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Biomedical subjects

A Macrí

Publications and source records attributed to A Macrí.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Diagnostic and therapeutic implications in two cases of pancreatic cystic tumours: mucinous and serous].

Cystic tumours of the pancreas include a pathologically heterogeneous and rare group of tumours, which however have many common clinical features. They represent about 10% of pancreatic cystic lesions and 1% of all forms of neoplasms, thus having a certain relevance in organ surgery. So far two distinct categories of cystic tumours have been identified, the basically benign serous form and the potentially malign mucinous form, which may sometimes show malignant features as early as the diagnostic stage. As neoplasms are very difficult to interpret before operation, it is essential that diagnosis is as accurate as possible in order to streamline surgery, which will have to be carried out after histological tests have been performed on an adequate number of tumour sections. Basing on these two cases of cystic tumours of the pancreas and on current literature, the Authors discuss the effectiveness of imaging techniques, such as contrast echography, dosage of specific tumour markers and histological tests backed up by immunohistochemistry in identifying these neoplasms, in order to study this rare but interesting pathology more accurately.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

[Caroli's disease: literature review and characteristics of a clinical case].

The Author's report the case of the simple form of Caroli's disease, a rare malformation, and review literature pointing out the difficulty of an early diagnosis, because disease can be silent for a long time too and it is identified for complication. Today, imaging, endoscopy and interventionist radiology are the most valid tools for a correct diagnosis and treatment, above all in a case of emergency, when other therapeutic solutions are not possible.

Caroli Disease↗
PubMed1999

Small incision nucleus capture: results of 200 cases.

PURPOSE: To compare the learning curve in a series of 200 cataract surgeries performed using small incision nucleus capture with that of phacoemulsification as reported in the literature. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. METHODS: Two hundred eyes of 163 consecutive patients with cataract had small incision nucleus capture, a relatively new cataract surgery technique that allows small incisions and in-the-bag intraocular lens implantation. Patients were divided into 4 groups of 50 each according to when they had surgery between August 1996 and October 1997. The incidence of intraoperative complications (capsule break with or without vitreous loss, capsulorhexis tears, Descemet's detachment, transient iris damage) and postoperative complications (raised intraocular pressure, corneal epithelial edema, Descemet's folds, and permanent iris damage) were evaluated at the different time points. Also recorded was final visual acuity. These results were compared with those obtained with phacoemulsification. RESULTS: The study comprised 92 women and 71 men with an age range of 41 to 93 years. Overall final results showed that the learning curve of nucleus capture is comparable to that of phacoemulsification. CONCLUSION: Nucleus capture cataract extraction resulted in a low incidence of complications and good visual recovery that was comparable to that obtained with phacoemulsification.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Forecasting of hydrophilic contact lens tolerance by means of tear ferning test.

BACKGROUND: The ability of the tear ferning test to predict future hydrophilic contact lens tolerance was studied. METHODS: The tear ferning test (TFT) was performed on one randomly chosen eye of each of the 116 subjects who came to our contact lens clinic for hydrophilic contact lens application. The TFT was performed at the time of enrollment (TO) and then 1 month (T1), 3 months (T2) and 6 months (T3) after contact lens fitting. The specificity and the sensitivity of the TFT in identifying future contact lens tolerance was then studied. The statistical significance of the differences in behavior through the study period among the subjects with different pre-fitting TFT results was evaluated by means of survival curves. RESULTS: When only type I ferning was considered as a marker of good tear film conditions, the ability of the TFT to forecast contact lens tolerance had 78.95% sensitivity, 78.35% specificity and 78.45% diagnostic precision. The TFT showed sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 86.6% and diagnostic precision of 97.4% when performed after 1 month of contact lens wearing (T1). Survival curve analysis showed a statistically significant difference in behavior between the group of subjects with pre-fitting ferning type I and the other three groups (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The TFT appears to have good sensitivity and specific for prediction of contact lens tolerance in a clinical setting.

Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic↗
PubMed1998

Low spatial-contrast sensitivity in dry eyes.

