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Biomedical subjects

A M Syed

Publications and source records attributed to A M Syed.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Combination of external and interstitial irradiation in the primary management of breast carcinoma.

The authors treated 83 patients with carcinoma of the breast using a combination of external and interstitial irradiation at Los Angeles County--University of Southern California Medical Center and Southern California Cancer Center between February 1, 1974, and May 31, 1977. All 30 patients who had T1 and T2 lesions, and who were followed for a minimum period of 24 months (24-50 months) are clinically still free of disease. Thirty-nine of 53 patients with T3 and T4 lesions, who were followed for a minimum of 30 months (30-56 months) are still alive with local control. Details of treatment techniques, dosimetry, results and complications are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Primary treatment of carcinoma of the lower rectum and anal canal by a combination of external irradiation and interstitial implant.

Ten patients with carcinoma of the anorectum were treated with a combination of external irradiation and after-loading interstitial 192Ir implant, which seems to be effective in controlling relatively small cancers of the anorectum and providing effective palliation of extensive lesions. Five of the 10 patients remain free of tumor after a minimum follow-up of 15 months. Four of the 10 were treated with one interstitial implant and 4,000--5,000 rads of external irradiation and 6 were treated with the same amount of irradiation and two implants. When two implants were used, complications were minimal.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Persistent carcinoma of the oropharynx and oral cavity re-treated by after-loading interstitial 192Ir implant.

After-loading implantation techniques apparently offer an effective alternative in the management of persistent (or recurrent) oropharynx and oral cavity carcinoma postirradiation. A total of 29 patients with such lesions was treated from February 1974, to July 1975, in the LAC/USC Radiation Medicine Section, using after-loading 192Ir implantation techniques. These patients all had extensive persistent cancer after "full tolerance" irradiation (with or without previous surgery) and were referred for palliation or for possible salvage. Additional doses administered ranged from 5000 to 7000 rads in three to five days. Eighteen of the 29 patients (63%) have had complete local control for 18 to 36 months. These patients have maintained a relatively satisfactory palliative status. Ten of the 29 are dead. Follow-up periods are short, but early indications are that problem patients with persistent cancer after "full tolerance irradiation" can be salvaged, or at least satisfactorily palliated, with after-loading interstitial implant techniques. Clinical details, sites of involvement, implantation techniques, dosimetry methodology, reactions and complications will be described.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Afterloading interstitial implant in the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers.

(1) In all, 70 patients with carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx have been treated utilizing one or more of several interstitial iridium-192 afterloading techniques. (2) After an 18-month minimum follow-up period, local control is still maintained in 9 of 10 patients with T1 and T2 lesions (UICC), in 17 of 22 patients with T3 lesions, and in 21 of 38 patients reirradiated for recurrent disease. The complication rate of 29% in the reirradiated patients, though high, is considered acceptable in these essentially hopeless cases. (3) This preliminary report is made to stimulate interest in the role of interstitial iridium-192 afterloading techniques. We feel they deserve evaluation in a controlled study of other head and neck cancer management techniques (including external irradiation, surgical resection and adjunctive chemotherapy).

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1977

Technique of after-loading interstitial implants.

Interstitial implants are either removable or permanent (and occasionally a combination of both). Permanent implants are generally utilized where tumors are not accessible enough to permit easy removal of sources or where accurate source distribution is less critical. They are useful for cancers of the lung, pancreas, prostate, bladder, lymph nodes, etc. Radon and gold-198 have been largely replaced by iodine-125. Our major interests are in the removable after-loading iridium-192 implant techniques. Template (steel guide) and non-template (plastic tube) techniques are utilized. Templates are preferred where the tumor volume can only be approached from one side and where accurate positioning of sources would otherwise be difficult. They are useful for cancers of the cervix, vagina, urethra, and rectum. Non-template (plastic tube) techniques are preferred where the tumor volume can be approached from at least two sides and where templates are either not feasible or not essential for accurate positioning of sources. The single needle non-template approach is useful for cancers of lip, nodes, and breast (plastic button) and for cancers of the oral cavity and oropharynx (gold button). The paired needle non-template approach is useful for cancers of the gum, retromolar trigone, and base of tongue (loop technique) and for cancers of the palate (arch technique). Procedures for each technique are described in detail.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interstitial-implant radiotherapy in upper-aerodigestive-tract malignancy.

In the treatment of upper-aerodigestive-tract malignancy, interstitial-implant radiotherapy differs in several physical and biologic respects from conventional external-beam therapy: unlike external-beam therapy, it can deliver a high central dose with a rapid fall-off, which overcomes the central hypoxic resistance effect and yet greatly improves normal tissue tolerance. External-beam and interstitial-implant therapy can also be combined to the patient's benefit; in many cases, this combination offers advantages over external-beam therapy alone, preoperative external-beam therapy, or aggressive surgery. The recent upsurge of interest in this modality has come about because of three developments: more suitable radioactive sources, after-loading, and computerized dosimetry. The early results in upper-aerodigestive-tract malignancy, both as primary and as salvage therapy, are promising; but the precise role of this treatment in our therapeutic armamentarium remains to be established.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High-dose-rate brachytherapy in the treatment of carcinoma of the prostate.

BACKGROUND: Although radical prostatectomy for localized disease is considered as a standard of care, external-beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy are equally effective. We report on the technique and preliminary results of high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy using a temporary iridium-192 implant technique. METHODS: The authors reviewed the literature on the techniques, treatment protocols, and results of HDR brachytherapy in the treatment of carcinoma of the prostate, and they report their own protocols, technique, and results. RESULTS: The combination of HDR brachytherapy and external irradiation has been well tolerated by all 200 patients in our series, with less than 3% grade 3 late complications and with 95% PSA relapse-free survival with a median follow-up of 24 months. CONCLUSIONS: HDR brachytherapy may be the most conformal type of irradiation in the treatment of carcinoma of the prostate regardless of tumor size, anatomical distortion, and organ mobility.

Adenocarcinoma↗