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Biomedical subjects

A Meran

Publications and source records attributed to A Meran.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

A cross-over comparison of acrivastine, pseudoephedrine and their combination in seasonal allergic rhinitis.

In a four period, double-blind cross-over study, forty patients with moderate to severe symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis received in randomised order 8 mg acrivastine, 60 mg pseudoephedrine, 8 mg acrivastine plus 60 mg pseudoephedrine and placebo. Each treatment was given three times daily for six days with a one day washout period between treatments. Acrivastine alone significantly reduced all the symptom severity scores when compared to placebo or pseudoephedrine alone (p less than 0.01). These severity scores were assigned daily by patients for itchy nose/throat, sneezing, running nose, blocked nose, watery eyes, itchy eyes and overall symptoms. The combination of acrivastine and pseudoephedrine was significantly better than either placebo or pseudoephedrine alone in controlling all symptom scores (p less than 0.01) and it was also superior to acrivastine alone (p less than 0.05) in controlling all symptoms except itchy eyes. The results confirm the expected additive rather than synergistic effect of acrivastine and pseudoephedrine in combination. The control of symptoms assessed at the end of each treatment period was considered either excellent or good by 79% of patients and 84% of investigators for acrivastine plus pseudoephedrine and, for acrivastine alone, by 69% of patients and 67% of investigators. Both acrivastine alone and acrivastine and pseudoephedrine in combination were well tolerated. There was no significant difference in the number of adverse experiences reported in either of these two groups compared to the number of adverse experiences reported in the placebo group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Symptomatology and diagnosis of vestibular disorders following head injury (author's transl)].

One hundred cases of head injuries were submitted to thorough repeat neuro-otological examinations. The results were evaluated with respect to the diagnostic importance of vestibular symptoms. Positional nystagmus was found to be the most common symptom (51%). In 25% of the cases, spontaneous nystagmus could be demonstrated up to two years following head injury. Pathologic caloric responses were found in only one-third of the patients. Positional and positioning nystagmus were found to be the most important symptoms of a vestibular disorder following head injury, and seem to be the most reliable criteria for the assessment of disability and working capacity.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[The neuro-otological findings of the multiple sclerosis (author's transl)].

The present paper is based on an exact analysis of the neurootological findings in 30 cases of multiple sclerosis (MS). Ms-diagnosis was verified using Schumacher's criteria and cerebro-spinal fluid findings. Central vestibular disorders were found in most of the cases. From our observation it may be assumed that the brainstem is an early site of involvement causing imbalance which can only be verified by an accurate neuro-otological evaluation. The most important pathological findings are the following: central spontaneous nystagmus, gaze-deviation nystagmus, positional nystagmus, disinhibition of induced (caloric and galvanic) nystagmus, delay of the reversal phenomenon of galvanic nystagmus,dysrhythmia as well as distorted optokinetic nystagmus. An extensive neuro-otological investigation is of clinical importance with respect to detecting cases of MS at an early stage of this disease.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed1977

Differential diagnosis of cerebellopontine angle tumours with special reference to the galvanic test.

In the present paper an attempt to evaluate the diagnostic importance and reliability of the various vestibular tests was made. Special attention was paid to the galvanic test and its typical patterns of retrolabyrinthine lesions. The galvanic test is an important diagnostic method allowing a differentiation between a lesion of the vestibular endorgan and its peripheral neuron at an early stage. 40 surgically confirmed cases (24 acoustic neuromas and 16 cerebellopontine angle tumours) were analysed. In 36 cases the neurootologic diagnosis was correct while 4 cases of acoustic neuroma were not recognized as such. The diagnostic failure and some common pitfalls in the neuro-otological diagnosis of CPAT are discussed.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1977

[Manifestations of paranasal sinus malignant lymphoma (author's transl)].

Malignant lymphomas rarely arise initially in the paranasal sinuses, although these may become involved at a later stage of the disease. Such cases have rarely been reported because the paranasal sinuses are seldom subjected to routine postmortem examination, and the clinical signs often resemble those of suppurative sinusitis. The present paper reports 3 patients in whom the paranasal sinuses were affected by a malignant lymphoma (chronic lymphatic leukaemia). The histological findings are illustrated and the pathogenesis discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

[The acute vestibular paralysis (author's transl)].

Acute vestibular paralysis may not be considered as a nosologic entity but as a syndrome. Symptomatology (vertigo, spontaneous and provoked vestibular nystagmus, absence of cochlear signs) shows an uniform picture. The results of the caloric test as well as the nystagmic responses induced by galvanic stimulation and the development of central vestibular compensation however indicate that the site of the lesion is not only confined to the labyrinth but may also occur at the level of the peripheral neuron or even the vestibular nuclei. Etiology and pathology are still vague. Our own clinical observations as well as the scarce data in literature about morphological and experimental studies suggest in a way that vascular and infectious disorders are of importance as primary releasing factors. Hypothetically, vestibular loss of function may either be caused by a disturbance of labyrinthine microcirculation, initiated in a great majority of cases by infection, or by a direct lesion of the peripheral neuron as well as the vestibular nuclei. Retrolabyrinthine lesions may be due to menigoencephalitis, caused by a neurotropic virus or other infectious agents such as Toxoplasma gondii. Acute vestibular paralysis should be strictly distinguished from vestibular neuronitis. While vestibular paralysis is a syndrome, vestibular neuronitis must be considered as a nosologic entity, including a lesion of the peripheral neuron as well as evidence of an infectious event.

Adolescent↗