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Biomedical subjects

A Mauri

Publications and source records attributed to A Mauri.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Sexually transmitted infections in patients with condylomata acuminata].

42 patients (26 males, 16 females) with genital and perianal warts were submitted to serological testing for HBV markers, anti HSV antibodies and syphilis. Specimens were also collected for microscopic and cultural examination for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia Trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida albicans and other pathogenic bacteria from urethra in men and from urethra, vagina and cervix in women. Women had also cytologic examination from cervix with Papanicolau method. We have found an high incidence of urethral and vaginal asymptomatic infections, of positivity for HBV markers and some positivities of tests for syphilis. Importance of these screening examinations in the management of patients with genital warts is then discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Identification of staphylococci of clinical importance: evaluation of available commercial kits and technical notes on the reduction of response time and cost of performance].

A study was carried out on 150 strains of staphylococci of human origin in order to evaluate the possibility of achieving identification that is accurate, swift and perhaps economical, with the following aims in mind: a) the testing of fast systems for the detection of coagulase of Staphyslide and Sero Stat compared with classical coagulase in a test tube with EDTA and citrate; b) the evaluation of the API Staph system by comparing identification obtained through subculturing the strains in agar P, as suggested by manufacturers, with those that have been streaked directly with material on triptose agar. All the experiments were carried out in both laboratories and in double blindness. The strains of Staphylococcus aureus were 88, 90 and 98% respectively, identified by the Staphyslide, Sero Stat and coagulase in a test tube. The same results were obtained by greatly reducing the amount of the kits reactive substance. The facts show that system can take place in the microbiological laboratory to improve screening processes. The API Staph system identified 96% of all the strains and 89% of negative coagulase. The methods used to identify through primary culture in triptose are mirrored with subculture from agar P. Using this medium to streak urine, one can expect to prepare the recognition of the isolated strains the day before.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1979

[Annual usage in a general hospital of antimicrobials and frequency of resistant bacterial strains (author's transl)].

The data concerning annual usage in a general hospital and the frequency of resistant bacterial strains, isolated from patients with urinary tract's infection from 1975 to 1977 were collected and statistically processed. It was noticed that the year by year variation of resistance were mainly confined to E. coli and P. mirabilis. Increasing resistance with time was found for E. coli with Co-trimoxazole, P. mirabilis with Cephaloridin and Gentamicin, Proteus indole-positive with Rifampicin. Reducing resistance with time was found for E. coli with Colistin and Rifampicin, and Klebsiella-Enterobacter with Rifampicin. Trende with usage were found for E. coli and Klebsiella-Enterobacter with Rifampicin (decreasing) and P. mirabilis with Cephalorin (increasing). Naturally, none of the above trends imply cause and effect.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

Venotonic activity of escin on the human saphenous vein.

The venotonic effects of escin on the human saphenous vein have been evaluated in vitro on histologically normal venous segments obtained during surgical saphenectomy procedures. It is necessary to use the human preparations because of the great variability in the responses of the veins of different species. By using a standard stimulus and fitting the experimental data to the logistic function, we were able to compare the activity of escin with those of the commonly used venotonic agents. Stimulation with escin always induced an increase in venous tone which was constant for a given dose and stable for some time, and maintained for as long as an hour after removal of the substance from the bath. The maximum contraction obtained with escin was similar to those obtained with serotonin and dihydroergotamine, significantly greater than that obtained with acetylcholine or vasopressin. However, the affinity of escin was found to be lower than those of the other substances studied. An increase in venous tone, and therefore a decrease in the volume of the venous district, would be considered a very favorable result to be obtained with a drug which, like escin, is indicated for treatment of venous diseases leading to irreversible dilation.

Escin↗
PubMed1978

[Epicutaneous electrical recording for immediate diagnosis of the site of intestinal occlusions and subocclusions].

64 patients have been studied by means of an original abdominal epicutaneous electric recording technique. Cases of intestinal paralysis did not show up waves of particular importance while cases of intestinal occlusion showed waves of three basic types. A close relationship was found between types of waves and occlusion localization. The physiopathological and clinical implications of this diagnostic approach are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Acute hepatic failure and renal damage. Experimental and clinical studies].

