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Biomedical subjects

A Maillard

Publications and source records attributed to A Maillard.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Pharmacokinetics of salicylates in elderly.

In order to study changes in the pharmacokinetics of salicylates in old people, we used two groups of inpatients without hepatic or renal impairment: the first comprised 15 patients more than 65 years old, mean age 77 years; the second, 7 patients of mean age 21 years. Each patient was given 1 g of acetylsalicylic acid orally in the morning while fasting. Blood samples were subsequently taken after 30, 60 and 90 min and 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 24 h. Fluorimetric assay results were analyzed kinetically with a mathematical model corresponding to a single diffusion compartment model. The results showed only a slight increase in the absorption half-time in old subjects, and a marked increase in elimination half-time (3.71 and 2.38 h in old and young subjects, respectively; t = 2.33: p less than 0.05) and in the volume of distribution (5.51 and 3.83 liters respectively; t = 3.20: p less than 0.1). On the other hand, bioavailability varied little, as did metabolic clearance. This study confirms that intestinal absorption of this drug is not much impaired in old people, while hepatic and/or renal elimination functions are changed. This finding agrees with results found for aminopyrine, antipyrine, and digoxin.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Interaction of salicyl compounds and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents: pharmacokinetic study of phenylbutazone-aspirin combination in man].

The pharmacodynamic interaction between phenybutazone and aspirin was studied in 9 patients. The levels of phenylbutazone were estimated by gas-chromatography and verified by mass-spectrometry. When phenylbutazone was administered together with salicylates a decrease in the bioavailability of phenylbutazone was demonstrated, but there was no significant variation in the absorption and elimination constants or in the half-life. The variations were much less than those observed with other nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs (indometacine, naproxen, fenoprofen). These interactions must be taken into account in the long-term treatment of cases of inflammatory rheumatism.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland.

BACKGROUND: Primary lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland is a rare tumor with an increased incidence among Eskimos and Orientals. We reviewed our experience with parotid lymphoepithelial carcinoma and investigated its pathophysiology and possible association with Epstein-Barr virus. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of records of patients diagnosed with lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland. RESULTS: We identified two women of Hispanic origin diagnosed with primary lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland. In one of the cases, the carcinoma was intimately associated with a benign lymphoepithelial lesion. In both cases, there was no demonstration of Epstein-Barr virus. CONCLUSION: Primary lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland may arise from malignant transformation of a benign lymphoepithelial lesion.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Teratomas of the head and neck.

Teratomas of the head and neck are uncommon. They are composed of tissues from all three germ layers with varying degrees of differentiation. They arise from pluripotent stem cells and ectopic embryonic nongerm cells. Head and neck teratomas most commonly emerge during the neonatal period and are associated with airway obstruction and high rates of mortality in untreated patients. The tumors are usually benign, but when found during adulthood, they have a high incidence of malignancy. The most common site of occurrence is the cervical region and the nasopharynx. We presented a rare case of teratoma originating from the base of the tongue. This case is an example of the development of teratoma by pinching off of remnants of the three germinal areas, which become marginated in the normal migratory pathway as the different structures of the head and neck develop. The remnants developed into the predetermined organ systems, giving rise to the heterotopic tissues encountered. The recommended treatment for head and neck teratomas is surgical excision. When a patient is experiencing respiratory difficulty, establishment of an airway is a priority.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prophylactic antiretroviral therapy after sexual exposure to HIV: 93 cases].

PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied prospectively the feasibility of post exposure prophylaxis against HIV in 93 subjects consulting after sexual exposure at STD Center of Hopital Saint-Louis. Among the 93 subjects, 76 were men (45 homosexual) and 17 women. RESULTS: Delay to consultation was 38 h. Among sexual exposure 90 p. 100 were anal or vaginal intercourse and 10 p. 100 oral intercourse. Fifty percent were unprotected. Seventy-five percent of source subject HIV status was unknown, but controlled negative in 14 p. 100 of cases. Three subjects were infected initially. Seventy-two subjects were treated, with triple regimen, for 30 days without severe adverse event. Twenty-five percent were lost to follow up before the end of treatment, only 54 controlled their serology after the end of treatment (after 1 month: 70 p. 100, after 2 months: 51 p. 100 and after 4-6 months: 13 p. 100). DISCUSSION: This study underlines the difficulty in obtaining clinical and serological control after post exposure prophylaxis, even in a STD Department involved in prevention and counseling.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