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Biomedical subjects

A Miyachi

Publications and source records attributed to A Miyachi.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Constitutive c-fos expression in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells stimulates osteoclast maturation and osteoclastic bone resorption.

The effect of culture supernatants of c-fos-transfected MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells on osteoclastic bone resorption was studied. Human c-fos cDNA was integrated in the expression vector pH8, and the cells were transfected using the calcium phosphate precipitation technique. Osteoclastic bone resorption was quantified by the pit formation assay, and the osteoclast maturation from precursor was assessed by the generation of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells (MNC). The culture supernatants of MC3T3-E1 transfectants constitutively expressing c-fos gene enhanced osteoclast-like MNC formation from haematopoietic blast cells compared with those of control transfectants (P < 0.01). The culture supernatants also promoted osteoclastic bone resorption: the pit number, 118.7 +/- 38.5, was significantly higher than 19.0 +/- 10.1 of the control (P < 0.05). The absorption area, 12,394 +/- 3145 mm2, was significantly larger than 1646 +/- 314 mm2 of the control (P < 0.05). The culture supernatants also promoted bone resorption by purified chick osteoclasts (P < 0.05). The results show that constitutive expression of c-fos gene in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells stimulates osteoclast maturation and osteoclastic bone resorption by releasing humoral mediator(s).

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical study of anti-phospholipid antibody in patients with sarcoidosis].

Serum antibodies against five types of phospholipids were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 55 patients with sarcoidosis. In 21 cases (38%), either IgG antibodies or IgM antibodies were detected. These antibodies were thought to mainly be infective type. This positive rate was significantly higher than that (7%) of the control group (70 cases) (p < 0.01). As to the immunoglobulin classes, 5 cases had IgG antibodies only, 11 cases had IgM antibodies only, and 5 cases had both IgG and IgM antibodies. No correlation was observed between the occurrence of anti-phospholipid antibodies (APL-Ab) and disease activity of sarcoidosis. Significant correlations were found between the occurrence of APL-Ab and skin lesions, many extrathoracic organ lesions and the persistence of abnormal chest X-ray findings for over 2 years and 5 years. From these data, it is suggested that the presence of APL-Ab is associated with prolonged disease activity of sarcoidosis.

Antibodies, Antiphospholipid↗
PubMed1991

[Interleukin-2 receptor expression in pulmonary granulomatous diseases].

Interleukin-2 receptor expression (IL-2R) on monocytes and alveolar macrophages (AM) was determined in patients with sarcoidosis and pulmonary tuberculosis. In sarcoidosis and tuberculosis, IL-2R on monocytes was detectable, while it was undetectable in healthy controls. IL-2R on AM in sarcoidosis and tuberculosis was significantly increased as compared to healthy controls. IFN-gamma, which has been shown to be increased in sarcoidosis and tuberculosis as compared to healthy controls, induced IL-2R on monocytes in healthy controls, suggesting that IFN-gamma is at least in part responsible for the induction or enhancement of IL-2R on monocytes or AM in sarcoidosis and tuberculosis. Phorbol myristate acetate which is known to be protein kinase C (PKC) activator induced IL-2R on monocytes, and PKC inhibitor, H7, inhibited IFN-gamma-induced IL-2R on monocytes in healthy controls. Calcium ionophore, A23187, induced IL-2R on monocytes and calmodulin antagonist, W7, inhibited IFN-gamma-induced IL-2R on monocytes. Based on these results, it seems that not only the PKC pathway but also the calcium-calmodulin pathway is involved in IFN-gamma-induced IL-2R.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Serum soluble IL-2 receptor level in patients with sarcoidosis].

Serum levels of soluble IL-2 receptors (sIL-2R) by an ELISA method in 28 patients with sarcoidosis and 16 healthy controls were studied, and the source of sIL-2R was further examined. sIL-2R in serum was significantly higher in sarcoidosis than in controls. In sarcoidosis sIL-2R in serum significantly correlated with serum ACE level, and was significantly higher in stage II or III patients than in stage O patients. sIL-2R in supernatants of cultured monocytes (Mo) and alveolar macrophages (AM) was significantly higher in sarcoidosis than in controls. sIL-2R in supernatants of cultured T lymphocytes obtained from peripheral blood or BALF was barely detectable in sarcoidosis, while it was undetectable in controls. Furthermore, sIL-2R in serum was significantly correlated with sIL-2R in supernatants of cultured Mo and AM. These results indicate that sIL-2R in serum is an useful index of the disease activity of sarcoidosis, and may be mainly derived from IL-2R on Mo and AM.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Antigen-presenting capacity in patients with sarcoidosis.

