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A Michault

Publications and source records attributed to A Michault.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Particularities of the immune response in neurocysticercosis].

Unique physiological and immunological features of the brain, as previously presented, explain the limitation of local inflammatory reactions and the existence of intrathecal specific IgG production. In addition, some parasitic factors of recent knowledge are induced during neurocysticercosis, which could be involved in vivo in a modulation of the immune response by larval products (a soluble RNA-peptide, some metacestode surface sphingoglycolipids). These recent findings lead us to make a critical review of the antigenic profiles obtained by enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) on samples collected from patients suffering from simple or multiple neurocysticercosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Cerebral chromoblastomycosis. Apropos of a case. Review of the literature].

We present a case of brain abscess caused by Cladosporium trichoides which reappeared fifteen months later, in spite of a surgical procedure and antifungal chemotherapy. The importance of a complete neurosurgical resection of the lesion which determines the prognosis is emphasized. Based on amphotericine B, flucytosine, and itraconazole, the antifungal treatment is not fully standardized. Regular clinical and CT scan controls are necessary because of frequent recurrence.

Brain Abscess↗
PubMed1995

Use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot for the diagnosis and monitoring of neurocysticercosis.

A total of 70 proven cases of neurocysticercosis from la Réunion (Indian Ocean) were studied with enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) to detect specific antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Absorbance levels of antibody to crude Taenia solium cyst extract as an antigen were compared with EITB banding-pattern and computed tomography-scan results. The EITB analysis of sera and CSF from patients with active neurocysticercosis, confirmed with characteristic brain-scan imaging and highest ELISA absorbance, regularly revealed two bands with molecular weights of 13 and 14 kDa, respectively. These low-molecular-weight fractions are potential markers of active cerebral cysticercosis, a result obtained in the simple epidemiological situation of La Réunion (Indian Ocean). A parallel study is underway in Madagascar, where cross-reactivities with other parasitic diseases, including Schistosoma infections, may interfere.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Value of immunodiagnosis by ELISA and Western blotting for the diagnostic and therapeutic management of neurocysticercosis].

The humoral immune response in neurocysticercosis was studied in seventy patients from the Reunion Island (Indian Ocean). In the serum and the cerebrospinal fluid, specific antibodies were quantified using an enzyme-linked (ELISA) and Western-blot (EITB) technique. It was found that two antigenic fractions, of 13 and 14kd molecular weight, are highly specific of an active disease, for which the treatment is recommended. This new result, established in the quite simple epidemiologic environment of the Reunion island, is under validation in Madagascar.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and myositis in icterohemorrhagic leptospirosis. Rapid control by a single bolus of corticoids].

Leptospirosis is one of the commonest causes of diffuse alveolar haemorrhage. Despite good sensitivity to penicillin and current techniques of ventilation, there remains a considerable mortality which is particularly linked to the initial pulmonary disease at presentation. The authors describe a new case of a gravely ill patient with leptospirosis and sever hypoxaemia. There was diffuse alveolar haemorrhage and myositis thus a bolus of corticosteroids was used over the first 24 hours complementary to the traditional treatment.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1994

[A serological survey regarding Flaviviridae infections on the island of Réunion (1971-1989)].

Serological prevalence of Flaviviridae was studied on Reunion Island by testing 2,507 human sera from a randomised sample. Each serum was tested against 5 viruses (yellow fever, dengue type 1 and 2, West Nile and Wesselsbron) using haemagglutination inhibition test: 42.68% of human sera were found positive. The multivalent reactions represent practically three fourths of the positive ones. A severe dengue type 2 outbreak on the island in 1977-1978 and the possible circulation of a Flavivirus may explain these data. Among the tested subjects, positivity frequencies vary according to their age and their living surrounding. These results were compared with those of a previous serosurvey performed in 1971 and showed an important increase in the serological prevalence largely explainable by the 1977-1978 epidemic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Seroepidemiological study of human leptospirosis at Reunion Island].

In order to evaluate the prevalence of human leptospirosis in Reunion island and to identify possible risk factors, a study was realised on a representative population sample of 3.338 persons. The prevalence of leptospirosis, diagnosed by ELISA and confirmed by Micro Agglutination Test, was 1.1%. Male predominance and higher prevalence in rainy parts of the island, were confirmed. It has not been possible to display risk factors such as housing conditions or professional exercise. The serological repartition showed not only icterohaemorrhagiae serovar, but also canicola, panama and sejroe, especially in women. These results, compared with clinical studies (showing nearly exclusive male repartition, in agricultural workers, due to icterohaemorrhagiae serovar), confirm the double look of human leptospirosis in Reunion island: clinical leptospirosis, severe, concerning males, often countrymen, due to icterohaemorrhagiae serovar, and infraclinical leptospirosis, concerning principally females, which is a domestic illness, due to other serovars.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Serodiagnosis of cysticercosis by ELISA and western blot. Their value and limitations in Madagascar].

Cysticercosis is linked to the infestation of men (or pigs) by the larval stage of Toenia solium: Cysticercus cellulosae. This disease, very common in the Third World, represents in Madagascar, a very serious problem for Public Health. Neurocysticercosis, particularly, must be detected before the stage of evolution towards cicatrisation. Two biological tests have been developed: 1) ELISA test: Cysticercus antigen is prepared from pig cysticercus, with addition of PMSF: proteases inhibitor increasing antigen stability. We present sensitivity and specificity studies of the test. 2) Western Blot test: E.I.T.B.: this test completes first test in case of negative ELISA test with clinical signs. In this case, evolving diagnosis is supported by low weight proteins revelation by patient's serum. These two tests applied to 100 positives cases have permitted the chemotherapy indication, with favorable results in more that 80% of the cases.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1990

[Leptospirosis in Mayotte].

