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Biomedical subjects

A Meyer-Lindenberg

Publications and source records attributed to A Meyer-Lindenberg.

52 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Qualitative and quantitative kidney function testing in dogs using MAG3 clearance].

In the presented study 99mTc-MAG3 clearance measurements were undertaken in 14 dogs during renal scintigraphic examination. Of these dogs, 10 showed no renal impairment, the other 4 exhibited clinically manifested nephropathy. It was the aim of these examinations to determine if this type of clearance measurement that is routinely used in human medicine is suitable for diagnosis of canine nephropathy. An algorithm for the calculation of the MAG3-Clearance developed for humans was modified. The clearance measurement can be performed during the renal scintigraphic procedure without any difficulties. In the group of dogs with no renal impairment the clearance values ranged between 6.4 and 8.0 ml/min/kg, whereas in the group of patients exhibiting nephropathies the values ranged between 2.0 and 2.7 ml/min/kg. The suitability of the method for its use in dogs needs to be confirmed with higher patient numbers. In addition, further studies are necessary to precisely assess the correlation between measured clearance values and effective renal plasma flow in dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Ultrasonography of the inner stifle joint in dogs with rupture of the cruciate ligaments].

This paper gives an overview of the sonographic possibilities to examine the canine stifle joint with rupture of the cruciate ligament. Sonographic examination was performed in 100 surgical patients because of a lesion of the joint. Ultrasound sections are presented with corresponding sonographical findings and pathological changes. For stifle joint, a linear transducer with 7.5 Mhz proved to be useful. Both the lateral and medial meniscus could be inspected, as well as injuries of the menisci. As an indirect sign to a lesion, effusions of the joint were demonstrable quite sensitively. The cruciate ligaments could not be investigated correctly with ultrasound. Ultrasonography is used to investigate the soft tissue structures as a completion of the radiological examination. The scanning diagnostic technique is practicable with a low technical expenditure, it is not stressful for the patient and can be repeated for therapy controls. Disadvantageous is that ultrasound is prone to artefacts, caused by the thinness of the structures examined.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Keratometry in dogs: two automatic hand-held keratometers compared].

In human medicine keratometric examinations are an essential tool for the determination of ocular refraction preceeding cataract operations. In dogs the use of manual keratometric methods is not feasible due to the lack of active cooperation. It is therefore necessary to apply autokeratometers which are also utilized in human pediatric patients. In this investigations we compared two portable automated keratometers in respect to their applicability in dogs. 40 dogs, comprising eight clinic beagles and 32 patient-dogs of various breeds were examined awake and under anesthesia using both hand-held keratometers. The horizontal and vertical corneal radius was measured consecutively by one investigator in all dogs and assessed statistically (standard deviation, analysis of regression and Student t-test). Both instruments yielded comparable results in all dogs. Furthermore, they were both tolerated well as they ensure a both rapid and minimal stress-inducing method of keratometry in dogs.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1996

The evolution of complexity in human brain development: an EEG study.

Analysis of the EEG as a signal from a deterministic non-linear system should, in principle, allow insights into the complexity of underlying brain activity. We examined the capability of this method to analyse the marked changes in brain activity during normal brain development. Resting EEGs of 54 healthy children (newborns to 14 years old) and of 12 normal adults were recorded digitally. The following parameters were calculated: correlation dimension, a measure of the complexity of the underlying system, and the first Lyapunov coefficient, indicating the system's 'unpredictability'. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed with probands grouped by age. The subgroups of children older than 1 year was further examined by regression analysis. In all analysed epochs, Lyapunov coefficients were significantly positive (P < 0.0001. t-test). The presence of non-linear dynamics was asserted statistically in 64-76% of examined epochs. A highly significant increase in correlation dimension with age was found in all examined leads (P < 0.0001, ANOVA). In all age groups, marked differences in correlation dimension in different brain regions became evident (P < 0.01-0.0001, ANOVA). Evidence for the presence of non-linearity can be found even in newborns. Brain maturation was reflected in a marked and highly significant increase in correlation dimension (complexity). Our work indicates that non-linear dynamics analysis is suitable for measuring complexity of brain activity during maturation and provides age-dependent normal values as a basis for further study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of an orally administered combination preparation containing phenylbutazone and prednisolone in the dog].

Tolerance and pharmacokinetics of a combination of phenylbutazone and prednisolone (tablets) were studied in Beagle dogs. For two weeks, the drug was administered orally (3.33 mg/kg phenylbutazone combined with 0.1 mg/kg prednisolone and 6.66 mg/kg phenylbutazone combined with 0.3 mg/kg prednisolone twice daily). The dosage was reduced to 50 per cent after one week. No signs of intolerance were found. After treatment with 3.33 mg/kg phenylbutazone, a plasma concentration of 10 micrograms/ml was reached within 1 to 2 hours. No prednisolone concentration above 2 ng/kg was measured. Additionally, a synergistic antiinflammatory effect of the two ingredients was obvious (hind paw dextran edema in rats). In addition to results of ENGELKE et al. (1995) who studied the clinical efficacy of the combination, the presented data demonstrate a good tolerance.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1996

[Arthroscopic studies of the stifle of dogs].

