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Biomedical subjects

A Medhus

Publications and source records attributed to A Medhus.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

The migrating motor complex modulates intestinal motility response and rate of gastric emptying of caloric meals.

The present study elucidates whether the phase of the migrating motor complex (MMC) present at the moment of food intake modulates postprandial motor response and rate of gastric emptying of caloric meals. Eight healthy male volunteers with a mean age of 26 years were examined twice. During water-perfused gastroduodenal manometry, a liquid meal with paracetamol added as a marker was orally administered during phase I and late phase II. Paracetamol appeared in serum 14.1 +/- 3.8 min and 9.1 +/- 4.0 (mean +/- SD) min, respectively, after intake of the meal (P < 0.02). The area under the curve of s-paracetamol until 25 min after intake was 232 +/- 169 mumol l-1 min and 362 +/- 130 (P < 0.05), respectively. When taken during late phase II, a phase III-like activity occurred within 2.1 +/- 1.3 min in the duodenum, and was succeeded by quiescence. During phase I, the meal invariably initiated irregular contractions within 4 min. The phase of MMC during which a caloric meal is ingested modulates duodenal motor response and rate of gastric emptying during the initial postprandial period. Initial postprandial motor activity thus represents the combined effect of nutrient stimulation and the underlying enteric biorhythm as reflected by phase of MMC.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1977

Mortality among male disability pensioners.

The basic material consists of all 235 men who were granted temporary or permanent disability pension in Malmö for the first time in 1964. By the end of 1974, 111 had died; the expected mortality was 42. The most common causes of death were diseases of the circulatory system, neoplasms, and diseases of the respiratory system. The post-mortem diagnoses of the 111 deceased usually agreed with the main diagnoses at the time of the pension award.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Alcohol problems among male disability pensioners.

The study covers two materials from Malmö: 1. All 235 men who were granted temporary or permanent disability pension for the first time in 1964. 2. A group of 235 men randomly chosen from the 893 men who were granted temporary or permanent disability pension for the first time in 1974. In both materials, the number of convictions for drunkenness during the period 1932-74 was about 4.5 times as high as for Swedish men of the same age. One pensioner in three had been convicted. During the period 1939-74, one pensioner in ten in each material had been subjected to compulsory treatment by Temperance Boards.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

Men with disability pension.

In 1964, temporary or permanent disability pension was granted to 2.9 per thousand of all men in Malmö aged 16 to 66 years. The figure for 1974 was 10.6 per thousand, i.e. 3.7 times as high. The 235 men who in 1964 for the first time had been granted temporary or permanent disability pension by the Regional Social Insurance Office were compared with 235 men chosen at random from the 893 who in 1974 had been granted these benefits for the first time. The relation between temporary and permanent disability pension in the 1964 material was 1:2, and in the 1974 material, 1:4. In the 1964 material, the average age was 54.9 years; in the latter 57.4. The main diagnoses mental disorders, diseases of circulatory system, and diseases of the musculoskeletal system represent about 70% of the cases in each of the materials.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

Alcohol problems among female gonorrhoea patients.

The proband group consists of the 286 women who, in 1960, were treated for gonorrhoea in the Out-patient Clinic for Venereological Diseases in Malmö. During the years 1932 and 1973, they were responsible for 119 convictions for drunkeness, the expected number of convictions being 4, as calculated from an age- and calendar year specific risk table for Swedish women. The difference between numbers observed and those expected increased with age. Of the 82 patients aged 25 years or over in 1960, one in ten had previously been convicted for drunkenness, and one in seven, 13 years later. During the years 1939 to 1973, 12 gonorrhoea patients were subjected to compulsory treatment by the Temperance Boards. Of the patients aged 15 years or over in 1960, one in twenty had earlier been subjected to such treatment, and one in ten, 13 years later. It is concluded that gonorrhoeal infections, particularly in women 25 years and over, can constitute a "symptom" of alcohol problems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Conviction for drunkenness--a late symptom among female alcoholics.

