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Biomedical subjects

A McLeish

Publications and source records attributed to A McLeish.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Relationship between knowledge of reasons underlying nutritional messages and reported compliance.

Subjects (48 male and 52 female) were shown nutritional messages and asked about their frequency of compliance and how this behaviour is beneficial to health. Scores were calculated for both knowledge and behaviour. The correlation between the two scores, after adjustment for effects of social class, age and gender, was 0.57 (P < 0.001). Although most previous research has failed to relate nutritional knowledge to behaviour, this may depend on the type of knowledge and the method of questioning and this deserves further study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

A prospective randomized controlled trial comparing suprapubic with urethral catheterization in rectal surgery.

BACKGROUND: Bladder drainage is necessary for several days following rectal surgery. Urethral catheterization has long been known to be associated with significant morbidity. Therefore a prospective randomized trial was performed to determine if this morbidity could be decreased by suprapubic catheterization. METHODS: One hundred and thirty-seven patients undergoing rectal surgery were prospectively randomized to either suprapubic or urethral catheterization. RESULTS: After exclusions, 108 patients were analysed. Of the 49 patients with suprapubic catheters there was 14% morbidity, and of the 59 patients with urethral catheters there was 32% morbidity. Significant bacteriuria was halved with suprapubic catheterization. Patient acceptability of suprapubic catheterization was high, and there was no increased morbidity in any of the areas studied. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that suprapubic catheterization has advantages over urethral catheterization with decreased bacteriuria, and greater patient acceptability. However, the significance of decreased bacteriuria is not clear and therefore we can only say suprapubic catheter drainage is comparable to urethral catheter drainage.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1995

Expression, processing, and secretion of gastrin in patients with colorectal carcinoma.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The relationship between gastrin and the development of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) remains controversial. Problems with previous studies include failure to measure all forms of gastrin, lack of comparison between stored and secreted gastrin, and not controlling for Helicobacter pylori infection (a known cause of hypergastrinemia). The aim of this study was to quantify progastrin and progastrin-derived peptides in the resected tumor and plasma of patients with CRC and in the antrum and plasma of normal subjects. METHODS: Four region-specific gastrin antisera were used to measure progastrin, glycine-extended gastrin, amidated gastrin, and total gastrin. RESULTS: Progastrin, amidated gastrin, total gastrin, and glycine-extended gastrin were detected in 100%, 69%, 56%, and 44% of tumors, respectively (n = 32). When allowing for H. pylori infection, circulating amidated gastrin levels were not significantly elevated in patients with CRC. However, compared with control H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative subjects, fasting plasma total gastrin levels were increased in H. pylori-positive (5.2-fold) and H. pylori-negative (2.3-fold) patients with CRC. CONCLUSIONS: Gastrin or its processing intermediates are present in a high proportion of CRCs. Nonamidated gastrin levels are elevated in the circulation of patients with CRC regardless of H. pylori status. We conclude that gastrin should continue to be assessed as a circulating or autocrine growth factor in the development of CRC.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

The endoscopy explosion. An occasional paper.

The endoscopy boom is likely to continue. Major efforts to rationalise the indications and monitor the results are essential. However, "accreditation" of endoscopists is not likely to overcome the problems inherent in the boom.

Australia↗
PubMed1978

Selection of patients for bile diversion surgery: use of bile acid measurement in fasting gastric aspirates.

Eighteen patients with dyspepsia and vomiting which followed surgery for peptic ulcer have completed a study to examine the role of diverting bile from the stomach by a Roux-en-Y procedure. Bile regurgitation and mild epigastric pain relieved by vomiting were abolished. Measurements of bile acids in the fasting gastric aspirate were useful in predicting the outcome of surgery; good results were obtained when initially there was reflex into the stomach of more than 120 mumol/hour of bile acids. A wider group of patients than those selected in previous series may benefit from this operation, as good results can be obtained in patients with dyspepsia relieved by alkali and without achlorhydria or gastritis. Endoscopy was repeated one year after Roux-en-Y operation. Erythema of the mucosa was improved, but gastritis did not improve.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Hydrotalcite in the treatment of bile vomiting.

Seventeen patients have completed a double-blind cross-over study of hydrotalcite against placebo in the treatment of bile vomiting after surgery for peptic ulcer. Overall there was no significant difference between the two treatments, with 9 patients improving on hydrotalcite and 5 on placebo. The original operation had been peformed less than 3 years before the study in 9 patients; in this subgroup there was an improvement on hydrotalcite treatment in 8 patients but in only 1 on placebo. These differences are statistically significant (P less than 0.005). Nausea, vomiting, heartburn and epigastric tenderness were improved although gastritis and endoscopic changes were not affected. It appears that hydrotalcite can help palliate symptoms of bile vomiting occuring soon after surgery for peptic ulcer.

Adult↗