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Biomedical subjects

A Madej

Publications and source records attributed to A Madej.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Endocrine profiles and embryo quality in the PMSG-PGF2alpha treated cow.

Plasma progesterone and LH concentrations around estrus were determined for both PMSG treated (experimental animals) and non-treated (control animals) dairy cows and heifers of the Holstein Friesian and Jersey breeds, and these hormone profiles were related to the embryo quality. Most experimental animals experienced an increase in progesterone concentrations following PMSG treatment and an abrupt decrease to values below 3 nmol/l after PG injection. The mean (+/-SE) intervals from prostaglandin treatment to estrus were 46.9+/-1.8 h and 64.5+/-4.8 h for experimental and control animals, respectively. At the onset of heat the progesterone concentration in experimental animals with optimal embryo quality (group I) was significantly lower (p<0.01) than in experimental animals which yielded unfertilized eggs (group II) (1.2+/-0.1 versus 3.9+/-0.8 nmol/l) and significantly higher than the level in the control group (0.6+/-0.1 nmol/l). Following estrus the progesterone profiles in all 3 groups were studied and the length of the superovulatory cycle was measured to 26.0+/-4.8 days. The preovulatory LH surge occurred sooner after prostaglandin injection in experimental (41 h) than in control animals (65 h). The LH surge in group I occurred within a narrow range and reached a higher average level than group II (24.2+/-2.2 ng/ml and 16.3+/-3.7 ng/ml, respectively). The control group attained an even higher LH surge (31.8+/-8.8 ng/ml) than did the experimental animals. The data presented in this experiment indicate that plasma levels of progesterone and LH in PMSG-PGF2alpha treated animals are related to embryo or egg quality.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1982

Progesterone, prostaglandin F-2 alpha, PMSG and oestrone sulphate during early pregnancy in the mare.

Blood samples from 4 mares during the late luteal phase, oestrus, early pregnancy and up to about 150 days of gestation were analysed for 15-keto-13,14-dihydroprostaglandin F-2 alpha (PGFM), progesterone, PMSG and oestrone sulphate by radioimmunoassays. During the late luteal phase, at the time of corpus luteum regression and decreasing progesterone levels, PGFM peaks were recorded. During early pregnancy (i.e. from mating and up to about Day 30) no such peaks were detected. After mating the progesterone levels increased and remained high throughout the observation period. During the oestrous cycle PMSG levels tended to reflect gonadotrophic activity because of high cross-reaction with horse LH and horse FSH. During early pregnancy PMSG levels increased at around Day 40, reaching maximum values between Days 50 and 80, when the blood concentration was 1000 times higher than values during oestrus. Oestrone sulphate concentrations increased about 3-fold during oestrus and about 10-fold at the peak of PMSG. After about Days 70-75 of pregnancy the levels of oestrone sulphate increased further and values of greater than 250 nmol/l were reached around Day 100.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Content of the heavy metals, Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb in the organs of lympholeukemic cows].

Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb contents in liver, spleen and lymph nodes of 30 cows with lymphatic leukemia were determined using polarographic method. In leukemic tissues more or less prominent increase of mentioned metals was observed. Results of the examinations would indicate a partical disappearance of natural antagonism between particular elements in neoplastic tissues. Metals accumulation in leukemic tissue is prabably a secondary phenomenon in relation to virus infection. Alterated by virus physicochemical cell properties promote not only accumulation bat also perversion of heavy metals to tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Radioimmunoassay of LH in blood plasma of farm animals.

A radioimmunoassay technique has been developed for measuring LH in blood plasma of cattle, sheep and pigs, by using an antiserum against bovine LH. Either ovine or bovine LH could be used for labelling and calibration curves in case of these two species, while porcine LH was to be taken in case of pigs. Working range of the calibration curve was 0.3 to 20 ng/ml. The between-assay error ranged from 17 to 7.5% between 1 to 5 ng/ml, the within-assay error from 10 to 4%, respectively. A system of quality control of the assay was developed, based on a series of pretested sera by using the chi-square function.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Plasma levels of LH and prolactin in cows following enucleation of the persistent corpus luteum.

LH and prolactin were measured in plasma of 5 cows before and after enucleation of the persistent corpus luteum. Two cows returned to normal oestrous cycles following enucleation and did not differ from normal, cycling cows, with respect to hormone levels. Three other ones developed follicular cysts following enucleation and had decreased levels of LH and prolaction as compared with cycling cows. On the day of enucleation the fluctuations in LH-levels were higher than either before or after enucleation.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Peripheral plasma levels of lh in the cow throughout the estrous cycle.

Peripheral plasma levels of LH during the bovine estrous cycle were measured in 5 cows and one heifer by using double antibody radioimmunoassay. The sources of variability of basal LH-levels were analyzed in detail. The range of basal levels of LH WAS 0.3--3.5 Ng/ml. Between days 11 and 14 of the cycle the mean daily levels were lower in all cows by about 28% as compared with the remaining parts of the cycle. This did not seem to be directly influenced by changes in progesterone levels. A single peak of LH was observed around estrus. The magnitude of that preovulatory peak varied from 6.7 to 16.0 mg/ml, and lasted only a few hours.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1968

[Results of studies on the use of psychotropic drugs in the treatment of encephalopathies following early childhood brain damage].

