PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Montella

Publications and source records attributed to A Montella.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Blood and/or lymphatic connection of laryngo-pharynx and thyroid: an anatomic and clinical problem.

Three patients, undergoing surgery for pharyngeal carcinoma, were studied after their informed consence in the aim of ascertaining: 1) whether the routinary hemithyroidectomy in case of surgical treatment of the cancer of pyriform sinus is justified by a real probability of neoplastic invasion of the gland, and 2) which pathway the neoplasia follows in the metastatic process. In each patient a small amount of methylene blue solution was injected in the pyriform sinus submucosa, just before starting the surgical operation, currently including hemithyroidectomy. The stain spreads to the superior portion of the thyroid lobe, and seems to follow the periarterial lymphatic vessels. Even if further researches are necessary, the obtained data seem to justify routinary thyroidectomy in course of surgical treatment of the hypopharyngeal cancer.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Morphological study of fetal nasopharyngeal epithelium in man.

In 30 human fetuses between 8 and 13 weeks of intrauterine life the lateral wall of the nasopharynx was examined by light microscopy and transmission and scanning electron microscopy. In the subjects between 8 and 9 weeks in utero the mucosa displays still an immature appearance, being mono- or bistratified and lacking the characteristic structures of the respiratory epithelium. Nevertheless, signs of differentiation are to be noticed, with the presence of two distinct cellular types that, in the later periods, will give rise to ciliated cells and microvillus-provided cells. An almost complete differentiation will be reached at 12-13 weeks in utero, even if goblet cells are still lacking in the examined zone during the considered period. Nonrespiratory types of epithelium, such as transitional or squamous, were never found in the studied subjects.

Embryonic and Fetal Development↗
PubMed1992

[The shape of the nasopharynx in youth: statistical study].

The particular shape of the nasopharynx in the child can influence morphology and physiopathologic behaviour of the mucosa. In such a perspective, it appeared interesting to evaluate the kind and the entity of its variations by means of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in 50 patients (age range: 2 months-16 years). The results show that the nasopharyngeal shape (represented either by bending radius and shape factor) varies in a statistically significant way during the considered age range, while the dimension of the pharyngeal tonsil remains constant in the studied cases. The statistically significant shape variation of the tonsil appears, so, related to its involvement in the shape variation of the whole nasopharynx.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Presence of antisperm antibodies in the serum of Sardinian adult people. II. Study on a selected infertile population in north Sardinia.

Among many possible causes of infertility an immunological factor must be considered, in particular the presence of antibodies to spermatozoa in the serum. In previous researches we confirmed the presence of antisperm antibodies in the serum of healthy men of North Sardinia in percentage equal to 2.4% of the considered population. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the correlation between the presence of antisperm antibodies and infertility. The presence of antispermatozoal antibodies has been evaluated in the serum of 124 men (aged 25-50) affected by unexplained infertility utilizing the indirect immunofluorescence and ELISA methods. The presence of antisperm antibodies has been found equal to 19.3% of the tested sera. These results show that the incidence of antisperm antibodies is higher in the serum of male partners from infertile couples than in healthy subjects (P < 0.01), also in a relatively segregated and pure population like the one studied.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Dimensions of the human aortic arch and thoracic aorta studied by nuclear magnetic resonance].

The size of the aortic arch and thoracic aorta was measured in 50 healthy volunteers studied by NMR. In each case the following parameters were measured and statistically elaborated: diameter (in mm) of ascending aorta (between onset and arch beginning), of aortic arch (intermediate zone), of isthmus, of descending aorta (between isthmus and diaphragm), of diaphragmatic isthmus; a mean diameter was also calculated, and for every diameter mean and standard deviation were obtained. Moreover, the length (in mm) of superior and inferior contours of the aortic arch, as the ratio of these two values were obtained. At last, total length of considered aortic tract, area of visualized surface and theoretic volume were obtained. For each parameter a diagram was then plotted, with age in ordinates and values of above mentioned parameters in abscissae. Statistical evaluation allows to affirm that the size of the aorta grows with ageing. On the contrary, the ratio between superior and inferior contour of the aortic arch tends to remain unvaried; this fact seems to disagree with the current opinion that the superior wall of the arch grows with age more than the inferior one.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Structural organization of the menisci of the human knee: scanning electron microscopy study].

The structure of the meniscus of the knee joint was studied in 10 human subjects after meniscectomy for acute trauma. The specimens were studied by scanning electron microscopy after cryofracture. Collagen fibres are arranged in two layers: a thin superficial zone with radially oriented fibres and a deep zone with circumferentially oriented ones. Deep fibres are surrounded by oblique fascicules. The cells are rare and oval-shaped. The observations enhance the hypothesis that the meniscus of the knee joint is not a real fibrocartilage.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Morphological characteristics of mastocytes in the infertile human testicle].

