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Biomedical subjects

A Mai

Publications and source records attributed to A Mai.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Research on antibacterial and antifungal agents. XIII. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 1-arylmethyl-4-aryl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylic acids.

Several 1-arylmethyl-4-aryl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid derivatives have been synthetized and tested as antifungal and antibacterial agents. Reaction between tosylmethylisocyanide (TosMIC) and beta-arylacrylic esters under basic conditions furnished 4-aryl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylic esters, which were then benzylated at 1 position. Alkaline hydrolysis of ethyl 1-arylmethyl-4-aryl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylates afforded the title compounds. All tested derivatives were found to be inactive as antifungal agents. Some of them showed appreciable antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus spp.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

Researches on antibacterial and antifungal agents, X. Synthesis and antifungal activities of 1-(p-methyl-alpha-[4-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]benzyl)azoles and some related products.

The synthesis and antifungal activities against Candida albicans and Candida spp. of some pyrrole analogues of bifonazole are reported. 1-(p-Methyl-alpha-[4-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]benzyl)imidazole was found to be equipotent or sometimes superior to bifonazole and ketoconazole, and lightly inferior to miconazole. Substitution of the imidazole moiety with other azoles retained some activities. No activity was shown when the azole aromatic rings were replaced by the heteroalicyclic ones.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1989

Research on antibacterial and antifungal agents. XI. New antibacterial quinolones related to pirfloxacin.

The synthesis and antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria of some 1-substituted quinolones related to pirfloxacin are reported. Compounds with a benzyl moiety at 1-position were generally found to be less active than the analogues bearing an unsaturated alkyl chain at the same position. Introduction of fluorine or chlorine in the benzyl moiety did not increase the antibacterial activity. All derivatives here reported were inferior to pirfloxacin as regards antibacterial power, but always superior in comparison with nalidixic acid and pipemidic acid against Gram-positive microorganisms.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1989

[5-Aroyl-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]benzodiazepin-4-carboxylic acids: synthesis and analgesic and neurobehavioral activity].

Reaction between 1-(2-aminomethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole hydrochloride and methyl 2-methoxyglicolate in methanol afforded methyl 5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]benzodiazepin-4-carboxylate. Aroylation at the 5-position and subsequent hydrolysis of the ester function led to 5-aroyl-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]benzodiazepin-4-ca rboxylic acids. The pharmacological profile of these acids has been studied with regard to analgesic, antiinflammatory and neuropsychobehavioural effects.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1987

[Results of computed tomographic diagnosis in the grading of acute pancreatitis].

By means of computed tomography, it is possible to classify cases of acute pancreatitis into four grades of severity with reasonable accuracy: oedematous, sero-exudative, haemorrhagic-necrotic and abscess formation. Necrotic pancreatic tissue can be differentiated from normal tissue by means of dynamic computed tomography with a high degree of accuracy and the organ can be demarcated more clearly. Of 230 patients with acute pancreatitis, 89 were treated surgically. Correlation between the CT classification and surgical findings was achieved in 83% of the cases in the three serious grades. In 86 patients (96.6%, necrosis was correctly diagnosed. The problems that arise when trying to differentiate between the haemorrhagic-necrotic form and abscess formation are discussed, particularly when there is an absence of gas in the latter type.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

[Antibacterial and antifungal compounds. VIII. Synthesis and antifungal activity of pyrrol derivatives similar to trichostatin A].

Some p-methylbenzolpyrrole acrylic acids and related compounds were synthesized. The new pyrrole derivatives have structural features in common with trichostatin A, an antifungal antibiotic. The above acids and derivatives were tested against Candida albicans and Candida sp in comparison with miconazole, pyrrolnitrin and amphotericin B and showed very weak antifungal activities. Occasionally some activity was found against a few strains of Candida albicans and against Candida pseudotropicalis.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1980

[In vitro maturation of reticulocytes. Behavior of RNA and inorganic pyrophosphatase].

