PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A M Lewicki

Publications and source records attributed to A M Lewicki.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Sex differences in rank attainment among radiology and internal medicine faculty.

Overall, the percentage of women attaining the ranks of associate professor and professor remains well below the percentage of men in those ranks. Few studies of women in academic medicine have been conducted that might guide the leaders of medical schools and specialty societies in addressing the reasons for this disparity. The Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Faculty Roster System allows comparison of a cohort of faculty at any selected time following their first faculty appointments. This study examined men and women faculty who received their first appointments in the departments of radiology and internal medicine in 1976 and who were still active in 1986. Disparities between men and women in rank attained were apparent in both specialties but were greater in radiology than in internal medicine. Other variables examined include ethnic-racial self-description and teaching, research, patient care, and administrative responsibilities. The authors pose additional research questions requiring information that the Faculty Roster System is not designed to provide.

Achievement↗
PubMed1979

Subcutaneous emphysema of the abdominal wall from diverticulitis with necrotizing fasciitis.

The case history of a patient with subcutaneous emphysema of the abdomen from sigmoid diverticulitis is presented. The mechanisms for developing abdominal wall emphysema are reviewed. Thus when the gas originates from the gastrointestinal tract, mechanical factors are mainly responsible for this phenomenon. These inculde a direct communication through a colonocutaneous fistula. Gas may, however, also be spread into the abdominal wall by high intraintestinal pressures. Infection with gas-producing organisms may be associated with subcutaneous emphysema. This is particularly true when the emphysema develops 48 h or longer after onset of symptoms. Infection, however, is not the major cause for gas in these tissues.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1979

The barium enema; evidence for proper utilization.

A group of 1,041 patients was studied in an attempt to identify symptoms, signs, or laboratory findings (disease indicators) associated with either a high or low yield of abnormal barium enemas. A specific search was undertaken for subgroups with one or more statistically significant indicators of large bowel disease. If enemas were performed only for statistically significant indicators (fever, positive stool benzidine, rectal or abdominal mass, low hematocrit) or indicators of clinical importance (weight loss, constipation, diarrhea, etc.) only 13% of examinations would be eliminated. At the same time, however, 10% of patients with gastrointestinal disease would be missed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Cecal volvulus.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cecal Diseases↗
PubMed1978

pH-tested reflux without hiatus hernia.

Gastroesophageal reflux was tested for with a pH telemetry capsule. In 29 individuals in whom no hiatus hernia was demonstrated on barium esophagram, the transverse diameter of the intrahiatal esophagus was compared to that of the intrathoracic. When the width of the intrahiatal esophagus was two-thirds or less that of the intrathoracic, pH-proven reflux was an infrequent event. When wider, reflux occurred with high frequency.

Gastric Acidity Determination↗
PubMed1977

Complete esophageal obstruction from cricopharyngeal achalasia.

A patient with complete esophageal obstruction from cricopharyngeal achalasia in whom adequate cricopharyngeal myotomy failed to alleviate the dysphagia is described. The importance of pre-operative radiological evaluation of patients with neurologically related dysphagia is discussed, specifically, the degree of obstruction, range of tongue movement, and presence of aspiration. These factors have a predictive value in assessing the benefits of planned cricopharyngeal myotomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Intestinal tuberculosis.

Intestinal tuberculosis is a disease with protective clinical manifestations. The radiographic changes in the bowel are similarly varied but often highly suggestive if not characteristic. The key radiologic changes in the bowel, with emphasis on the ileocecal area, are described and the clinical and pathologic features are reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Intrathoracic stomach: when does it obstruct?

Large esophageal and paraesophageal gastric herniations may occasionally produce gastric obstruction and strangulation. Seven cases of gastric intrathoracic herniation of varying degree, including 2 with obstruction, are presented with diagrams of the anatomy in each case. The cases with obstruction are discussed in relation to existing theories of the mechanism of obstruction: (a) tightness of the hernial ring; (b) acute volvulis of the herniated stomach; and (c) subdiaphragmatic redescent of the fundus with fundic distension and crowding of the hernial orifice. It is concluded that the last mechanism is the most common, but that a combination of mechanisms produces the obstruction in some cases.

Hernia, Diaphragmatic↗
PubMed1975

What do we gain from the sixth stool guaiac?

The six sequential stool guaiac protocol has been advocated for screening of colonic cancer. Analysis of the expenditures involved in such a program shows that the cost of detecting cancer rises exponentially so that the marginal cost of the sixth test may be 20,000 times the average cost. The marginal cost is decreased with lower test sensitivity and increased with lower prevalence of colonic cancer. This result shows that even an inexpensive test can become quite costly in terms of cases detected. The marginal cost per case detected depends on the prevalence of the condition in the population screened and the sensitivity of the test applied.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Fluoroscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract by the radiological technologist.

A pilot program was established to train an experienced radiological technologist to perform fluorescopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Patients were prescreened and films reviewed by a staff radiologist. The quality of the films obtained by the technologist equaled that of the department's resident radiologists.

Fluoroscopy↗
PubMed1975

Esophageal moniliasis. A review of common and less frequent characteristics.

Invasion of the esophagus by Candida albicans probably occurs more frequently than the reported cases suggest. The disease usually occurs following immunosuppression but may occur after antibiotic therapy. It is heralded by the sudden onset of severe pain and dysphagia, and recovery or death from dissemination may occur. Roentgenographically, impaired motility is much more prominent than disordered motility or spasm. Narrowing, a cobblestone epithelium, and later, erosions and ulcerations are seen. Antifungal agents are adequate therapy.

Candidiasis↗