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Biomedical subjects

A M Ros

Publications and source records attributed to A M Ros.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Effect of grenz rays on Langerhans' cells in human epidermis.

In order to investigate the effect of grenz rays on Langerhans' cells in human epidermis, five healthy volunteers were treated with a single dose of 4 gray of grenz rays on a limited area of buttock skin. Biopsies were obtained before irradiation and from the irradiated site 30 min, 6 hours, 24 hours, 1 week and 3 weeks after X-ray therapy. There was a slight reduction after 30 min and a very pronounced reduction of OKT-6 positive cells regarded as Langerhans' cells, 1 and 3 weeks after irradiation.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Long-term photochemotherapy for psoriasis: a histopathological and clinical follow-up study with special emphasis on tumour incidence and behavior of pigmented lesions.

A thorough clinical and microscopical investigation was conducted in patients with severe longstanding psoriasis maintained on long-term photochemotherapy with PUVA. 250 patients were reinvestigated after PUVA therapy for up to 7 years, 49% for 5 to 7 years. No serious side effects were observed. Occasional peculiar hyperkeratoses of a bowenoid type were seen in 3 patients (1.2%) and solitary lesions at actinic keratoses in 5 patients (2%). No occurrence of squamous cell carcinoma nor basal cell carcinoma was detected. Lentiginosis of varying degree was fairly common and seen in 33% and a very profuse disseminated lentiginosis in 4%. Six patients (2.4%) developed isolated, clinically dark and irregular lentiginous spots which on biopsy showed microscopically an aberrant morphology and were therefore classified as atypical lentigines. All of them had earlier been subjected to extensive courses of UVB treatment and 3 of them had history of earlier arsenic therapy. No malignant transformation was seen but those were for reasons of safety referred to the risk group category and may prove to be at particular risk on future PUVA therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

T lymphocyte subpopulations in alopecia areata and psoriasis: identification with monoclonal antibodies and Fc receptors.

A comparison of T lymphocyte subpopulations as defined by Fc receptors and monoclonal antibodies was investigated in 9 patients with alopecia areata and alopecia universalis (AA and AU) and in 6 patients with psoriasis. It was shown that there was higher proportion of T lymphocytes with Fc receptors for IgG (Tg cells) in patients with alopecia (AA and AU) and psoriasis. The proportions of total T lymphocytes (Tt), T lymphocytes with Fc receptors for IgM, T suppressor/cytotoxic cells (Leu2A), T helper/inducer (Leu3A) as defined by monoclonal antibodies were within normal range as compared to the normal donors. The possible reason of the dissociation between Tg and T suppressor (Leu2A) cells could be that these cells belong to different subpopulations.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Chloroquine in treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda. Long-term efficacy of combined phlebotomy and high-dose chloroquine therapy.

The combined treatment with phlebotomy and high-dose chloroquine for PCT is described and 21 patients treated were followed up for periods of up to 6 years. Clinical and laboratory remissions were experienced by all patients. The urinary excretion of porphyrin and serum hepatic enzyme levels rose rapidly during therapy and then fell, mostly to levels well below that before treatment. The periods required for normalization of laboratory tests, median value, were 1.5 months for liver enzymes and 7 months for uroporphyrins. Clinical symptoms soon disappeared, blistering within 3 weeks and skin fragility within 12. Mild nausea or subfebrility was noted in some cases, but no other serious acute or chronic adverse reactions were observed. Clinical or biochemical relapse appeared in 9/21 (43%) patients who were then retreated. Relapsing cases showed a symptomfree period of 1-2.5 years after each treatment. Liver biopsy was performed in 4 relapsing cases prior to the repeated treatment and showed only mild siderosis and a mild fatty infiltration consistent with pathological liver findings in PCT but no evidence of chloroquine-induced permanent liver damage. The longest symptomfree period observed up to date was assessed for 7 patients who were followed up for more than 2 years after 1 single treatment. Four (57%) of them were symptomfree 5-6 years and no clinical or biochemical signs of relapse were observed. Our data confirm the efficacy of the high-dose therapeutic procedure, and the combined regimen with 1-2 phlebotomies prior to the chloroquine administration seems to be a safe procedure without any serious side effects. Our findings are discussed in relation to other current therapeutic modalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Influence of incentive spirometry on pulmonary volumes after laparotomy.

Twenty patients undergoing an upper abdominal procedure were randomly assigned in two groups. One group was treated with both chest physical therapy and incentive spirometry and the other was treated with chest physical therapy alone. Spirometric values, respiratory rate, tidal volume and vital capacity were determined during the postoperative course. We observed that patients treated with incentive spirometry bad a faster return to preoperative pulmonary volumes. This observation confirms the prophylactic role of incentive spirometry in the prevention of pulmonary complications after laparotomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

T cell subpopulations and their functions in vitro. A study in patients with alopecia areata and alopecia universalis.

T lymphocyte subpopulations and their in vitro activities were determined in patients with alopecia areata (AA) and alopecia universalis (AU). The frequencies of T cells with receptors for IgG and T cells with receptors for IgM were determined in 16 cases. The IgG and IgM production of B lymphocytes cocultured with autologous and allogeneic T lymphocytes in the presence of PWM was determined in 12 and 9 cases, respectively, and the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of unfractionated lymphocytes was examined in 6 cases. Patients with AA and AU had a higher proportion of Tg cells and more pronounced ADCC of unfractionated peripheral lymphocytes than normal persons. Furthermore, PWM-induced Ig production of B lymphocytes in the presence of autologous T lymphocytes seemed to be lower than that of controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

T lymphocyte subpopulations and pokeweed mitogen-induced immunoglobulin synthesis in vitro by mononuclear cells from psoriasis patients.