A proband group was selected, consisting of 71 female alcoholics subjected to compulsory treatment by the Temperance Board in Malmö. For the period beginning 20 years before, up to, and including a maximum of 9 years after the first compulsory treatment, less than one conviction was expected, according to a calendar year- and age-specific risk table for Swedish women. During that period, 44 of the probands had been convicted for a total of 219 drunkenness offences. Before then, no offences were recorded. In relation to the expected incidence, the observed was not particularly high at the beginning of the period. From the 11th to the 2nd year before the first compulsory treatment, it increased to an extremely high level, where it remained. The ratio of offences per offender and year was constant during the observation period. The average age at the first offence was high: 35.5 years. Gonorrhoea, recorded criminal offence, and receipt of public assistance appeared much earlier. Drunknness was more common on Fridays and Mondays among the least complicated cases. A more even distribution on week-days seems to be characteristic for the most advanced alcoholics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Criminality among female alcoholics.

The proband group consisted of 71 female alcoholics subjected to compulsory treatment by the Temperance Board in Malmö. 38 probands were recorded in the Penal Register. For a period from year 20 before to year 9 after the first compulsory treatment, 85 offences were committed. During the same period, less than one recorded criminal offence was expected, according to an age- and calendar year specific risk table for Swedish women. In relation to the expected incidence, the observed was not particularly high at the beginning of the period. From year 12 up to year 2 before the intervention, it increased to an extremely high level where it remained. The distribution of the crimes according to nature agreed with that valid for Swedish women in general. The average age at the crime debut was conspicuously high, about 30 years. Despite, this, the first criminal offence, as also the first gonorrhoeal infection, was an early sociomedical symptom; not until later did public assistance and conviction for drunkenness usually arise.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Mortality among female alcoholics.

The investigation group is composed of the 83 female alcoholics who, in the period of 1961-68, were subjected to their first compulsory treatment by the Temperance Board in Malmo. Their socioeconomic status was low. In many cases the women were heavily disadvantaged, socially. By the end of 1973, 15 of them (18%) had died: 8 through accidents, 4 by suicide, 1 of liver cirrhosis, 1 of myocardial infarction, and 1 of cerebral haemorrhage. General and cause-specific mortality was calculated on the basis of age-specific risk tables for females. The ratio of observed to expected mortality was: for all causes of death fully 7:1, for accidents 70:1, for suicides 30:1, and for other causes 1.6:1. Those who died as a result of suicide were on average younger than the other female alcoholics at the first compulsory treatment, and those who died of other causes were on average older. All who died by suicide had earlier made many attempts at suicide. In fully half of all known attempts at suicide, violent methods had been employed.

Accidents↗
PubMed1975

Female alcoholics and public assistance.

The proband group in this investigation consisted of 71 female alcoholics subjected to compulsory treatment by the Temperance Board. Public assistance was surveyed from the calendar year when the subject reached 19 years of age to the 9th year after the first compulsory treatment. During the four-year period preceding the first compulsory treatment, the percentage of probands on public assistance per year increased from 25 to 50; this coincided with the increase in the percentage of probands having non-compulsory contact with the Temperance Board, annually. During the same period, both the percentage of probands who for the first time received public assistance and also the percentage of probands having first non-compulsory contact with the Temperance Board were doubled. After the first compulsory treatment, the dependence on public assistance remained constant at a very high level. The first instance of public assistance was a late socio-medical symptom. The first gonorrhoeal infection and also the first recorded criminal offence usually occurred considerably earlier; on the other hand, the first conviction for drunkenness occurred somewhat later in the course.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Venereal diseases among female alcoholics.

The incidence of gonorrhoea among 71 female alcoholics was studied from the twentieth year before, to the ninth year after the first compulsory treatment by the Temperance Board of Malmö. Twenty-five probands had, at some time, had gonorrhoea. The mean age at the first infection was high, over 28 years. None the less, the onset of gonorrhoea was an early "symptom". Recorded criminal offence, receipt of public assistance, and conviction for drunkenness usually appeared later. Each individual's risk of contracting gonorrhoea was assessed from tabulated data concerning the gonorrhoea incidence among Malmö women in general, specified by calendar year and age. A total of 53 infections was observed, as against 6.9 expected. The ratio of observed to expected gonorrhoea was not particularly high in the early period of observation. From the twelfth year before, up to one year before, the first compulsory treatment, the ratio increased to roughly fifteen to one. This high ratio remained during the subsequent years. Syphilis was diagnosed in five probands.

Adult↗