We have got 42 leptospirosis cases from 1984 to 1989, in a retrospective study. The annual incidence is now, in a very high level (3.8/10,000 pers.). This rapid increasing is function of new diagnostics facilities. The leptospirosis epidemiology is not different from anywhere else in tropical countries, but the complicated cases are an important problem in public health in the island. The actual development of collective hygienic equipment is indispensable for any progress.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Seroepidemiologic evaluation of malaria in Mayotte (Comoro archipelago) 1984-1988].

In the context of a research programme on the immunology of malaria in the islands of the south-west of the Indian Ocean, seroepidemiological studies by means of sampling surveys have been carried out annually in Mayotte Island (Comoro Archipelago) from 1984 to 1988. Apart from the transient character of the increases in rates in the wake of the epidemic outbreak of 1984, the evolution of the antibody geometric mean reciprocal titre (GMRT) by age reveals a negativation of population at large, fast only in the younger age-group. At such a high level of negativation, the GMRT does not lend itself to interpretation. In the older age-groups the negativation becomes so slow as to render a yearly periodicity too short to show differences. The correlation between GMRT and age that persisted over the five-year period suggests that the evolution of the rates according to age follows a predetermined model. The epidemiological interpretation of purely serological data, except for a general indication of the trend, is however difficult, specially in an archipelago where the levels of malaria transmission are not the same in the different islands, but where inter-island migration is quite important.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Contribution of enzyme-linked immuno-electrotransfer blot assay for the diagnosis of human neurocysticercosis].

An enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) is developed for immunodiagnosing human neurocysticercosis. The assay's efficacy is evaluated in 71 neurocysticercotic patients whose diagnosis of the disease and evaluation of disease activity is based on CT scan findings. We identified eight bands (molecular weigh less than 35 000) that evaluate the disease activity: active disease, calcification in progress, inactive disease. All samples patients with active disease recognized 14 000 band. This band is missing in the others parasitic diseases and in serum of the patients with inactive diseases or calcification in progress. The enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot is simple to perform and may be used in sero-epidemiology.

Cross Reactions↗
PubMed1990

[Sero-epidemiological study of cysticercosis in Reunion Island].

Cysticercosis is a health problem in Reunion Island. A representative sample (3388 sera) of the Reunion population (more than 14 years of age) shows a prevalence of 8.2%. A statistically significant correlation is found with mode of transmission (pig raising, toilet). This result contributes to proposed measures of prevention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Immunologic diagnosis of the cerebrospinal fluid and serum in developing brain cysticercosis].

ELISA detection of specific antibodies in the serum (IgG) and cerebrospinal fluid (IgG, IgM and IgA) was evaluated in 28 patients. Diagnosis of cerebral cysticercosis and evaluation of disease activity was based on CT scan findings. Specific IgG antibodies were found in the serum in 83.3% of patients with active disease and 10% of those with inactive disease. Cerebrospinal fluid tests evidenced specific antibodies in all patients with active disease and none of the patients with inactive disease. The specific CSF antibodies were IgG (94.4%), IgM (66.6%) or IgA (66.6%). Antibody titers were significantly higher in patients with an intraventricular vesicle or cyst.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Human leptospirosis in Reunion Island. A 3-year epidemiological study (1985-1987)].

During a three-year period (1985-1987), in Reunion Island, 252 cases of leptospirosis were clinically diagnosed in humans, and serologically confirmed. The epidemiological study showed a significant male predominance, presence during all ages of life; no month and no geographical zone are spared but maximal incidences are noted during periods of and in localities with the most important rainfall. Severe forms are frequent but mortality remains low.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Diagnosis of cerebral cysticercosis on Réunion Island by an immuno-enzymological method (ELISA): comparison with x-ray computed tomography].

An immunoenzymologic (Elisa) serodiagnosis of cysticercosis is evaluated in 75 encephalic cysticercosis patients whose diagnosis of the disease and its progression in assessed by tomodensitometry. A Taenia solium antigen is used. Only IgG are investigated. The sensibility of serodiagnosis is 85% and specificity 87% when there is a progression of the disease; no difference is noticed in the patients without any progression of the disease and in control normal subjects. This serodiagnosis of cysticercosis appears of value for the evaluation of the activity of the disease.

Cysticercosis↗
PubMed1987

[Effectiveness of mass chemotherapy campaigns with diethylcarbamazine on blood microfilaria of Wuchereria bancrofti in Mayotte].

An evaluation of the microfilarial index has been carried out in a randomised population, during April and May 1986, to determine the efficacy of long course mass chemotherapy. A single dose of DEC at 6 mg/kg was distributed to the whole population of the island, every 4 months, in 1985 and 1986. The survey was done three months after the treatment. 1,307 thick blood films have been collected in night-time. The prevalence of microfilaremia was 1.9% as compared with 17.1% in 1981 in the conditions. The control measures were considered as quite satisfactory, and it was decided to continue mass chemotherapy together with vector control.

Animals↗