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Biomedical subjects

A Morell

Publications and source records attributed to A Morell.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

[Familial autoimmune hemolytic animia (AIHA) with negative Coombs test, lymphocytopenia and hypogammaglobulinemia].

A family with several cases of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and dysgammaglobulinemia is described. Two sibling had documented antierythrocyte antibodies, but a third had repeatedly negative Coombs tests. Diminished immunoglobulin-producing cells and a hypogammaglobulinemia were found, but no functional defect of humoral or cell-mediated immunity could be detected.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1975

[Thrombocytopenia in Waldenstrom's disease with specific antithrombocytic properties of the IgM paraprotein].

The serum of a patient suffering from thrombocytopenia associated with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia was found to contain an IgM paraprotein with unusual characteristics. Following isolation of this IgM paraprotein, dilutions up to 0.01 mg/ml caused immunofluorescence of thrombocytes from man, sheep, rabbit, and horse. In control studies with isolated IgM paraprotein from another non-thrombocytopenic patient with Waldenström's disease, positive immunofluorescence could be elicited only when a 1000-fold greater concentration of the paraprotein was used. The IgM paraprotein from our thrombocytopenic patient and that from the control patient showed comparable differences in immunofluorescence of thrombocytes and megacaryocytes when bone marrow smears were used for incubation. Further studies following papain cleavage of the IgM paraprotein with antithrombocytic activity showed that the combining activity was located in the Fab fragment. This observation characterizes the IgM paraprotein from our patient as an antibody directed to a substance in human and animal thrombocytes. Paraproteins with antibody-like activity for thrombocytes have not been identified previously; the present observation suggests that this mechanism should be considered a possible cause of thrombocytopenia associated with macroglobulinemia.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1975

Clinical tolerance and catabolism of plasmin-treated gamma-globulin for intravenous application.

Plasmin-treated gamma-globulin of placental origin was tested in clinical and laboratory studies and found to be suitable for intravenous use both for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes. Plasmin treatment of gamma-globulin (IgG) results in proteolytic cleavage of 60-70% of the molecules into Fab and Fc fragments whereas 30-40% of the molecules are plasmin resistant. The antibody spectrum of plasmin-treated gamma-globulin is similar to that of standard gamma-globulin. Catabolic properties of the plasmin-resistant portion of this preparation and of standard gamma-globulin are identical. Plasmin-treated gamma-globulin has no anticomplementary activity and its intravenous administration is well tolerated even by highly sensitive immunodeficient patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Immunoglobulin patterns in humans over 95 years of age.

Immunoglobulin patterns were investigated in seventy-three volunteers older than 95 years. An idiopathic paraproteinaemia was found in 19% of the cases. A restriction of heterogeneity and an imbalance in the kappa/lambda ratio of the immunoglobulins was seen in a number of other sera. Determinations of immunoglobulin levels in sera of individuals without paraproteinaemia showed an increase in IgA and IgG. The quantitations of the IgG subclasses demonstrated that an increase in the IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses is responsible for the elevated level of the IgG. The variation in the immunoglobulin levels increased significantly with age of IgM and for the three major IgG subclasses. No abnormalities were found in the urine or in the mixed saliva. These results indicate that selective changes in the extent of the antibody-immunoglobulin repertoire characterize the immunoglobulin pattern of ageing man.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Autoantibodies with antilipoprotein specificity and hypolipoproteinemia in patients with cancer.

Sera from 151 patients with a variety of cancers were screened for antibody-like activity against lipoproteins. Eighteen % of the sera exhibited activity against autologous and homologous high-density lipoproteins and 3% exhibited activity autologous and homologous low-density lipoprotiens. Antibody-like binding was proven by its restriction to the Fab fragment of IgG. The reactive part of the lipoprotein molecule was shown to be the appoprotein. Quantiation of the serum lipoproteins indicated that thehigh-density lipoprotien concentration in the sera of cancer patients was significantly lower (psmaller than 0.01) when antibody was present. These observation suggest that autoimmune mechanisms may be responsible for the decreased high-density lipoprotein serum levels in some patients with cancer.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗
PubMed1975

Cytoplasmic immunofluorescence of bone marrow plasma cells producing immunoglobulins of the four IgG subclasses.

Immunofluorescence studies were performed on bone marrow samples from 21 individuals with normal or slightly elevated serum IgG levels. On the average, 40.7 percent of the IgG-positive plasma cells contained molecules of the subclass IgG; 30.6 percent had intracellular IgG2; 21.7 percent, IgG3, and 7.0 percent, IgG4. These figures were compared to the relative serum IgG subclass concentrations. The principal finding was the discrepancy between the high relative number of IgG-3 producing bone marrow plasma cells and the low relative IgG3-producing bone marrow plasma cells and the low relative IgG3 serum concentration (5.5 percent of the total IgG). It was explained by the short biologic half-life of molecules of this subclass.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Tumor immunology (author's transl)].

Prerequisites for immunobiological interactions between host and tumor are the existence of tumor-specific surface antigens on cancer cells on the one hand, and the ability of the host to recognize and to adequately respond to these signals on the other. It seems that in certain selected animal models these conditions are matched. The relations of the spontaneously arising human tumors to these prerequisites, however, are still largely obscure. It is known that immunological measures can both accelerate or inhibit tumor growth. Thus, immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy in man is still premature and too risky.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

IgG - subclass abnormalities in primary immunodeficiency diseases.

IgG-subclass levels were determined in the sera of 45 patients suffering from various types of immunodeficiency disease. Imbalances of IgG-subclass concentrations were found in 25 cases. IgG-4 levels were most frequently more depressed than the levels of the other subclasses. The percentage distribution of IgG-subclasses was normal in the remaining 20 sera. In a patient with autosomal recessive alymphocytic agammaglobulinemia, subclass concentrations drastically increased after bone marrow transplantion showing transient peaks of restricted heterogeneity. Normal IgG-subclass levels were reached at the end of the observation period.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

immunoperturbation in paraproteinemia.

The immunoperturbations in paraproteinemias are due predominantly to a disturbance of the B-cell system. The immunologic deficiency is characterized clinically by an increased susceptibility to infections and serologically by a reduction of the nonmyeloma immunoglobulins. In advances cases the capacity to produce specific antibodies is impaired. This may be attributed to a low rate of synthesis or an increased catabolism of normal immunoglobulins.

B-Lymphocytes↗