Mast cells, basophilic elements of the connective tissue, have been studied in numerous researches carried out both in man and animals. Previous studies showed that mast cells have been found in increased number in testis affected by pathology. In the present research morphologic characteristics of the mast cells in human infertile testis have been studied. Testicular biopsies obtained from 49 subjects, aged from 21 to 61 years, have been treated according to the current techniques for transmission electron microscopy. Results showed that it is possible to distinguish at least two types of mast cells: 1) "Interstitial" mast cells, large, round shaped, with great content of large characteristic granules, in relation with the loose connective tissue surrounding capillary vessels and Leydig cells; 2) "Peritubular" mast cells, flattened and relatively poor in granules, trapped in the conspicuous peritubular collagenic layers. These two types of mast cells differ from one another as concerns not only localization, but also general morphological characteristics and number and ultrastructure of cytoplasmic granules. Probably it is possible to establish a relationship between peritubular mast cells trapping and the increased deposition of fibrous connective tissue in the peritubular layers; such a deposition characterizes a lot of testicular pathologies.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Tartar and periodontal disease--a cofactor in etiopathogenesis].

Calculus may be considered as an aggregate of calcified deposits or deposits that are going to calcify in the oral cavity. From a topographical point of view calculus is classified in supragingival and subgingival calculus. Calculus is composed by inorganic (70-80%) and organic (20-30%) components. Calculus results from calcification of plaque and epithelial cells exfoliated from oral mucosae. Calcification phenomena (carbonic acid theory) are caused by a rapid fall down of salivary acidity when saliva springs out gland ducts. In fact in the mouth there is a lower pressure of carbon dioxide than in the gland ducts. From this fact results that calcium bicarbonate (dissolvable) becomes calcium carbonate (undissolvable) that forms, starting from nucleating particles, calcium carbonate crystals. Then calculus is one of the most important cofactors in the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease: a) it favors plaque growth and stabilizes it to dental and periodontal tissues; b) it favors retention of food debris and hinders dental cleaning; c) it has endotoxins and lets them free slowly; d) it hinders periodontal recovery. From this study it results that scaling and root planing are one of the first steps in periodontal therapy.

Dental Calculus↗
PubMed1991

[The gastric mucosa of the human fetus. II. Ontogenesis of the gastric glands in the strict sense].

The ontogenesis of the gastric glands of the fundus-corpus zone (oxyntic glands), in 37 human foetuses ranging from 9 to 16 weeks of gestational age, has been studied by light and electron microscopy. At 9 weeks of age the gastric mucosa already shows numerous and well developed gastric pits. Between 9 and 12 weeks of age, the proliferation of the epithelial cells at the bottom of the gastric pits gives rise to the glandular buds; the glandular lumen comes out later, at 13-16 weeks of age. The differentiation of the epithelial cells in the developing oxyntic glands does not occur simultaneously; on the basis of their morphological distinctive features it is possible to distinguish four principal types of epithelial cells: the endocrine cells are already present at 9 weeks of age; the parietal cells appear at 11-12 weeks; whereas the mucous neck cells and the zymogen cells can be recognized from the 12th week. During the studied gestational period no morphological sign of active exocrine secretion of oxyntic glands has been observed.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1990

[Morphological findings in cryptorchism in the adult male].

Cryptorchidism, the most common endocrine disturbance in the newborn, is still present in 0.3% of all postpubertal men as monolateral or bilateral condition. The undescended testis, in postpubertal age, is permanently damaged, so about 80% of cryptorchids are subfertile or definitively sterile. In the present study we relate our observations on structure and ultrastructure of testicular biopsies obtained from 29 cryptorchid men aged from 16 to 64. The individual pattern of morphological alterations is closely related to age and position of undescended testis. The following aspects are recognizable in cryptorchid testis: 1) seminiferous tubules reduced in size and irregular in shape; 2) tubular lumen occluded; 3) reduced germ cell population; 4) altered stages of spermatogenesis; 5) increased thickness of spermatogonia layer; 6) vacuolization of germ cells; 7) polynucleated germ cells; 8) acrosomal deformities; 9) delivery of immature germ cells; 10) Sertolisation of the seminiferous tubule; 11) immature Sertoli cells; 12) multilayered and thickened basement lamina; 13) peritubular fibrosis; 14) vascular fibrosis; 15) vacuolisation of Leydig cells; 16) interstitial mastocytosis. The findings present a mosaic of the morphological events, that are characteristic not only of the undescended testis but also of numerous testicular pathologies as well as of other conditions as prolonged hyperthermia, experimental ischaemia and senescence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Presence of antisperm antibodies in the serum of Sardinian adult people. I. Study on healthy adult men in north Sardinia.