Diagnosis by arthroscopy and arthrotomy of 36 dogs with stifle lesions (18 left, 18 right) assessed by physical and radiological examination were compared. 48 of 68 observations during arthrotomy had been diagnosed before by arthroscopy (accuracy 70.6%). Arthroscopical diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament rupture (ACL) (n = 11), partial ACL (n = 11), avulsion of m. extensor digitorum longum (n = 2) and immune-mediated arthritis (n = 2) confirmed the diagnosis by arthrotomy in all patients. Arthroscopy failed to detect meniscal lesions in 50% (18 of 36). Nine of 20 normal medial and lateral meniscus, eight of 14 medial and one of two lateral meniscal lesions were detected by arthroscopy. Six meniscal tears (two transverse, two longitudinal, one bucket-handle type, one caudal horn) were not diagnosed. These results indicate that other known human portals have to be proven or new portals have to be evaluated.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Scintigraphic study for the diagnosis of portosystemic shunts in dogs].

The technique of scintigraphy of the liver is presented by two case examples of dogs with portosystemic shunts. 99mtechnetium-pertechnetate was used as a marker. Comparison of velocity and height of the activity reaching liver and heart and lung allows a statement about the existence of a portosystemic shunt.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Kidney scintigraphy in dogs and cats using 99mTc-MAG3].

Renal scanning is one of the imaging techniques used to investigate the upper urinary tract. In the present examination, the principles of performing renal scanning in the dog and car are described. Eleven animals with healthy kidneys (six dogs and five cats) were included in the study for the determination of normal scintigraphic findings as well as eight animals (seven dogs and one cat) with renal damage. The following nephropathies were investigated scintigraphically: nephrolithiasis, hydronephrosis, polycystic renal degeneration, renal aplasia, renal hypoplasia, obstruction of the ureter and renal trauma. Renal scanning proved to be easy to perform with acceptable effort in the dog and cat. It allows the simultaneous assessment of renal function on both sides during the phases of renal perfusion and tubular se- and excretion and represents a valuable adjunct to the morphologically orientated radio- and sonography. The nephrogram curves are comparable to those found in man, although the time until reaching the maximum of the curves and elimination half times are shorter. Also, the sequential scintigrams can be divided into the corresponding phases as in man. Through permanent technical development, today there are gamma processors at disposal that allow a faster, comprehensive and sophisticated evaluation. In the present investigation, this was demonstrated by a comparison of two different calculators. However, due to the financial and technical expenditures and the special radiological safety precautions required, renal scanning will be a technique reserved to larger clinics.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Validity of diagnostic methods for kidney function tests in the cat].

The diagnosis of kidney disease is difficult in the stage of compensation and impossible based solely on the routinely performed laboratory tests on blood and urine. For this reason, more sensitive methods are required. In the present study, three special techniques are compared with regard to their validity in the early diagnosis of kidney disease in the cat: 1. the molecular-weight related separation of urine proteins with the sodium-dodecyl-sulfate-polyacrylamide-gradient gel electrophoresis (SDS-page) in the PhastSystem, 2. measurement of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) with the renalyzer PRX90 using an iodine containing contrast medium and 3. kidney scintigraphy. The results of this comparison demonstrate that these procedures are important adjuncts to common laboratory investigations in the testing of renal function. The SDS-page allows an early qualitative assessment on alterations of specific functional compartments of the kidney. However, it is not possible with this method alone to evaluate the degree of renal disturbance and it does not give information concerning the severity of renal functional impairment. Measurement of the GFR is also a valuable procedure which gives a quantitative result on the global renal function within a few hours. It is of special importance when subclinically disturbed kidney function is present. In the cat however it is until now not possible to give a correct prognosis in high grade nephropathies. Only scintigraphy allows unilateral assessment of renal function, which is most important in cats with morphologically altered kidneys, such as kidney cysts, hydronephrosis or tumours.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Maintenance of the cranial cruciate ligament rupture in the dog using an intra-articular ("over-the-top") and an extra-articular ("fascia-doubling") method].

