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Biomedical subjects

A M Polderman

Publications and source records attributed to A M Polderman.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

'Hydatoxi lualba', an artefact.

Blood samples from controls, pre-eclamptic patients and cord blood from their infants were examined for the so-called Hydatoxi lualba parasite. Using a further modified TBO staining technique on blood-smears made on slides cleaned manually, the 'eggs, larva and worms' could be demonstrated to be successive stages of artefacts originating from threads deposited by the cotton swabs used in manual cleaning. These successive stages of 'worms' could only rarely be found in smears made on industrially cleaned slides.

Eclampsia↗
PubMed1984

Side effects of praziquantel in the treatment of Schistosoma mansoni in Maniema, Zaire.

In a small community in Maniema, Zaire, heavily infected with Schistosoma mansoni, direct observations were made of the side effects of praziquantel in the hours immediately after treatment. Intense abdominal discomfort and the production of bloody diarrhoea were observed in more than half of the treated population. These effects were seen both in children and in adults and the onset of the symptoms was registered within 30 min of treatment. The frequency of the side effects was correlated with the intensity of the infection. No satisfactory explanation could be given why the side effects in Maniema appear to be so intense compared with the general experience elsewhere.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Cost-effectiveness of different ways of controlling intestinal schistosomiasis: a case study.

Intestinal schistosomiasis is highly prevalent among the labourers and their families in many of the miners' villages in Maniema, Zaire. Following treatment, a quick re-infection can be observed if no measures are taken to reduce transmission. It is shown that the rate of re-infection is reduced when the water bodies around an endemic village are properly molluscicided. When, in addition to chemotherapy, a strategy of focal mollusciciding was adopted beneficial effects were visible 12 months after treatment but no longer at 20 months. In view of the comparatively small size of the human populations in the endemic villages, and due to the extent and the variety of the snail-infested water bodies, chemotherapy only, without additional measures, would seem to be the most cost-effective type of control, under the prevailing conditions. This conclusion should be revised when long term health-planning could be effectively envisaged for the area.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Physiological performance and work capacity of tin mine labourers infested with schistosomiasis in Zaire.

The aim of the study was to test the applicability and reliability of study design and methodology for estimating the impact of schistosomiasis (mansoni) on work capacity. 160 tin-mine labourers in 4 villages in the district of Maniema (Zaire) were investigated (age 20-35 yrs). In two villages the prevalence of schistosomiasis amounts up to 100%, whereas in the other two no local transmission takes place and only some lightly infected cases are to be found. Living, working, socio-economical and ecological conditions are highly comparable. Work capacity was estimated by mean of sub-maximal work tests (Monark bicycle ergometer and double Master step-test). The population involved is unfamiliar with bicycling. Although the technique could be easily learned the work test on the bicycle ergometer as compared to the step-test gave less reliable results. Haemoglobin levels in Schistosoma positive individuals were not reduced. Work capacity as indirectly estimated by the step-test, showed no significant difference between the groups. It is concluded that the influence of schistosomiasis on work capacity, if present, is small and not detectable with the methods used in this pilot-study.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Visceral larva migrans: examinations by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of human sera for antibodies to excretory-secretory antigens of the second-stage larvae of Toxocara canis.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is described for the detection of serum antibodies to visceral larva migrans (Toxocariasis). Excretory-secretory antigens of the second-stage larvae of Toxocara canis were used as antigen to coat the polystyrene plates. With sera from patients high antibody titers were observed in both ocular and visceral disorders. Cross-reactions due to other parasitic infections could be excluded, including other migrating larval infections such as ascariasis, trichinellosis, strongyloidiasis, filariasis, and anisakiasis. In a small seroepidemiologic survey of healthy primary schoolchildren, a remarkably high percentage (7.1) reacted positively to this method. These children showed eosinophilia as compared to the seronegative group. The data were compared with those observed in other countries and the results prompt reconsideration of the significance of T. canis for public health.

Ascariasis↗
PubMed1983

Fatal cerebral toxoplasmosis in a bone marrow transplant recipient with leukemia.

Although opportunistic infections after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation are common, cerebral toxoplasmosis has only been reported once. We report a case of lethal cerebral toxoplasmosis in a patient with acute leukemia who had been submitted to intensive cytotoxic therapy and allogeneic marrow rescue. The clinical course was characterized by an unusually sudden neurological onset. It was remarkable that, in this case, toxoplasma serology remained repeatedly negative. The autopsy revealed that the infection also involved the myocardium. Serological data and pathology findings are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Failure of targeted mass treatment to control schistosomiasis.

An attempt was made to control schistosomiasis mansoni with mass treatment of all subjects excreting more than 100 eggs/g of faeces. No other means of control to reduce transmission were used. A very low dosage of hycanthone (0.75 mg/kg) appeared insufficient to achieve a satisfactory reduction of the worm load. A higher dosage (1.5 mg/kg) resulted in a significant reduction of the egg output. However, reappearance of eggs, probably indicating reinfection, was very rapid. One year after treatment the egg counts were at about two-thirds of the original level again.

Communicable Disease Control↗
PubMed1979

Transmission dynamics of endemic schistosomiasis.

Observations on schistosome infections in a human population, on the occurrence of the intermediate host, and on the exposure of man to infested water in an endemic area in Ethiopia, are brought together. It is observed that there is an apparent lack of correlation between the results of the first type of observation and those of the other two. The relative insensitivity of stool examination methods, the low counts of S. mansoni eggs, and the consequent underestimation of infection rates is discussed along with serologic findings. Finally, it is suggested that schistosomiasis in the area could be described as 'hyperendemic', a situation with a surplus of transmission in which the parasite populations do not seem to be regulated any more by transmission factors.

Adolescent↗