Renal damage in acute hepatic failure induced in the pig by means of an hepatic state, temporary or permanent devascularisation Amanita phalloides poisoning or orthotopic liver transplant proved of slight degree, particularly in animals treated with replacement therapy. In the cases of animals that died in acute hepatic coma, on the other hand, renal cortex ischaemia and marked medullary congestion were constant. Histologically, the damage consisted of slight tubular nephrosis; this was more apparent in the proximal tubules. Evaluation of renal damage in 38 patients with acute hepatic failure was more complicated owing to the variety of clinical conditions (level of coma, hypovolaemia, intensive care and hepatic assistance). Nevertheless, a clear relation was established between the degree of liver damage and blood creatinine and creatinine clearance values. All patients who died presented liver cell necrosis of over 75%, blood creatinine values of more than 2 mg/100 ml, and less than 50 ml/min clearance. Tubular nephrosis was the predominant lesion. It appeared that renal damage was primarily pre-renal. No signs of a true hepatorenal syndrome could be made out.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hypothalamic modulation of immunoreactive oxytocin in the rat thymus.

Immunoreactive oxytocin was determined in a peptidic extract of rat thymus by means of a highly specific radioimmunoassay combined with high pressure liquid chromatography fractionation. Rat thymus was found to contain 80 +/- 7.5 pg/g wet tissue (congruent to 0.56 pg/mg protein) of oxytocin-like immunoreactivity, which behaved like synthetic oxytocin in the radioimmunoassay and in two different high pressure liquid chromatography columns. Oxytocin concentration was increased by bilateral electrolytic lesion of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), and by high doses of corticosterone (10 mg/kg IM for 7 days) but was not modified by low doses of corticosterone (1 mg/kg IM for 7 days) or by hypophysectomy. The results suggest that rat thymus synthesizes oxytocin and that thymic oxytocin concentration is modulated by the hypothalamus.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characterization of DNA primary sequences by a new similarity/diversity measure based on the partial ordering.

The similarity/diversity measures play a fundamental role in library searching, virtual screening, and quantitative structure-activity relationship/quantitative structure-property relationship modeling as well as in genomics and proteomics. In this paper, a new similarity/diversity measure is proposed as a new approach for the analysis of sequential data, where useful information can be also obtained by the ordering relationships between the sequence elements. This methodology can be applied for evaluating molecular similarity/diversity, using sets of sequential descriptors, and for evaluating the similarity between spectra, sensor arrays, and other sequential data such as DNA and protein sequences. The new proposed distance (weighted standardized Hasse distance) is evaluated between pairs of Hasse matrices derived from the classical partial-ordering rules. It can be naturally standardized, thus allowing the interpretation of these distances as absolute values (e.g., percentage) and deriving simple similarity and correlation indices. A simple example is taken to highlight the behavior of the new similarity/diversity measure on DNA sequences taken from the first exons of the beta-globins for eight different species. Sensitivity analysis has been also performed, showing the high capability of this measure to take into account small modifications of the DNA sequences. Finally, a comparison with results obtained from the literature is given, together with a comparison with matrix invariants derived from the Hasse matrix.

Base Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Stress mediators in the amniotic compartment in relation to the degree of fetal distress.

In an attempt to locate biochemical markers specific for fetal distress we measured the amniotic concentrations of beta-endorphin, ACTH, cortisol, dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine with its major metabolite metanephrine (MN) in pregnancies with documented fetal well-being and pregnancies complicated by hypertension and fetal distress. While higher levels of cortisol and MN were found only in a selected subgroup of highly compromised subjects (p < 0.001 and p < 0.005, respectively), beta-endorphin increased significantly under conditions of moderate or severe intrauterine sufferance (p < 0.001 in both cases). Due to higher levels of the opioid even during the initial stage of fetal discomfort we evaluated its characteristics as a possible clinical marker. Specificity was 88.5%, whereas the sensitivity of 65.6% in the moderately compromised subgroup increased to 88.9% in severely suffering fetuses. Although more accurate and mainly real-time information on the fetal health status is obtained by means of biophysical methods, the determination of amniotic fluid beta-endorphin might be of clinical usefulness in prenatal diagnosis.

Adolescent↗