The present study compares the results of an intraarticular ("over-the-top") and an extraarticular (fascia lata imbrication) surgical method to treat the rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament in dogs. In a period of 18 months, 132 stifle joints of 125 dogs with a partial or complete rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament were examined according to a systematic protocol at the Clinic for Small Animals of the Hannover School of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany. Surgery was performed with either one or the other of the two surgical techniques. In all cases a " cleaning up " was carried out. If the medial meniscus was damaged, it was resected and the lesion was investigated. The imbrication technique of the lateral aspect of the fascia lata was easier and faster to perform. Using the "over-the-top" method, there were difficulties to guide the fascial strip through the intercondylar notch. After six months 88 patients were re-examined clinically and radiologically according to the same protocol as mentioned above. In the present study it was demonstrated that patients treated with the extraarticular method showed a higher rate (76.5%) of normal limb function after six months and walked earlier without lameness compared with dogs operated with the "over-the-top" technique (41.5%). The same results were valid for patients of giant breeds. Patients operated with the imbrication technique showed more arthrosis of the patellar tip. After six months stability, evaluated with the cranial drawer test and the tibia compression test was satisfying with both techniques.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Treatment of gastric dilatation-volvulus and a rapid method for prevention of relapse in dogs: 134 cases (1988-1991)

During a 3.3-year period, gastric dilatation-volvulus was diagnosed in 134 dogs. Thirteen of them died or were euthanatized prior to treatment. In 33 dogs, decompression and emptying of the stomach was successfully performed via a gastric tube. Rate of recurrence was 75.8% (25/33) for these dogs. Eighty-eight dogs were treated surgically. In all but 1 surgically treated dog, a new technique for gastropexy was performed for prevention of relapse. For the 5-cm-long gastropexy, the pyloric antrum was incorporated in the cranial suture of the abdominal wall. Of the surgically treated group, 63 dogs (79.7%) were discharged from the clinic in good condition. Recurrence of gastric dilatation, without evidence of gastric volvulus, 2 (n = 3) and 6 (n = 1) months after surgery, was observed in 6.6% (4/61) of surgically treated dogs with gastric dilatation-volvulus. Four (6.6%) of the 61 dogs died or were euthanatized because of other causes, but had been without signs of gastric dilatation within a mean of 19 months after surgery. In the remaining 53 dogs (86.8%), relapse had not been observed by the end of the follow-up period. In dogs with surgical treatment of gastric dilatation-volvulus, recurrence rate (6.6%) was significantly (P < 0.0001) different from that in those with medical treatment (75.8%). This study indicated that recurrence of gastric dilatation-volvulus may be prevented with this simple and fast gastropexy technique.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Interrelationship between blood serotonin levels and affinity of platelet imipramine binding sites in healthy subjects.

Changes in the density of the platelet imipramine binding sites have been reported for a variety of psychiatric conditions. The discrepancy in binding data between different laboratories renders the interpretation of the results difficult. In addition to differences in the way the various laboratories perform their binding assays, another contributing factor might be their mathematical evaluation. The imipramine binding site appears to be associated with the platelet serotonin uptake site, but it is not clear whether blood-serotonin concentrations are involved in its regulation. In order to elucidate serotonin's influence we determined blood serotonin and platelet imipramine binding simultaneously in 13 healthy female subjects. To optimize data evaluation we tested the applicability of the Scatchard analysis and a modification of the Marquardt iterative algorithm. Computer simulation of binding data suggests a superior goodness-of-fit when using the modified Marquardt algorithm. We observed a significant positive correlation between blood serotonin and the apparent dissociation constant (KD) of the imipramine binding site: the affinity decreased at high blood-serotonin concentrations (Pearson's r = 0.88, p < 0.0001). We interpret this phenomenon as serotonin's negative feedback regulation of the platelet imipramine binding site.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Investigations on dietary treatment of struvite urolithiasis: 3. Effect of an acidifying diet on acid-base- and mineral-balance of cats after acute urethral obstruction.

The effect of a commercial acidifying diet on acid-base-balance and urinary mineral concentration was compared in five healthy cats and five cats with urethral obstruction for six days after the removal of lower urinary tract obstruction. There were no significant differences in urine pH throughout the experiment between the groups. Blood pH was decreased in obstructed animals at the time of presentation at the clinic, but thereafter it did not differ from data from healthy cats on the same diet. The concentration of phosphorus and potassium in urine decreased, sodium and chloride did not change, while magnesium and calcium content increased.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chronic-idiopathic enteropathy in cats--a case control study].

Aim of this study is to clinically, microbiologically and histopathologically characterize inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the cat. Nine cats with chronic persistent or intermitent vomitus and diarrhea were examined between 1998 and 2001. All cats had a thuorough diagnostic workup performed. Full thickness biopsies from stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon were surgically obtained for histopathological examination. Duodenal juice was obtained by direct aspiration for microbiologic qualitative and semiquantitative examination. Seven cats euthanized for other medical reasons were used as controls. Six cats had a lymphoplasmacytic IBD and three an eosinophilic IBD. Four cats with IBD had additional diseases diagnosed. Three cats with IBD had elevated bacterial counts. Retrospectively no correlation could be found between clinical symptoms and histopathological results. Serum TLI was not able to differentiate chronic pancreatitis and IBD. Serum folic acid and cobalamin did not correlate with the distribution of lesions in the gastrointestinal tract. Finally, no correlation was found between bacterial counts in the proximal duodenum and IBD.

Animals↗