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Biomedical subjects

A Mallik

Publications and source records attributed to A Mallik.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Clinical features and mental development of a child with a prenatally identified 45,XX,der(5)t(5;18) (p15;q11.2),-18 karyotype.

We present the clinical features and growth and development of a child with a 45,XX,der(5)t(5;18) (p15;q11.2),-18 karyotype. She had microcephaly, prominent, posteriorly rotated ears, short palpebral fissures with an upward slant, a wide nasal bridge, a thin upper lip, and a short neck. In addition, she had complex congenital heart disease. Although there has been delay in growth and development, she has shown progress in both areas.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1996

Impending malunions of the hand. Treatment of subacute, malaligned fractures.

Malunions of the hand present a challenging problem to the orthopaedic surgeon. Angular and rotational deformities, and shortening and articular incongruity, can lead to significant functional impairment or dysesthetic appearance. The prevention of malunion should remain a primary goal. When displaced fractures of the metacarpals or phalanges present within the first or second weeks, properly performed closed or open reduction with percutaneous pinning or internal fixation are excellent options with predictable results. Malaligned fractures that present later frequently cannot be readily reduced. Once fully united, treatment options have included corrective osteotomy if function is significantly impaired or if appearance is objectionable; for patients who are not suitable for surgery for medical or other reasons, or for whom appearance is acceptable, intensive occupational therapy to maximize function may yield sufficiently serviceable clinical results. During the past several years, the senior author (BL) has chosen to be more proactive in the prevention of malunions of the hand. In the authors' experience, results of aggressive surgical treatment of subacute, malaligned fractures in selected patients have produced results comparable with or superior to those reported for later reconstructive procedures. With the proliferation of managed care, there has been an increasing frequency of delayed referral patterns for fracture treatment by hand specialists. Definitive treatment of these "impending malunions" is preferable to passive treatment delay and secondary reconstructive procedures, offering both earlier correction of alignment and earlier opportunity for return of function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Differences between chronic schizophrenic patients in the hospital and in the community.

Clinical differences between stable, chronic schizophrenic patients with long stays in the hospital and schizophrenic patients living in the community were investigated. Patients were matched for age, gender, and diagnosis. Hospitalized patients had more severe thought disorder and negative symptoms, and those in the community had a significantly higher incidence of depression and anxiety. The community-based patients were also receiving higher doses of neuroleptic drugs and had a higher incidence and severity of extra-pyramidal side effects. Results suggest that living in the community, despite its obvious benefits, may have its price in terms of the distressing effects of affective symptoms and neuroleptic side effects.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnosis and treatment of post-cholecystectomy syndrome].

The authors analyse the results of examination of 154 patients who were admitted for the postcholecystectomy syndrome, 130 of them underwent retrograde cholangiopancreatography. The most common cause of the postcholecystectomy syndrome was residual or recurrent choledocholithiasis (38.5%), stricture of the major duodenal papilla or terminal part of the choledochus (34.6%). Treatment of the syndrome was differentiated and three methods were applied: operative--43 patients, endoscopic--45 patients, and combined--3 patients. Nasobiliary drainage was conducted in 63 patients in preparation for a surgical or endoscopic operation. Indications for the use of different methods of treatment are shown. With the use of the endoscopic techniques and combination of laparoscopic and endoscopic methods of surgical treatment, the number of laparotomies in patients with the postcholecystectomy syndrome reduced by one half and the operative intervention became less injurious.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The treatment of early cancer of the corpus uteri.

This paper analyses the results of post-operative radiotherapy in 256 cases of cancer of the corpus uteri. Myometrial invasion by tumour was shown to be significantly related to histological grading (p less than 0.001) as it was to recurrence rates (p less than 0.025). By placing patients into one of three subsets according to the depth of myometrial invasion, survival was sufficiently different for each subset to validate their use, not only for prognostic purposes but to determine the type of radiotherapy indicated. Radiotherapy was given as either local intravaginal treatment using an obturator loaded with 60Co or by a combination of this and external beam teletherapy. The value of using radiotherapy to treat the whole pelvis as opposed to treating only the vaginal tissues was significant (p less than 0.01) in terms of local disease control for the deep myometrial invasive group. In terms of survival, external beam therapy was of benefit for all three subsets, i.e. superficial, not more than half and more than half myometrial invasion. A planned approach to post-operative radiotherapy was significantly better for the series as a whole compared to previous ad hoc approaches (p less than 0.01). The treatment methods used did not produce unacceptable morbidity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders among school children of Delhi.

BACKGROUND: Iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs) are an important cause of mental handicap and poor educability of children. Though Delhi does not lie in the classical Himalayan goitre belt, it has been shown that IDD was endemic in Delhi. Studies of school children in Delhi reported a total goitre rate of 55% which indicates severe endemicity. The sale of uniodized salt has been banned in Delhi since July 1989. This study was done five years later to assess the impact of this measure on IDD prevalence in Delhi. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was done among class VI students studying in government schools of Delhi. A complete list of government middle schools in Delhi was obtained and 30 were selected on the basis of 'probability proportion to size'. A sample size of 1200 was decided based on an expected prevalence of 50% with 5% error and design effect of three. All children in class VI of each school were clinically examined by a trained doctor for the presence of goitre and casual urine samples were collected in capped plastic tubes. The urinary iodine estimation was done by the wet ashing method. RESULTS: The total goitre rate was 20.5%. If the results were limited to children in the age group of 10-12 years it was 19.7%. The urinary iodine was less than the recommended 100 micrograms/L of urine in 23.6% of the children; 7.6% had no iodine in the urine. It is possible that some children could have substituted water in place of urine. The median urinary iodine level was 198 micrograms/L of urine. CONCLUSION: The study showed that IDD continues to be prevalent in mild endemic proportions. Compared to the results of previous surveys, the IDD rates have declined in the last few years. However, it continues to be an important public health problem in Delhi. It is essential to monitor the iodine content of salt on a regular basis. IDD control activities should be strengthened in Delhi and repeat surveys should be done every 3-5 years to monitor the progress achieved in eliminating IDD.

Child↗