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Biomedical subjects

A Mautone

Publications and source records attributed to A Mautone.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Planar myocardial scintigraphy with technetium-99m-sestamibi in acute myocardial infarct treated with thrombolytic therapy].

BACKGROUND: Nuclear cardiology permits the estimation of the myocardial infarction size and the result of the thrombolytic therapy. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the feasibility of the planar myocardial scintigraphy with Technetium-99-m-sestamibi in the coronary intensive care unit for the early identification of the infarct size and the result of the thrombolytic therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We considered 10 patients affected by a first myocardial infarction (5 anterior and 5 inferior wall) then treated with thrombolytic therapy (APSAC 30 U. iv) within an interval of 3 hours from the onset of the symptoms. Technetium-99-m-sestamibi was injected before the thrombolytic therapy and the planar imaging was registered after 2-3 hours with a mobile gamma-camera. After 24 hours and before patient discharge we repeated the scintigraphic evaluation. Within 24 hours from the thrombolytic therapy the coronary angiography was performed for the demonstration of patency of the infarct-related artery. The left ventricle myocardial perfusion was divided in the 3 planar projections into 13 segments. The perfusion in each segment was evaluated with a perfusion score: 0 = normal perfusion, 1 = moderately reduced, 2 = severely reduced, 3 = absent. The sum of the hypoperfused segments represented the infarct size. A perfusion score improvement greater than 40% was considered a marker of reperfusion. RESULTS: The infarct size involved 4.4 +/- 1.4 segments in the anterior and 2 +/- 0.6 segments in the inferior wall infarctions (p < 0.05). The scintigraphic imaging made 24 hours after the myocardial infarction allowed the diagnosis of coronary reperfusion in 7 patients. The coronary angiography demonstrated the infarct related artery patency in 9 patients (all with TIMI perfusion score = 3). The nuclear imaging at patient discharge provided the diagnosis or reperfusion in 8 cases and demonstrated an improvement of the myocardial perfusion score in 5 cases. CONCLUSION: The scintigraphic imaging with Technetium-99-m-sestamibi in the patients with a myocardial infarction treated with thrombolytic therapy is feasible with a mobile gamma-camera in the intensive coronary care unit. The quality of planar imaging is good and allows the evaluation of myocardial infarct size and efficiency of thrombolytic therapy. An earlier scintigraphic imaging should be taken into consideration for a more timely non-invasive evaluation of patients who need coronary angiography and, if necessary, a rescue PTCA.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Development of melanoma throughout two close pregnancies. Case report.

Primary melanoma is the most malignant and the least frequent of all cutaneous tumors. Its incidence in pregnancy varies from 0.1 to 2.8/1000. Up to today, impact of pregnancy on melanoma's course is still a much debated question in the literature. Some earlier reports suggested a particularly serious prognosis for melanoma associated with pregnancy, while more recent studies show that pregnancy may influence relapses without significantly altering survival. This paper reports the case of a woman affected by melanoma, whose clinical conditions became more and more serious during her second pregnancy and the following puerperal period. The progressive impairment of her clinical condition has suggested a correlation between the two close pregnancies and the unfavourable course of her disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Assessment of the effects of alfuzosin on miction with dynamic echography].

Alfuzosina has a specific antagonist effect on the alfa-1-adrenergic post-junctional receptor posed at urethral laeve musculature, prostatic capsule and vesical trgonum. It's and ideal drug the symptoms of the difficult urinary flow typical of the benign prostatic hypertrophia (IPB) and of some patologies of vesical collum to attenuate. With this work we want to demonstrate the anatomic alterations of vesical collum and prostatic urethra by means of dynamic recording mictional phase with transrectal scan carried out before and after treatment. In this study, 30 patients were divided into three groups of 10 in relation to the pathology: overtone of vesical collum, little benign prostatic ipertrophia and great benign prostatic ipertrophia have included. The patients of each group have also been divided in undergroups of five (selected with the method of double-blind) of which the first treated with alfuzosina 7.5 mg/die for 30 days and the second with placebo. Considering the limits of this study, the analysis of the results have permitted to conclude that the drug has determined a subjective improvement in all patients except those with great IPB, while the objective valuation, reached comparing scan dynamic pictures before and after treatment, has made it possible to visualize an improvement on the opening of the vesical collum and the prostatic urethra after therapy with great variations of the size of che mictional funnel and same prostatic urethra. The alfuzosina is efficacious, in the cases under examination, except the third group were the compression on the urethra was of an elevated degree.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1991

[Neonatal infections and premature rupture of fetal membranes].

