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Biomedical subjects

A M Tikhomirov

Publications and source records attributed to A M Tikhomirov.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

[The effects of mono- and bipolar stimulations of the acoustic nerve by a pulse current].

The amplitudes of the EPs during monopolar and bipolar stimulation of the acoustic nerve were analysed in the cat auditory cortex. Increasing number of trains of 0.2 and 0.5 msec duration of short (5 mu sec) electric pulses were delivered to the streptomycin-damaged cochlea. The comparison of the two types of stimulation revealed a larger dynamic range and a higher increase in the amplitude at the bipolar stimulation. The average value of the stimulation current was lower for the monopolar stimulation.

Animals

[Extracochlear prosthesis in acute experiment].

Whether the transfer of coded sound intensity is possible was studied in acute experiments on cats with acquired deafness, using an original transducer of the signals with extracochlear position of the electrodes. The stimulation results were compared to intracochlear prosthesis. The type of the stimulation was not essential for threshold values of the total electric impact. In extracochlear position of the electrodes and the duration of potential 0.2 msec its amplitude increment was the highest, while the dynamic range turned out the lowest. With the impulse duration 0.5 msec, these differences disappeared. When compared to extracochlear, intracochlear bipolar stimulation proved superior.

Animals

[The effect of electrical and acoustic stimulation in early ontogeny on the characteristics of higher nervous activity and on the nucleic acid content of the tissues in chum salmon fry].

Stimulation of salmon larvae by electric current led further to unstable character of reactions in the open field. Acoustic stimulation both by tonal and musical signals favourably influenced the behaviour in the open field and the ability to elaborate conditioned reflexes. Changes of the content of nucleic acids were not found in the brain tissue but were found in the muscles, where they correlated with the growth speed and motor activity of the experimental fishes. The obtained data show the possibility of elaboration of applied methods of the control of CNS development and behaviour of young fishes at fishing plants.

Acoustic Stimulation

[Effect of low-energy laser irradiation on the functional state of the acoustic analyzer (experimental study)].

The acoustic function of guinea-pigs (in terms of ERA) before and after middle ear laser treatment (LHe-75, radiation intensity 15-17 mW, total dose 63 J/cm2, number of exposures 14) was investigated. The experiment was carried out using three groups of animals. Group 1 included healthy young animals. Group 2 consisted of adult animals with no signs of otitis media suppurativa. Group 3 involved adult guinea-pigs with chronic suppurative otitis media. After laser treatment all the animals showed increase of amplitudes of all ERA peaks, specifically of the first peak, an increase of the A1/A4 ratio, and an insignificant shortening of L1 at low sound intensities in group 1 and group 2 animals. This may suggest a greater excitation of the first component of the acoustic system. The group 3 animals exhibited a greater L1; this indicates that laser therapy of an untreated cavity during chronic otitis media may aggravate the pathological process. This pathology requires pretreatment of the middle ear cavity and laser therapy in combination with other therapeutic measures. None of the treated animals showed changes of the second time interval, whereas the third time interval (central time of conduction) became shorter, particularly on the side exposed to laser treatment. Our findings demonstrated differences in responses of adult and young animals to laser treatment (distinct shortening of the central time of conduction in those latter) which obviously needs further study.

Animals

[Response of cortical evoked potentials to electric stimulation of the acoustic nerve in animals with damaged cochlea].

Evoked potentials of the auditory cortex during the electrical stimulation of the cochlea were studied in acute experiments on cats. A series of electric pulses of short duration and different frequency delivered to the streptomycin-damaged cochlea were used as a stimulus. It has been shown that an amplitude and latency of electrical cortex responses depended on the number of pulses in series and on the interpulse intervals. Amplitudes of evoked responses increased with the growth of the number of stimuli. Latent periods changed in a narrower stimulation frequency band. Dependence of the induced potentials' amplitude growth on the increase in the number of electric pulses changed as a result of the two-fold enhancement of the stimulation amplitude.

Animals