[Diagnostic values of nasal mucosa cytology].
A semiquantitative method of the nasal smears evaluation is presented. The cytograms of healthy nasal mucosa and of various rhinitis types and nasal polyps are described.
Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Miszke.
A semiquantitative method of the nasal smears evaluation is presented. The cytograms of healthy nasal mucosa and of various rhinitis types and nasal polyps are described.
In 10 patients with nasal polyps mast cells were counted in smears and in polyp tissues. In smears from neutrophilic polyps (n = 4) no mast cells were found, in eosynophilic polyps (n = 6) mast cells were found on an average of 7.5%. Histological examinations showed that an average number of mast cells in the connective tissue was similar in both types of polyps. In the epithelial layer of neutrophilic polyps the number of mast cells was slightly greater than in eosynophilic polyps. In an atopic patient the number was 12 times greater than in the other cases. No dependence was found between the number of mast cells in smears and in the tissue.
Cytograms were made from polyps and nasal mucosa in 30 patients suffering from chronic rhinitis and polyps. A semiquantitative method described in Otolaryngologia Polska in 1985 year was used. In 6 cytograms taken from polyps, neutrophils were found on an average in 93% of observed cells. In 24 cytograms the predominance of eozynophils was found on an average of 49%. In cytograms with predominance of eozynophils, basophils were found on an average of 13%. These results allowed the etiology to be distinguished and either pharmacological or surgical treatment to be applied, versus hitherto applied surgical treatment. In 6 eozynophilic patients cytograms were made from the mucosa 2 weeks after polypectomy. A considerable decrease or total disappearance of eozynophilic and basophilic cells was found.
The protective role of IgA against infections of the upper respiratory tract is described. The action of IgA formation and the possibility of its stimulation by applying oral vaccines is presented.
A comparison was made between the nasal smears (cytology) of the healthy nasal mucosa in 1982 and 1992. An increasing number of migration cells, especially eozynophiles and lymphocytes was found. In same cases besophils appeared. Changes concerned also epithelia. There was an increasing number of squamous cells and decreasing number of goblet cells. The described changes show the defensive processes of mucous membrane bordering pathology.
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This paper contains contemporary views concerning the function of neurotransmitters in vestibular system. On the basis of this information one may more exactly use drugs which act on the synaptic and postsynaptic receptors as well as drugs which influence the synthesis of neurotransmitters.
For batter evaluation of the vertigo syndrome the vestibular clinical index was introduced. It was the sum of all vestibular examinations results. The index facilitated the evaluation of the clinical status and is good for documentation and statement.
In 29 patients with nasal obstruction, sneezing and water-like nasal discharge the allergic tests were negative. However, the cytologic examinations of their nasal discharge founded 20% of eosinophil The IgE serum level was normal in 21 patients and in 8 was distinctly elevated. In 21 patients the non-allergic rhinitis was diagnosed and in remaining 8 the suspicion of allergy without proved agent.
The immunologic function of the palatine tonsils was discussed, especially the physiology and pathology in some cases.
In 33 patients with pollen allergy the cytograms were made by means of half-quantity method during the acute phase and remission. In comparison with healthy mucous membrane there were a large number of migration cells with eosinophils of 46%. In some cases there were also basophils. In superficial layer prevailed the cuboid cells (mean X = 43%) and the lower number of parabasal cells. During the remission as the deviation from the norm there were only the large number of migration cells with eosinophils.
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