The premature rupture of the membranes is still a cause of concern due to the related risk of infection and respiratory disorders. The study included sixty-two neonates whose mothers had ruptured their membranes for at least 48 hours (group A) and 42 neonates with a high risk of infection (low birth weight, prematurity) (group B) in order to assess whether antibiotic prophylaxis used in pregnant women with premature rupture of the membranes is sufficient to reduce the risk of severe neonatal infection. The results obtained show that there is an increased frequency of RDS, jaundice and mortality in group A, whereas in group B there was a greater frequency of sepsis and urinary tract infections. Antibiotic prophylaxis therefore allows the frequency of neonatal infections following the rupture of membranes to be reduced, thus enabling the birth to be delayed in order to induce pulmonary maturity.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1991

[Role of echo-doppler in programming of sequential pacemakers. Evaluation of optimal atrioventricular delay in patients with normal or hypertrophic left ventricle].

2D-echocardiography, together with simultaneous measurement of systolic blood pressure and pulsed doppler examination of the transmitral flow were used to assess the left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function during sequential pacing at 4 different atrioventricular (AV) intervals (50, 100, 150, 200 msec), and VVI pacing under the same rate of 90 beats/min in 13 patients (pts), mean age 61.25 +/- 8.26 years with DDD pacemakers implanted for complete AV block. The pts were divided into 2 groups: group I was comprised of 7 subjects showing no clinical abnormalities and normal echocardiograms, and group II of 6 hypertensive subjects with LV hypertrophy and normal systolic function on echocardiography. There was no change in LV diastolic dimension, but a depression in LV systolic function and contractility were shown by the conversion from DDD to VVI pacing in all pts, particularly in group II VVI pacing caused mitral regurgitation with LV filling pattern changing from beat to beat. By changing the AV interval during DDD pacing, the LV filling pattern was modified in all pts. Systolic performance showed little change in group I, whereas in group II more evident modifications were seen. An optimal AV delay, defined as the delay with maximal stroke volume, was identified in all subjects as being 100 and 150 ms in group I and group II respectively. Echo-doppler can thus provide useful information in choosing the mode of pacing and in programming optimal AV delay. In contrast to normal ventricles the systolic performance in hypertrophic ventricles is highly influenced by variation in the AV delay.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Glycerol erythrocyte lysis test in the 1st month of life in neonates at term and premature infants].

Foetal erythrocytes have an enhanced resistance to osmotic haemolysis that they retain for the first 5 days after birth, particularly in premature newborns. The erythrocyte fragility test was used to study the increased resistance to osmotic haemolysis in 155 healthy newborns (50 NGA born to term, 55 NGA premature and 50 SGA born to term) as well as 31 newborns (20 born to term and 11 premature) with aspecific hyperbilirubinaemia. The drug used was glycerol which is specific in its reaction to alterations in erythrocyte membrane stability and made it possible to assess changes arising in the first month after birth, both naturally and in response to phototherapy. The results show a much higher resistance in neonatal than adult erythrocytes that gradually decrease during the first month after birth without, however, falling to adult levels. No changes in resistance attributable to the phototherapy adopted in newborns with hyperbilirubinaemia were encountered. The glycerol test proved extremely sensitive in the diagnosis of neonatal haemolytic anaemias easy to use so that congenital spherocytosis can be identified earlier than is otherwise possible.

Anemia, Neonatal↗
PubMed1989

[Proposed scoring system for the early diagnosis of infection in neonates].

Infections are currently often responsible for neonatal morbidity and mortality. The present study examines the possibility of reducing this incidence by the early diagnosis of infections. With this in mind the early clinical signs of infection were examined as well as the results of certain quickly and easily performed blood and blood chemical tests which were scored from 0 to 2. The results showed that newborns with scores less than 5 should be considered free of sepsis, those scoring 5-7 should arouse suspicion of sepsis, while sepsis should be considered definitely present in those scoring greater than 7. This scoring system presented 100% sensitivity, 88.2% specificity as well as 100% positive and an 88.2% negative predictive value. The system is therefore considered reliable as well as easy to use.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Neonatal diabetes mellitus: evaluation of pancreatic beta-cell function in two cases.

Two cases of neonatal diabetes mellitus, a transient form and a permanent form, are described. Comparing their clinical presentations and courses, we exclude the possibility of an early differential diagnosis based on clinical or laboratory data. We hypothesize that only repeated dynamic evaluations of pancreatic beta-cell function could be useful to differentiate the two forms.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1985

Effects of anticonvulsant monotherapy in pregnancy on the newborn endocrine system. Preliminary data.

Pituitary-thyroid axis function and gonadotropin secretion were evaluated by a combined TRH and LHRH test in 4 newborn female infants appropriate for gestational age of mothers treated by AEDs throughout pregnancy. We found: high basal FSH levels with normal FSH reserve, normal LH-HCG levels both before and after LHRH stimulation, normal TSH and T4 levels both before and after TRH stimulation, high T3 basal values with a normal increase after TRH and low rT3 basal values. It is suggested an AED increased T4 deiodination towards T3 in the newborn liver without a marked impairment of the endocrine functions of the fetus.

Anticonvulsants↗