A simple system of incubation of reticulocytes with a small degree of haemolysis has been developed. It was possible to test the influence of inorganic phosphate, pH-values in the range of 7.0--9.0 and anaerobic conditions on the in vitro maturation of reticulocytes. As main criteria of the maturation the RNA-content and the activity of PPase has been tested. The decrease of the RNA-content and the activity of the PPase is highly significant during maturation. The decrease of RNA and the reduction of reticulocytes are stimulated by inorganic phosphate.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiology of alveolar echinococcosis in southern Germany (Bavaria).

Alveolar echinococcosis is considered to be the most dangerous endemic parasitic disease for man in Central Europe. In Germany, unlike the neighbouring countries of Switzerland, Austria and France, only limited data on the prevalence and incidence of echinococcosis are available. Therefore, a retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in order to investigate the epidemiology of echinococcosis in Bavaria, one of the two southern states of Germany. A standardised questionnaire was sent to all hospitals in Bavaria requesting information about patients seen from 1985 to 1989. In a second step a team of reviewers was sent to all relevant hospitals for active case finding in hospital statistics and medical records. A total of 216 patients with echinococcosis were detected of whom 58 had alveolar echinococcosis. According to these data, the prevalence in Bavaria was calculated to be 0.5 per 100,000 inhabitants with peak values in the counties of Swabia (2.4) and Upper Bavaria (0.6). The annual mean incidence of newly diagnosed cases amounted to 0.03 per 100,000. The distribution of prevalence in man was closely correlated to the infection rates in foxes throughout Bavaria (p < 0.05). Farmers are the occupational group with the highest risk to acquire echinococcosis with a prevalence/odds ratio of 14.6 for Swabia and 8.8 for Upper Bavaria, when compared to the general rural population.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Area effects of bednet use in a malaria-endemic area in Papua New Guinea.

Relationships between area coverage with insecticide-free bednets and prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum were investigated in 7 community-based surveys over a 33-month period in 1990-93 in 6 villages in the Wosera area of Papua New Guinea. Spatial patterns in circumsporozoite rates for P. falciparum, P. vivax isomorphs K210 and K247, and P. malariae, and the proportions of mosquito blood meals positive for specific human, goat, cat, dog and pig antigens were determined using ELISAs. P. falciparum prevalence in humans was better explained by bednet coverage in the immediate vicinity than by personal protection alone. Circumsporozoite rates for both P. falciparum and P. vivax were also inversely related to coverage with bednets. There was some increase in zoophagy in areas with high coverage, but relatively little effect on the human blood index or on overall mosquito densities. In this setting, protracted use of untreated bednets apparently reduces sporozoite rates, and the associated effects on prevalence are greater than can be accounted for by personal protection. Even at high bednet coverage most anophelines feed on human hosts, so the decreased sporozoite rates are likely to be largely due to reduction of mosquito survival. This finding highlights the importance of local vector ecology for outcomes of bednet programmes and suggests that area effects of untreated bednets should be reassessed in other settings.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computer technology and the surgeon: what the resident needs to know.

BACKGROUND: Computer technology is now a well established resource in medicine and medical sciences. Surgery in developed countries has taken great advantage of this resource. This review is intended to highlight important aspects of computers in surgery and also encourages surgeons in Nigeria to acquaint themselves with its influences. METHODS: Publications from local and international journals as well as standard surgical texts were reviewed. RESULTS: The role of computers in surgery spans the areas of patient care, training, research, communication as well as surgical administration. Though a compliment to the surgeon, it has its problems including overwhelming information requiring careful scrutiny; computer fraud, hacking and viruses; copyright laws; the 'threat' of a well-informed patient population; and the risk of over dependence. Surgery in Nigeria and most of African is yet to maximize its benefits. CONCLUSION: The application of computers in surgery will in the near future make surgical knowledge and practice become more simplified and less time with increased productivity will be required even for highly technical procedures.

Attitude to Computers↗