Results are reported of three years' experiments on the use of psychotropic drugs in the treatment of 240 encephalopathic children between the ages of 6 and 15 years, who received 322 treatments in the clinic or ambulatory. The authors consider psychotropic drugs a good symptomatic medicament, helping to remove, alleviate or correct symptoms like psychomotor disturbances, distractability of attention, restlessness, tension, anxiety, night enuresis, explosivity, irritability, disturbed sleep etc. Effects of treatment are much better owing to the fact that patients are made more accessible to psychotherapy and psychagogic measures. Chlorpromazine, glutaminic acid and vitamins of the B group were particularly effective in the treatment of motorically excited encephalopaths with a passive attitude towards their surroundings.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Histology of ovaries and uteri and levels of plasma progesterone, oestradiol-17beta and oestrone sulphate during the implantation period in mated and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone-treated mink (Mustela vison) exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls.

Earlier studies have shown that polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) do not prevent ovulation, fertilization and implantation, but exposure of female mink during gestation caused fetal death. To understand this phenomenon, 30 PCB-exposed female mink and 30 controls were mated or induced to ovulate without fertilization by treatment with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and correlations were measured between reproductive, morphological and endocrine parameters. The exposure to PCB (Aroclor 1254) started before ovulation. Equal numbers of animals from each group were killed on days 10, 17 and 26 post-coitum or on GnRH-injection days. Plasma concentrations of progesterone, oestradiol-17beta and oestrone sulphate in sampled blood were then measured. Ovaries, uteri and placentae were examined histologically. Compared with controls, exposure to PCB during the reproductive season resulted in significantly smaller uterine glandular diameters before implantation or at the end of the experiment in both mated and GnRH-treated mink. The GnRH treatment increased the sizes of the ovarian corpora lutea and oesterone sulphate 10 days after treatment but the increase in uterine glandular diameter was significant only in GnRH-treated control animals. Both GnRH-treated and mated PCB-exposed groups displayed a peak in oesterone sulphate concentration that was not observed in any of the control groups. Possible actions of PCB are discussed. The observed histological and hormonal changes in the mated PCB-exposed group did not prevent implantation. Exposure to PCB increased fetal mortality. This effect was associated with an effect on placental development.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transcriptional regulation and biological significance of the insulin like growth factor II gene.

The insulin like growth factors I and II are the most ubiquitous in the mammalian embryo. Moreover they play a pivotal role in the development and growth of tumours. The bioavailability of these growth factors is regulated on a transcriptional as well as on a posttranslational level. The expression of non-signalling receptors as well as binding proteins does further tune the local concentration of IGFs. This paper aims at reviewing how the transcription of the IGF genes is regulated. The biological significance of these control mechanisms will be discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of very high doses of human growth hormone (hGH) on the male reproductive system in the dog.

The effects of very high doses of human growth hormone (hGH), pituitary derived or recombinant methionyl-hGH, on the morphology of reproductive organs and on some hormones in the male dog are described. The studies were part of a toxicological documentation of hGH. A total of 18 male dogs aged 7.5-20.5 months, from four studies were treated subcutaneously with hGH for 20-28 days at dose levels of 3, 10 or 25 IU kg-1 day-1 or 1 IU kg-1 three times weekly. Plasma levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone and prolactin were determined in one study. Organ weighing, macroscopic and histopathologic examinations of male reproductive organs at the end of the treatment period were included in all studies. Treatment with 25 IU kg-1 day-1 resulted in reduction of testis and prostate weights, degeneration of germ cells and epithelial atrophy in the testis, degenerative changes in epididymis and reduced height of the prostatic epithelium. Similar, although less severe morphological changes were observed after treatment with 10 IU kg-1 day-1. Treatment with 25 IU kg-1 day-1 also caused a marked reduction of plasma prolactin, LH and testosterone levels. These results suggest that repeated administration of very high doses of hGH interferes with the hormonal regulation of the testis in the dog.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of astrocytoma cells on secretion of cytokines by autologous lymphocytes].

Immunotherapy is one of the experimental methods used in the treatment of brain tumours. The development of astrocytomas is accompanied by decreased activity of lymphocytes, namely inhibition of mitogen-induced proliferation and decreased cytokine secretion, which is an adverse event in the course of disease. In the present study, astrocytoma cells obtained from human tumours and cocultured with autologous lymphocytes inhibited cytokine secretion by those lymphocytes.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A new immunological marker of atherosclerotic injury of arterial wall.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The atherosclerotic arterial injuries lead to many life threatening vascular incidents. It has been well documented that inflammatory processes play an important role in atherogenesis. Intensive studies are undertaken to find a serum marker of inflammatory reaction correlated with arterial injuries. METHODS: In our study we measured the level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with dyslipidemia IIa and IIb biochemically confirmed. Control estimations were done in age-matched group. Arterial injuries were evaluated as a thickening of complex intima-media in common carotid arteries by means of Doppler ultrasonography. RESULTS: Levels of IL-6 were significantly higher in both groups of patients with dyslipidemia as compared with the healthy control persons (IIa vs control p<0.001, IIb vs control p<0.001). The plasma level of IL-6 is significantly correlated to intima-media complex thickness (r=0.68, p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: We conclude that increase of serum concentration of IL-6 may be related to arterial wall injuries in the course of the most atherogenic lipid disorders.

Adult↗