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Biomedical subjects

A Mårtensson

Publications and source records attributed to A Mårtensson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Long-term results of recurrent laryngeal nerve resection for adductor spasmodic dysphonia.

From a total of 43 adductor spasmodic patients over a 10-year period, 11 underwent resection of a portion of the recurrent laryngeal nerve on one side. The initial results were excellent but a varying degree of recurrence took place in 8 patients. In 4, a reoperation was done. At the final follow-up, 2-8 years after the primary operation, 4 patients were no longer suffering from spasmodic dysphonia, another 5 were better off than before surgery, and 1 remained unchanged. Only 1 was worse off. Electromyographic findings indicated that the recurrence of symptoms was due to regeneration of the nerve fibers.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Isokinetic measurements of muscle strength in hysterical paresis.

The torque during isokinetic knee extensions and flexions was determined in repeated tests at 3 speeds of angular rotation in 25 patients with pareses considered to be hysterical after relevant examinations and follow-up. The torque records were combined with surface EMG from the quadriceps and the hamstring muscles in some patients. Besides the weakness, 3 signs were observed that are not usually seen in patients with pareses due to verified peripheral or central lesions. These signs were: Enlarged variability of torque in repeated tests of the same movement (larger than 20% of maximum torque in 22 patients). Higher torque in fast movements than in slow movements (8 patients). Force production in knee flexion less than that expected from the weight of leg and lever arm due to restraining activation of the quadriceps muscle (12 patients). The restraint was present although there was no spasticity. The signs reflect inconsistent and contradictory motor performance that is not compatible with a genuine paresis. Thus, they aid the identification of weakness of functional origin.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Antiparetic and antispastic effects induced by tizanidine in patients with spastic paresis.

The effects of tizanidine were studied in patients with spastic paresis. The study consisted of 4 parts: I, double-blind cross-over trial at maximal dosage 10 mg/day in 13 patients; II, open trial at maximal dosage 32 mg/day in 10 patients; III, long-term medication at dosage 32 mg/day for 6-15 months in 4 patients; IV, single dose (12 mg) administration in 3 patients. The effects were evaluated from clinical examinations, subjective assessments, EMG, gait analysis and quantitative determinations of passive resistance and voluntary strength in isokinetic extensions and flexions of the knee and plantar and dorsal flexions of the ankle at different speeds of motion. At 3-10 mg/day, no effects were observed except for increased prime mover EMG activity in voluntary knee flexions. At 12-32 mg/day, passive resistance decreased significantly in 3 of the movements tested. The maximal voluntary strength increased significantly in 3 movements, frequently associated with enlarged activation of prime mover muscles, less frequently with reduced antagonist co-activation. Functional disability was subjectively reduced and verified by improved gait capacity in 4 patients. Sustained effects on motor performance during long-term medication were verified by withdrawal in 3 patients. Single dose administration resulted in reduced passive resistance and increased voluntary strength, associated with an increased activation of the prime mover muscles. The results indicate that tizanidine exerts its effects in part by reducing spastic restraint, in part by enhancing the capacity to activate paretic muscles.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

TULIPS: the Uppsala-Linkoping Image Processing System.

The Uppsala-Linkoping Image Processing System, TULIPS, is described. TULIPS, a hardware-software system designed for cell image processing, was developed at Uppsala University Hospital in cooperation with the Department of Electrical Engineering at Linkoping University. The hardware part of the image processing system is built around a high-speed data bus with a capacity of about 40 M byte/sec connected to a PDP-11/55 host computer. An image memory, an LSI-11 microcomputer and a video interface for displaying the image memory content on a TV monitor are also connected to the high-speed bus. An automated microscope and a "Poulsen processor" for low resolution segmentation, both to be attached to the high-speed bus, are being developed. A monitor and an interpreter for an image processing language have been implemented on the host computer. This software system allows interactive, as well as batch, processing. The degree of user interaction is easily adapted to the user's needs. The image processing language is command oriented, and it is easily expanded by adding new commands. The system has been used both for studies in the field of quantitative microscopy and as a platform for development and testing of new image processing algorithms.

Computers↗
PubMed1980

Dynamic motor capacity in spastic paresis and its relation to prime mover dysfunction, spastic reflexes and antagonist co-activation.

Dynamic motor capacity was studied in 24 patients with spastic paraparesis (18 cases) or hemiparesis (6 cases). Torque was recorded with an isokinetic dynamometer in voluntary dynamic knee extensions and flexions at maximum effort and in passive movements at preset speeds of 30, 90 and 180 deg . s-1. EMG was recorded with surface electrodes from the quadriceps and the hamstring muscles. The capacity to accelerate motion up to preset speed was deficient in all patients as compared with healthy subjects. The moment of muscle force in movements at maximum effort was generally more reduced in fast than in slow movements. Spastic restraint in passive movements was low in the great majority of legs examined except in the fastest flexion, where about half showed restraint greater than 10 Nm. In a few cases, spastic reflexes were inhibited in voluntary motion. Most commonly, the restraint was greater in voluntary than in passive movements at equal range and speed. In voluntary motion, antagonist restraint was more common at high than at low speed of motion, and when present at low speed, it usually became greater with increasing speed of motion. It often reached a considerable magnitude, as estimated from EMG and may constitute a crucial component in the motor handicap.

Adult↗