T-lymphocyte subpopulations and pokeweed mitogen(PWM)-induced immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis of mononuclear cells in vitro were studied in patients with psoriasis as well as in age- and sex-matched normal blood donors. The frequences of T cells with receptors for IgG (Tg) and T cells with receptors for IgM (Tm) were examined. The IgG and IgM synthesis in mononuclear cell suspensions in the presence of different amounts of PWM was determined. The percentage of total T cells (rosetting with neuroaminidase-treated sheep red blood cells), including high and low affinity T lymphocytes showed no difference between the patient group and controls. The patients with psoriasis had a significantly higher mean proportion of Tg cells than the normal donors whereas there was no significant difference in the proportions of Tm cells between these two groups. The PWM-induced Ig synthesis in the mononuclear cell suspension seemed lower in patients with psoriasis than in controls, the difference being statistically significant when the results were expressed as ratios of Ig amounts present in the supernatants of PWM-stimulated and non-stimulated cultures (index of stimulation).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Blood lymphocyte subpopulations and antibody dependent, cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in alopecia areata and universalis.

T-lymphocyte subpopulations and antibody-dependent, cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) were studied in patients with alopecia areata and universalis. The proportions of T-cells with the receptors for IgG (Tg) and T-cells with receptor for IgM (Tm) were determined in 16 cases. The ADCC of unfractionated lymphocytes was examined in 5 cases. A higher proportion of Tg-cells (T-cell with low affinity for sheep red cells) and a more pronounced ADCC of the peripheral lymphocytes were found in patients with alopecia areata and universalis than in age- and sex-matched normal donors.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity (SCMC) in patients with alopecia universalis.

The spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity (SCMC) of unfractionated lymphocytes was determined in 5 patients with alopecia universalis (AU). The target cells used were K562 and Chang cell lines. All patients had an increased SCMC as compared with age- and sex-matched donors. The results indicate that SCMC against K562 cells is more pronounced than that against Chang cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Incentive spirometry. Prevention of pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery.

The postoperative period after laparotomy is characterized by a decrease in pulmonary volumes combined with a maldistribution of the ventilation and the perfusion. Together with manual techniques, intermittent pressure breathing and incentive spirometry have been suggested to maintain open alveoli and to prevent atelactasissis. The shortcomings related to the use of pressure-controlled devices include patient's resistance to the technique, overinflation of normal alveoli, excessive total ventilation, decrease in venous return and various gastrointestinal side effects. The incentive spirometry has been designed to promote sustained maximal inspirations and reproduce sighing mechanisms. The decrease in pleural pressure can result in high transpulmonary pressures. For many investigators, incentive spirometry represents a very easy and efficient method to prevent atelectasis.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1976

A follow-up study of patients with recurrent urticaria and hypersensitivity to aspirin, benzoates and azo dyes.

We have studied seventy-five patients with recurrent urticaria and angio-oedema of more than 4 months duration and with positive provocation tests to aspirin, azo dyes, and/or benzoates. Cross-reactions between the test compounds were common. The patients were recommended to be on a diet free from salicylates, benzoates, and azo dyes. They were then followed for 6-24 months. At the follow-up, 24% were free from symptoms, 57% considered themselves much better and 19% stated that they were slightly better or unchanged. All patients had followed the diet for at least 1-3 months. Most of those who became totally free of symptoms did not continue with the diet, while most of the patients who considered themselves much better found that it was necessary to continue on the recommended diet. They usually developed symptoms as soon as they ingested something containing azo dyes or benzoates. To be able to maintain such a diet, it is important that the content of additives in food and drugs be properly declared.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Photodynamic therapy with topical 5-aminolevulinic acid for mycosis fungoides: clinical and histological response.

There is no curative treatment for mycosis fungoides (MF), the most common primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the response of single lesions to photodynamic therapy (PDT). The study included 10 plaque MF lesions and 2 tumour MF lesions from 10 patients. First, 20% 5-aminolevulinic acid was applied topically to the lesion and adjacent skin for 5-6 h. The lesion was then exposed to red light at around 630nm. Skin biopsies were taken before treatment, after clinical improvement and after clinical remission. The expression of CD3, CD4, CD7, CD8, CD1a, CD34, CD68, CD71, Ki-67, bcl-2 and p53 was studied immunohistochemically. There was complete clinical clearance in seven of nine plaque lesions. Neither tumour lesion responded to PDT. The biopsies confirmed a regression of the infiltrate after treatment. In the sparse remaining infiltrate a few CD4+ and CD8+ cells were found, most of which showed normal bcl-2. There were also fewer proliferating cells, illustrated by a decrease in Ki-67 and CD71. In conclusion, PDT has good clinical and histological effects in treating local plaque MF lesions.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cyclosporin A therapy for severe solar urticaria.

Solar urticaria is characterized by itching weals that occur a few minutes after exposure to visible or ultraviolet light. The symptoms may sometimes restrict normal daily life. Treatment is difficult in more severe cases. We describe one patient with solar urticaria who was successfully treated with cyclosporin A. The patient had first been treated with antihistamine, PUVA and chloroquine phosphate without effect. Cyclosporin was given in a dose of 4.5 mg/kg body weight/day. Phototesting before, during and after treatment showed a decreased light sensitivity to UVA, UVB and visible light during cyclosporin treatment compared with phototesting before therapy. The patient could be out in the sun for at least 1 h with minimal urticaria during cyclosporin therapy compared with only a few minutes previously. However, 1-2 weeks after cyclosporin therapy was discontinued, skin symptoms returned. Cyclosporin therapy is a possible treatment in severe cases of solar urticaria where other treatments have failed, especially in countries where treatment is necessary only for a few months during summer.

Adult↗