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Biomedical subjects

A Mandal

Publications and source records attributed to A Mandal.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Physical growth pattern for girls (9-17 yr) from rural West Bengal.

With a view to assessing the growth pattern, a cross-sectional study was made on 656 Indian Bengalee girls (aged 9-17 yr) of the lower and middle class families of rural West Bengal. The mean height and weight of the Bengalee girls were found to gradually increase up to the age of 17. The average age at menarche was 13 yr and the girls aged 13 yr (currently) reached 98 per cent of height and 83 per cent of weight, as compared to 17 yr old girls. The subjects were found to have heights and weights comparable with the American population while they were shorter and lighter than their British counterparts. On comparison with reported figures for girls of other Indian states, all the physical parameters were found to be almost identical at the age of 17 except for girls of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Bengalee girls studied by us were taller than their peers (in an earlier longitudinal study) up to 14 yr of age, but were similar at later ages. Bengalee girls in the present study were shorter and lighter as compared to the Indian norms for girls from higher socio-economic group, but were taller and heavier than those from the low socio-economic groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

A PMA degrading constitutive organomercurial lyase in a broad-spectrum mercury resistant Bacillus pasteurii strain DR2.

A broad-spectrum Hg-resistant strain of B. pasteurii DR2 utilized phenylmercuric acetate (PMA) as sole source of carbon. This bacterial strain contained a constitutive organomercurial lyase which specifically degraded PMA but not other organo-mercurials. This PMA-lyase activity was also stimulated to different extents when this bacterial strain was grown in presence of different organic compounds as sole source of carbon.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1990

Biochemical composition of washed human seminal coagulum in comparison to sperm-free semen from the same donors.

Intra-individual inter-ejaculate variations in the amounts of protein, fructose, N-acetylamino sugar, phosphate, sialic acid and amino sugar in washed coagulum from normal ejaculates of men were highly consistent (N = 9). All the prostatic components studied (acid phosphatase, zinc, calcium and citric acid), except zinc, in the washed coagulum were reduced by 90% of their values in semen (N = 5). The seminal vesicular markers (fructose, N-acetylamino sugar and phosphate) had no association with the coagulum structure and represented the soluble components (N = 5). The concentrations of protein and zinc in the coagulum were higher than those of semen by 114% and 32% respectively. The coagulum contained sialic acid and amino sugar as integrated components.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

In vivo assessment of 111In-labeled hematoporphyrin derivative in breast tumor-bearing animals.

The biological behavior of 111In-labeled HPD has been investigated in tumor-bearing animals. Mice mammary adenocarcinomas and 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracine induced breast tumors in Sprague-Dawley female rats were clearly visualized by 111In-HPD nuclear scintigraphy. Optimal scans were obtained after a 48 h delay. In normal and tumor-bearing animals, the highest uptake of 111In-HPD 72 h post-injection was found in the liver, the spleen and the kidneys. Depending on the size and the extent of necrosis, the uptake of 111In-HPD by malignant breast tumors varied from 2.5% injected dose (ID) (range 0.14-5.3% ID) in mice to 1% (range 0.22-8.1% ID) in rats. Benign breast tumor uptake of 111In-HPD was less than 1% ID. No significant amount of the radiopharmaceutical was found in pulmonary abscesses and abdominal cysts (less than 0.1% ID). Scintigrams of these infectious or inflammatory lesions were normal. Malignant tumor to blood, heart and lung ratios averaged 50:1, 10:1 and 3:1 respectively. Tumor to brain ratio ranged from 72 to 444:1.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1989

Hypothermia in the elderly: sociomedical characteristics and outcome of 86 patients.

A comprehensive retrospective study analysing the case records of 86 hypothermic elderly patients who were treated according to a standard protocol in our department between 1980 and 1985 is presented. Hypothermia was found to occur not only in the frail, demented and disabled elderly men and women, but also in apparently healthy elderly individuals living with their families and in rest homes (40%). The level of consciousness was not related to the degree of hypothermia but to the underlying pathology. There was no correlation between the severity of hypothermia and mortality. Fatality was less among the group receiving substantial services, but the overall mortality within 48 hours was 36%. Early detection improved survival. Eleven per cent had recurrence of hypothermia and 90% of those who survived hypothermia died within one year. Prolonged duration of hypothermia, high levels of neutrophilia, blood urea and amylase, cardiac arrhythmias and impairment of consciousness were found to be associated with high mortality.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Cadmium resistance in some members of Enterobacteriaceae.

Strains of members of Enterobacteriaceae, namely Escherichia coli (18), Klebsiella aerogenes (16), and Serratia marcescens (16) were screened for Cd resistance or sensitivity. Only one strain each of these was resistant to high levels (25 n moles/0.05 ml) CdCl2. The Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of sensitive strains ranged from 0.8-5 micrograms/ml. All the resistant strains were simultaneously resistant to a number of antibiotics. Treatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate eliminated resistance to Cd and to some antibiotics.

Cadmium↗
PubMed1989

Glycerylphosphorylcholine levels in the coagulational groups of human ejaculates.

The amount of coagulum present in fresh ejaculates of men (among infertile couple) varied directly with the levels of seminal glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC; P less than 0.001), which is secreted predominantly by the epididymis. GPC concentrations (mg/ml) of the normally and poorly coagulating ejaculates revealed close similarities with those of the presumably fertile (1.72 +/- 0.10) and infertile semen (1.13 +/- 0.08) respectively. The study suggests that the degree of coagulation of human ejaculates may be correlated with epididymal function.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Influence of age and splanchnic nerve on the action of melatonin in the adrenomedullary catecholamine content and blood glucose level in the avian group.