Antigen-presenting capacity by monocytes and AMs was determined in 13 patients with sarcoidosis and nine healthy control subjects, using PPD as the antigen. The patients and healthy control subjects all had positive PPD skin tests. Monocytes from both the control subjects and the patients with sarcoidosis exhibited antigen-presenting capacity to autologous peripheral T-lymphocytes, without any significant difference between the two groups. The AMs from patients, but not control subjects, demonstrated antigen-presenting capacity to autologous peripheral T-lymphocytes. Antigen-presenting capacity by monocytes and AMs to lung T-lymphocytes was lower than to peripheral T-lymphocytes, but not significantly. Antigen-presenting capacity was not significantly different between patients with sarcoidosis who had positive and negative PPD skin tests. The mechanism of enhanced antigen-presenting capacity by AMs in sarcoidosis is uncertain at present, but no significant difference was observed in DR antigen expression on AMs between controls and patients with sarcoidosis, and the addition of exogenous IL-1 or IFN-gamma did not induce antigen-presenting capacity by AMs in controls, suggesting that neither increased DR antigen expression on AMs nor increased release of IL-1 or IFN-gamma from AMs is responsible. Thus, these results suggest that T-lymphocyte activation in sarcoidosis may in part be attributable to an enhanced antigen-presenting capacity by AMs.

Antigen-Presenting Cells↗
PubMed1990

[A case of miliary tuberculosis with prolonged high fever for more than 2 months under antituberculous therapy].

A 28 year-old male was admitted to our hospital with persistent cough and high fever. He was diagnosed to have miliary tuberculosis by the transbronchial lung biopsy specimen and tuberculous choroidal lesions in the ocular fundus. Antituberculosis therapy was immediately started. In spite of the fact that the bacilli were sensitive to the antituberculosis drugs used and he had no other complications, high fever persisted and lasted for more than 2 months. When tuberculosis is suspected, and antituberculosis treatment is tried to observe its clinical response, the presence of similar cases mentioned above should be taken into consideration.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A case of pigeon breeder's disease].

A 73-year-old woman developed dry cough and exertional dyspnea. She had been breeding pigeons for thirty years. Her serum showed positive precipitin reaction against pigeon serum. Furthermore the lymphocyte stimulation test against pigeon serum was positive. An X-ray film of the chest showed diffuse ground glass infiltrate, fine nodular shadows and reticular shadows. Histopathology revealed diffuse interstitial infiltration with mononuclear cells and occasional giant cell formation as well as granuloma formation in the bronchiole. The symptoms subsided after admission. From these results, this case was diagnosed as pigeon breeder's disease. She had the subacute form probably because of her old age and smoking. It could be that exacerbation of pneumonitis was caused by cessation of smoking in an attempt to alleviate the symptoms. This is the fifth case reported in Japan.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Antigen presentation in pulmonary tuberculosis].

Antigen presenting capacity (APCC) by monocytes (Mono) and alveolar macrophages (AM), using PPD as the antigen, was determined in 15 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and 9 healthy controls who all showed positive PPD skin tests. Results were as follows: 1) Mono from both healthy controls and tuberculosis showed APCC to autologous peripheral T lymphocytes, and no significant difference was observed between the two groups. 2) AM from tuberculosis showed APCC to autologous peripheral T lymphocytes, however AM from healthy controls did not. 3) APCC by autologous Mono or AM to lung T-lymphocytes was lower than that to peripheral T-lymphocytes, but the difference was not significant. 4) In tuberculosis, APCC, observed before chemotherapy, was remarkably weakened during the first two months of therapy, and almost recovered to the previous level thereafter. 5) The mechanism which enhances APCC by AM in tuberculosis is uncertain. But neither increased DR antigen expression on AM nor release of IL-1 from AM suggested to be be responsible for the enhanced APCC in tuberculosis.

Adult↗