Biomedical subjects

A Montazem

Publications and source records attributed to A Montazem.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Bisphosphonate-associated mandibular osteonecrosis.

A 66-year-old man with multiple myeloma treated with zoledronic acid, melphalan, and prednisone after a tooth extraction developed severe osteonecrosis of the mandible that was nonresponsive to antibiotic therapy. A CT scan showed innumerable fragmented sequestra in the mandible and some adjacent soft tissue fullness around the mandible. The association between the use of bisphosphonates and osteonecrosis of the jaw has been described only recently.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

Lichen planus and the vulvovaginal-gingival syndrome.

Lichen planus is a dermatologic disease that affects both skin and mucosa. Here we report five cases of lichen planus that presented as the oral component of the vulvovaginal-gingival syndrome. Four of the cases were associated with biopsy-proven oral lichen planus, and all five patients had oral lesions that clinically resembled lichen planus. Three patients were taking medications that are associated with lichenoid drug reactions; four patients were postmenopausal; and all five patients had desquamative vulvovaginitis. Clinicians may see these patients when they show persistent signs and symptoms of oral lichen planus. We report five case histories and review the 127 cases found in the literature to make the practicing clinician aware of this unusual clinical entity. The hepatitis C virus association and drug-induced lichenoid mucositis are topics that are addressed. In addition, clarification of the issues surrounding the premalignant potential of oral lichen planus is provided with evidence, rationale, and data from the literature to support the position that true oral lichen planus has no inherent predisposition to become malignant.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

MRI video diagnosis and surgical therapy of soft tissue trauma to the craniocervical junction.

We evaluated objective diagnostic methods for patients with possible upper cervical spine instability caused by trauma and correlated them with subsequent neurosurgical findings and outcomes. Between November 1995 and May 1998, we investigated 420 patients with functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the craniocervical junction. We evaluated the extracranial vertebral circulation by MRI angiography, with focus on the position of the dens and on the subarachnoid space during entire rotational maneuvers. We documented 72 cases (17.1%) of injuries to the alar ligaments that were accompanied by signs of instability. Twenty patients (4.8%) had a complete alar ligament rupture, and 52 (12.4%) had an incomplete rupture with coexisting instability. We referred these patients to a neurosurgeon. Surgery was eventually chosen for 42 patients (10.0%) with the intention of obtaining dorsal occipitocervical stabilization. The duration of time between the MRI evaluation and surgery ranged from 1 week to 1.5 years (mean: 3.5 mo). After the fifth postoperative day, almost all symptoms had disappeared. One year following surgery, 34 of the 42 patients (80.9%) still demonstrated successful fusion and an alleviation of their sensation of instability. Twenty-five of these patients (59.5%)--all of whom were unemployed before surgery--were able to resume a professional activity. In the eight patients (19.0%) who still had a loss of stability during the second and 14th weeks, we noticed that there were some negative effects of rehabilitation. Six of these patients developed pseudarthrosis or osteolysis of their bone grafts during the first 3 months after fusion, and three required a repeat operation. We conclude that functional MRI with lateral tilting and rotatory evaluation is a useful tool for investigating craniocervical instability. For patients who are recalcitrant to following a program of conservative therapy, surgical stabilization of the craniocervical junction appears to be justified.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

The mandibular symphysis as a donor site in maxillofacial bone grafting: a quantitative anatomic study.

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to quantify the amount of bone graft material present in the mandibular symphysis as well as to determine the maximal size of the corticocancellous bone block that can be harvested while avoiding mental nerve injury, tooth injury, and simultaneously preserving the preoperative facial contour. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen fixed dentate cadaver mandibles were studied. Osteotomies were performed in a monocortical fashion, 5 mm anterior to the mental foramen, cephalad to the inferior border of the mandible, caudal to the expected position of the apices of the anterior teeth, and at the midline. The size of the corticocancellous block was then measured. Bone volume, using 2 techniques, was measured by displacement volumetry. RESULTS: The average volumes obtained were 4.84 mL and 4.71 mL (range, 3.25 to 6.50 mL), respectively, for the 2 techniques of volumetry. The average block size was 20.9 x 9.9 x 6.9 mm; the smallest block was 21.0 x 6.5 x 6.0 mm, and the largest was 25.0 x 13.0 x 9.0 mm. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study, it is apparent that the mandibular symphysis can be reliably selected as the harvest site in a variety of oral and maxillofacial reconstructive procedures.

Bone Transplantation↗

PubMed2000

Secondary tinnitus as a symptom of instability of the upper cervical spine: operative management.

Tinnitus very often is caused by instability of the craniocervical junction. It very frequently manifests as a high-pitched whistle that disappears after operative correction and stabilization of the articular geometry. Prolapsed intervertebral disks, discoligamentous injury, and even metastases as low as level C3 can cause tinnitus, which also usually disappears after surgery.

Cervical Vertebrae↗

PubMed1997

Glandular odontogenic cyst: report of a case and review of the literature.

The glandular odontogenic cyst is a rare jawbone cyst of odontogenic origin, first described in 1988 by Gardner et al. We describe a previously unreported case of a combined cyst composed of glandular odontogenic cyst and ghost cell keratinization that was present for 33 years. We also reviewed the published 38 cases of glandular odontogenic cyst found in the world literature and add this additional case.

Age Distribution↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Antibiotic prophylaxis in dentistry.

Antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of infective endocarditis related to dental therapy is a widespread therapeutic intervention. Recently, updated and revised guidelines on this treatment modality have been set forth in the form of consensus statements. It is evident that the risk of spontaneous bacteremia is much greater in a diseased oral cavity than it is in a healthy oral cavity. Perhaps most important in the prevention of infective endocarditis is early identification of at-risk patients and prompt referral to oral health specialists for comprehensive evaluation and treatment. The judicious use of antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of infective endocarditis, in conjunction with optimal oral health care, should serve to minimize the adverse effects of antibiotic therapy and at the same time reduce the significant morbidity and mortality associated with these infections.

Antibiotic Prophylaxis↗