A single intraperitoneal (IP) melatonin injection (0.5 mg/100 g body wt.) caused an increase in norepinephrine (NE) fluorescence and elevation of NE content in newly-hatched pigeons (Columba livia), but a reduction of NE fluorescence and depletion of NE content in the adrenal medulla of newly-hatched crows (Corvus splendens) after 0.5 h of treatment. In contrast, in adults melatonin caused increase in NE fluorescence and elevation of NE content only in the parakeet (Psittacula krameri). Half an hour of IP melatonin treatment (0.5 mg/100 g body wt.) induced release of epinephrine (E) from the adrenal medulla of newly-hatched pigeon and parakeet. In contrast, in the adults melatonin caused more than a two-fold increase in E in the pigeon, and a significant increase in the crow. Single IP melatonin injection (0.5 mg/100 g body wt.) caused hypoglycemia in the newly-hatched parakeet and adult pigeon, and hyperglycemia in newly-hatched pigeon after 0.5 h of treatment. Melatonin failed to regulate glucose homoeostasis in newly-hatched and adult crow. Splanchnic denervation of the left adrenal gland was performed in the adult pigeon. The right adrenal served as the innervated gland. Melatonin-induced modulation of catecholamines following a single IP injection (0.5 mg/100 g body wt.) revealed significant increases in NE fluorescence and NE content at 4 and 12 h after treatment in the denervated gland only, which gradually approached normal levels 9 days after treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1988

Elimination of mercury, cadmium and antibiotic resistance from Acinetobacter lwoffi and Micrococcus sp. at high temperature.

Resistance determinants for HgCl2 and CdCl2 were eliminated along with a number of antibiotic resistance factors from Acinetobacter lwoffi and Micrococcus sp. at 44 degrees C. These organisms were orginally resistant to HgCl2, merbromin, CdCl2, Pb(NO3)2, benzylpenicillin, erythromycin, carbenicillin, tetracycline and sulfadiazine. Four different types of mutants from A. lwoffi (type I to IV) and one type of mutant from Micrococcus sp. (type V) were obtained, depending on the loss of particular resistance factors for HgCl2, merbromin, CdCl2 and antibiotics. In general, frequency of elimination of all the missing markers was very low (in the range of 10(-3) per bacterium). However, the missing determinants did not revert spontaneously.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1988

Differences in osmolality, pH, buffering capacity, superoxide dismutase and maintenance of sperm motility in human ejaculates according to the degree of coagulation.

The purpose of this study was to compare various seminal plasma parameters in fresh human ejaculates exhibiting different amounts of coagulum. Poorly coagulating samples demonstrated significantly lower osmolality and buffering capacity but had a higher pH than did samples with good coagulation. However, no correlation was obtained between the activity of superoxide dismutase and the amount of coagulum. Eight hours after ejaculation, sperm motility had decreased by 15 and 80% in samples with good and poor coagulation, respectively. It is suggested that subfertility may be associated with poor coagulation of ejaculates.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Biochemical parameters of slowly liquefying human ejaculates.

Abnormality in liquefaction of human semen is associated with poor scoring in postcoital tests and may lead to subfertility. A relative study on the seminal plasma characteristics of slowly and normally liquefying human ejaculates has been made. A multitude of seminal vesicular and prostatic components in the seminal plasma of eight slow-liquefying ejaculates from 4 men were compared with ten normally liquefying ejaculates from different healthy volunteers. For 60% liquefaction, the time taken by these two types of ejaculates was 46 and 7 min, respectively. The levels of the components that are mainly secreted by the seminal vesicles were similar in both the groups. But all the prostatic components demonstrated significantly (p less than 0.001) decreased levels in the slow-liquefying group from those in the group being compared. It was concluded that relative decrease in the prostatic activity with respect to that of the seminal vesicles appears to be the cause of slow-liquefaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Retroperitoneal fibrosis due to tuberculosis, Aldomet and Daonil.

Two cases of retroperitoneal fibrosis are discussed. The first patient was a known hypertensive and diabetic and had been on Aldomet and Daonil for a long time. The second patient was a tuberculotic and is improving on antitubercular therapy. Retroperitoneal fibrosis due to the above-mentioned drugs and tuberculosis are relatively unknown.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Phosphate, zinc, calcium, citric acid, and acid phosphatase in human ejaculates as related to coagulation/liquefaction.

Variations in the coagulation-liquefaction property of human seminal coagula have rarely been correlated to their ingredients. A number of seminal components were evaluated in relation to the degree of coagulation and the liquefaction time of human ejaculates. Correlation analyses suggested that the vesicular coagulatory activity can better be assessed by the phosphate level rather than the fructose and N-acetylamino sugar levels. The results showed that the fresh ejaculates with a smaller amount of coagulum possess significantly higher prostatic but lower vesicular activities in comparison with that of the better coagulating samples. The study also revealed that liquefaction time-based fractionation of the whole ejaculate seems to give an idea about the origin of some seminal components like split ejaculation technique. It was concluded that the material characteristics of human ejaculate can be approximated simply by determining its degree of coagulation or liquefaction time.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

Relationship between the coagulation-liquefaction property of human ejaculates and their volume, sperm count and motility.

In ejaculates from selected infertile couples, the degree of coagulation revealed significant positive correlations with liquefaction time, sperm count and motility, but negative correlation with semen volume. Comparison of presumptively fertile and infertile ejaculates also showed significant variations in their amount of coagulum and liquefaction time. The study suggested a possible relationship between the coagulation-liquefaction property of human ejaculates and their semen quality.

Adult↗