ingestion. The aqueous extract effectively reduced blood glucose in normal subjects safely. Its hypokalaemic effect merits further investigation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The effects of flurbiprofen and indomethacin on the mitogenic response of human peripheral mononuclear cells.

The effects of flurbiprofen (FBP) and indomethacin (INDO) on the incorporation of [3H]thymidine into human peripheral mononuclear cells after stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) were investigated. FBP and INDO enhanced [3H]thymidine incorporation only at suboptimal concentrations of PHA and Con A but the concentration of PWM was less critical. Enhancement depended upon the presence of mononuclear cells which could be removed by adherence to plastic: these may be tentatively identified as monocytes (macrophages). INDO enhanced [3H]thymidine uptake to a greater degree than FBP and its effect was decreased to a greater extent by removal of monocytes. The enhancing effects of INDO and FBP are completely reversible by thorough washing of cells which had been exposed to the drugs and could be regained by direct addition of drugs to previously washed cells. Concurrent addition of both drugs to cell cultures showed neither antagonism nor synergy with respect to the effect of one drug alone. PGE2 inhibited [3H]thymidine incorporation. Like that of FBP and INDO, this action was dependent on mitogenic dose and apparent at suboptimal doses only. A low concentration of exogenous PGE2 (2 ng/ml) was sufficient to prevent the enhancing effect of both FBP and INDO.

Adult↗