Infertility is a problem estimated to occur in 15-20% of couples. Among many possible causes of this condition, an immunological factor must be considered, in particular the presence of antibodies to spermatozoa in the serum and also in the seminal plasma. Several researches agree in reporting that the incidence of such antibodies is considerably higher in men affected by impairment of spermatogenesis than in healthy subjects as showed also in our Institute. In order to widen our knowledge of the topic at issue, considering that there are no data concerning this problem in Sardinia, we thought it right to begin an epidemiological research about the incidence of antispermatozoal antibodies in the resident, adult and seemingly healthy male population. Therefore, we have tested the serum of 250 men, aged from 20 to 50, habitual blood donors registered in Transfusional Centres of North Sardinia, who have never manifested failures of the reproductive system; for the detection of the antispermatozoal antibodies, we have adopted the indirect immunofluorescence assay. The first results show that, in a few cases, corresponding to 2.4 per cent, also in a highly selected population antibodies to spermatozoa were present, and they were directed particularly against the acrosome and the equatorial segment. The ultimate aim of the research is to give epidemiological data, concerning both sexes, that may be utilized in a wider study of the local causes of infertility.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The gastric mucosa of the human fetus. I. The surface epithelium].

The ontogenesis of the surface epithelium in the gastric mucosa was studied by means of light and electron microscopy in 41 human foetuses ranging from 7th to 12th week of gestational age. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: 1) At the 7th week the gastric mucosa shows a simple pseudostratified epithelium; the epithelial cells are undifferentiated and filled, with glycogen clusters. 2) From the 8th week the epithelial surface shows small depressions that become deeper in the mesenchyme making the first bud of the gastric foveolae. 3) At the 9-10th week the gastric foveolae are more developed. The cells of the gastric epithelium can be therefore separated in two populations: a) the cells of the foveolae; b) the cell of the mucosal surfaces. 4) At the 12th week the cells of the mucosal surface become, on the basis of their histochemical and ultrastructural characteristics, surface mucous cells. The morphological differentiation is testified mainly by the transposition of the nuclei in the basal parts of the cells and by the gradual substitution of the cytoplasmic glycogen by mucous granules.

Epithelium↗
PubMed1983

Experimental varicocele in the rat--a new experimental model. I. Effect on testicular structure.

A new experimental model of a varicoele in the rat is proposed. The study has been carried out on the Wistar rat in which the gonadal vein enters into the iliac vein. A varicocoele was induced in different ways: by complete or incomplete ligature of the iliac vein medial to the entry of the gonadal bein (Group I and II); by creating a venous compression by positioning the iliac artery in front of the vein, thus reproducing the so called "nut cracker" phenomenon (Group III); by creation of a small arterio-venous fistula by means of a side-to-side anastomosis between the iliac artery and vein. The results were studied macroscopically and histologically. The damage was most evident in Group III and significant in Group IV, but the absence of damage to the contralateral testis remains unexplained.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Steroidogenic activity in the amniotic epithelium].

For evaluation of the steroid-producing structures during pregnancy, the human amnion has been studied from the early stages of pregnancy to the term by means of histo-enzymologic and submicroscopic techniques. The histo-enzymatic tests have shown the presence hydroxysteroid of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase in the cells of the amniotic epithelium throughout pregnancy. Also scattered mesenchymal cells of the subepithelial fibroblastic layer showed a positive reaction in their cytoplasm. Using FRIEND and BRASSIL's (1970) technique a steroidogenetic activity has been demonstrated at the level of the amniotic epithelium both in semithin and in ultrathin sections, the latter observed by electron microscopy. The above mentioned results suggest that the amniotic epithelium represents a site of steroidogenesis and conversion of steroids and plays, also under this point of view, an important role in the physiology of pregnancy.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An experimental study of the effect of ischemia on testicular structure in the rat. Efficacy of intravenous inosine.

The damages caused by experimental testicular ischemia lasting 60 minutes have been examined in the rat. The histologic alterations of the germinal epithelium and of the tunica propria are studied, using semi-thin sections stained with 1% toluidine blue. The results show that a testicular ischemia of 60 minutes causes damages to the testicular structures. These damages cannot be prevented or avoided by either surface cooling or cold perfusion; however, intravenous inosine prior to ischemia has a protective effect.

Animals↗