PURPOSE: Blurred vision in keratoconjunctivitis sicca eyes could be the result of the loss of the glossy surface of the tear film because of changes in composition or thickness irregularities. Spatial-contrast sensitivity in keratoconjunctivitis sicca and normal control eyes was tested before and after a tear substitute. METHODS: Three different groups of subjects were enrolled: one group of dry eyes with nonsignificant signs of epithelial disease (n = 12), the second group of dry eye positive with 1% Bengal rose staining of the cornea and of the conjunctiva (n = 18), and a third of normal eyes as control group (n = 15). In all the 45 eyes, spatial-contrast sensitivity was tested under the best correction by means of the Vistech Multivision Contrast Tester 8000 (Vistech Consultants, Dayton, OH, U.S.A.) before and 15 min after the instillation of a 0.4% Na-hyaluronate tear substitute without preservatives. RESULTS: A significant decrease of spatial-contrast sensitivity ranging from 35 to 70% was present in keratoconjunctivitis sicca eyes compared with a third group of age-matched normal eyes used as control. The spatial-contrast sensitivity was significantly lower also in the presence of preserved corneal surface. The addition of a tear substitute improved spatial contrast-sensitivity thresholds in all groups. CONCLUSION: Tear-film disease can affect the transfer function of modulation of the ocular surface.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Fluctuations of intraocular pressure during the day in open-angle glaucoma, normal-tension glaucoma and normal subjects.

PURPOSE: The aim of the present paper is to describe the variations in intraocular pressure (IOP) during the day in normals, in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and in patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). IOP represents one of the most important risk factors for glaucoma. However the IOP value is not constant during the day and IOP fluctuation could influence the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of the glaucomatous disease. METHODS: For this purpose IOP was evaluated every 2 h from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. in one randomized eye of 33 normal subjects, 95 POAG and 50 NTG patients. RESULTS: The results show that the highest IOP values were detectable in the morning in all three groups. The lowest values were found in the early afternoon hours. These variations were most evident in POAG patients. The daily IOP fluctuations were directly proportional to IOP level. CONCLUSION: The study evidents that a single tonometric evaluation, especially if done in the first hours of the afternoon, is not sufficient to correctly evaluate the IOP-related risk in glaucoma patients. If the pressure peaks are important in determining the extent of glaucomatous damage in NTG patients IOP should not have an important role in optic nerve head damage. The use of diurnal curves seems to be mandatory for the assessment of IOP-related risk and of efficiency of the therapeutic approach.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Hematotoxic effects of 3,5-dinitro-4-chloro-alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluorotoluene, a water contaminant.

Three short-term studies of 7, 14, and 21 days, respectively, were made to investigate the nature of the anemia induced in rats by 3,5-dinitro-4-chloro-alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluorotoluene (DNCTT). This compound is an intermediate in the synthesis of dinitroaniline herbicides and was detected as a contaminant of a water-bearing stratum in northern Italy. DNCTT was mixed in a powdered rodent diet at a level of 2000 ppm and administered to Wistar-derived rats. DNCTT was shown to produce a hemolytic anemia of rapid onset; packed cell volume and hemoglobin concentration were decreased at all three treatment periods. Methemoglobin and reticulocyte count were increased in all the treated groups. The relative organ weights of the spleen and the liver were increased compared to those of the control groups. Spleen enlargement was also evident at the macroscopic examination, whereas the liver appearance was normal. Pearl's Prussian blue staining performed on the spleen and liver was highly positive in the spleen of treated rats, but no iron deposition was detected in the liver of treated rats.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The capillary hemangioma of the stomach: an unusual cause of haemorrhage. Case report].

Gastric haemorrhages are common clinical emergencies which often directly involve the surgeon in diagnosis and treatment; among these, rare vascular neoplasms deserve particular attention. The Authors report a rare case of benign vascular tumour of the stomach, a capillary angioma. After a literature review they highlight the importance of specific exams to reveal these small neoformations which, generally, show up clinically with acute bleeding, which may be severe, and which may not be discovered if the clinical evaluation is not very detailed. The surgical excision supported by a frozen sections is the most effective treatment.

Endoscopy, Digestive System↗