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Biomedical subjects

A Milner

Publications and source records attributed to A Milner.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

A novel method for measuring antioxidant capacity and its application to monitoring the antioxidant status in premature neonates.

1. A new method has been developed for measuring the total antioxidant capacity of body fluids and drug solutions, based on the absorbance of the ABTS.+ radical cation. 2. An automated method for use on a centrifugal analyser, as well as a manual method, is described. 3. The procedure has been applied to physiological antioxidant compounds and radical-scavenging drugs, and an antioxidant ranking was established based on their reactivity relative to a 1.0 mmol/l Trolox standard. 4. The Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity of plasma from an adult reference population has been measured, and the method optimized and validated. 5. The method has been applied to investigate the total plasma antioxidant capacity of neonates and how this may be compromised in prematurity.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Isolation of a normal B cell subset with a Burkitt-like phenotype and transformation in vitro with Epstein-Barr virus.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is causally linked with endemic Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), a tumor whose homogeneous cell surface phenotype suggests derivation from a particular subset of activated germinal centre B cells in vivo. Endemic BL also shows an unusual form of EBV infection with down-regulation of certain of the virus latent proteins which are constitutively expressed when EBV infects and transforms normal resting B cells in vitro. Here we question whether this virus:cell interaction is unique to malignant BL cells or whether it might be reproduced by in vitro infection of those particular germinal centre cells displaying the BL-like phenotype. Firstly, we show by biochemical means that a subset of normal tonsillar B cells does indeed express the globotriaosylceramide glycolipid BLA and the common acute lymphoblastic leukaemia antigen CALLA, 2 important markers of the BL phenotype. Secondly, using 2-colour immunofluorescence labelling with anti-BLA and anti-CALLA monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), 4 subsets of low buoyant density tonsillar B cells (BLA+ CALLA+, BLA+ CALLA-, BLA- CALLA+, BLA- CALLA-) have been separated by means of a FACS and tested for their susceptibility to EBV-induced growth transformation in a limiting dilution assay. The BLA+ CALLA+ (i.e., BL-like) subset contained the highest proportion of cells already actively in cycle in vivo and gave the lowest yield of transformants, perhaps reflecting the greater efficiency with which EBV transforms resting target cells. Of the cell lines established from the BLA+ CALLA+ population, a significant number retained BLA expression but CALLA was always lost. In 2 further respects, these lines resembled conventional in vitro transformants rather than lines of BL type; thus the cells expressed cellular "activation" antigens (CD23, CD39, CD30, Ki-24) characteristic of the lymphoblastoid phenotype and contained the full spectrum of EBV latent proteins.

Antigens, Differentiation↗
PubMed1986

Hypokalaemia after suxamethonium administration.

The effect of suxamethonium on serum potassium levels was studied in 20 black patients undergoing emergency surgery. All patients were resuscitated pre-operatively to achieve a normal pH (range 7.35-7.45), normal electrolyte values (potassium range 3.5-4.5 mmol/l), and an adequate circulating blood volume using the criteria of systolic blood pressure in excess of 100 mmHg and a central venous pressure maintained at more than 2 cm H2O. Suxamethonium (approximately 0.8 mg/kg) was administered during a standard rapid intubation sequence for the induction of anaesthesia. In the adequately resuscitated emergency patient an induced respiratory alkalosis may prevent the rise in serum potassium previously reported with the use of suxamethonium.

Adult↗