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Biomedical subjects

A Morozumi

Publications and source records attributed to A Morozumi.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Endoscopic urease sensor system for detecting Helicobacter pylori on gastric mucosa.

BACKGROUND: It is now accepted that the curing of Helicobacter pylori infection will result in healing of chronic active gastritis and will change the natural history of gastroduodenal ulcer disease. Both endoscopic observation and evaluation of H. pylori status of the stomach are necessary for diagnosis and treatment of such patients. We carried out a clinical evaluation of an endoscopic tube type urease sensor system for the detection of H. pylori on the gastric mucosa. The differential output of two pH-sensitive field effect transistors at the tip of the endoscopic tube reflects the pH change in a urea solution depending on the existence of urease. METHODS: In vitro experiments and clinical evaluation of the system were performed. Fifty-one patients who were suspected to have a gastroduodenal disorder were examined for H. pylori infection with this system, using the combination of histologic and bacteriologic examinations and rapid urease test as the references. RESULTS: Clinical sensitivity and specificity of this system were 26 of 28 (92.9%) and 22 of 23 (95.7%), respectively. A measurement at 1 site is completed in about 1 minute. Repetition of the procedure provides multi-site measurements. CONCLUSIONS: The present system makes possible quick on-site detection of H. pylori under endoscopic observation, with satisfactory sensitivity and specificity.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Lipopolysaccharide-binding proteins and their involvement in the bacterial clearance from the hemolymph of the silkworm Bombyx mori.

Proteins having the ability to bind to Escherichia coli K12W3110 (rough (R) mutant) were isolated and purified by affinity precipitation from the larval hemolymph of the silkworm Bombyx mori. These proteins were found to consist of two components with molecular masses of 43 kDa and 40 kDa by SDS/PAGE. They bound to all E. coli R mutants (Ra, Rb1, Rc, Rd1 and Re) and Salmonella minnesota R mutants. However, they did not bind to smooth types of the above bacteria. They bound to both lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-coated and lipid-A-coated microtiter plates and have similar dissociation constants for LPS and lipid A. This indicates that the binding proteins recognize the lipid A portion of LPS and thus, we have named these proteins BmLBP (B. mori LPS-binding proteins). We also found that BmLBP participated in the clearance of E. coli cells injected into the body cavity of the silkworm.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1996

[An investigation of the factors influencing serum pepsinogen levels--sex, age, smoking, drinking].

BACKGROUND: Until now, the influence of sex, age, smoking, drinking on serum pepsinogen levels has been assessed by single regression analysis. However, the influence of those factors on pepsinogen levels should be assessed exactly by multiple regression analyses. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 891 subjects were collected from by questionnaire and serum tests. Analyses were done with serum pepsinogen I (PG I), pepsinogen II (PG II) and pepsinogen I/II ratio (PG I/II) as a criterion variable and as categorized explanatory variables, sex, age, current or past smoking habit, and current drinking habit. And analyses are done by Mann-Whitney U test, correlation coefficient, single regression method, multiple regression method. RESULTS: PG I level is significantly higher in men than in women by Mann-Whitney U test. But the effect of sex factor is not remarkable by multiple regression analyses. PG II level increased and PG I/II level decreased with progression of age by all analyses methods. Current or past smoking elevates PG I level by Mann-Whitney U test, but current smoking dose and past smoking amount showed no dose-dependent associations with PG I level. Current drinking elevates PG I level by Mann-Whitney U test, but current drinking dose showed no dose-dependent associations with PG I. However, the effects of current smoking and current drinking to serum PG levels is not so large by multiple regression analyses. CONCLUSION: The effects of sex, current smoking and current drinking to serum PG levels are not remarkable by multiple regression analyses. Significantly, PG II level increased and PG I/II level decreased with progression of age. Therefore it may not be necessary to consider the effects of sex, smoking habit and drinking habit when serum pepsinogen levels are used as markers for gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Quality of peptic ulcer healing induced by lansoprazole and roxatidine.

This study reports preliminary results of a controlled, multicenter trial on the quality of ulcer healing induced by lansoprazole (LPZ) or roxatidine (R) in gastric ulcer (GU) or duodenal ulcer (DU) patients. Group A received LPZ 30 mg q.d. and group B received R 75 mg b.i.d. All drugs were given for 8 weeks in GU and for 6 weeks in DU. Endoscopy and gastric biopsy were performed to detect Helicobacter pylori before and on completion of treatment. The healing rates of groups A and B were 100 and 69.2%, respectively, in GU and 100 and 70.0%, respectively, in DU. This difference (p < 0.01) was significant between the two groups in GU. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the S2 stage shift rate in GU and DU. The H. pylori clearance rates of groups A and B were 33.3 and 20.0%, respectively, in GU and 62.5 and 33.3%, respectively, in DU. The differences in treatment response (healing rates and S2 shift rates) between the LPZ group and the R group may be related to the differences in suppression of acid secretion and in bactericidal effects on H. pylori.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1994

Morphologic changes in the pancreas detected by screening ultrasonography in a mass survey, with special reference to main duct dilatation, cyst formation, and calcification.

Subclinical morphologic changes in the pancreas detected by screening ultrasonography of 130,951 subjects were analyzed in relation to their incidence and background factors. Main pancreatic duct (MPD) dilatation, cystic lesion, and calcification were found in 644 (0.49%), 271 (0.21%) and 65 (0.05%) patients, respectively. The incidence of MPD dilatation and calcification was significantly higher in men (p < 0.0001), whereas cystic lesion was significantly more frequent in women (p < 0.01). Age-dependent increase in the incidence of MPD dilatation and cystic lesion was observed in both sexes whereas that of calcification was observed only in men. Further detailed examinations for 312 randomly selected patients with these findings revealed that 97% of MPD dilatation, 95% of cystic lesion, and 86% of calcification were correctly identified by ultrasonography. Finally, 18 (5.8%) patients with chronic pancreatitis, 16 (5.1%) with neoplastic cysts, 3 with mucin-producing tumors, and 3 with carcinomas (0.96%, respectively) were detected. On the other hand, in 84.0% of MPD dilatation, 87.4% of cystic lesion, and 50.0% of calcification, we could not attribute their etiology to any known pancreatic disease. It is indicated that aging and gender are major clinically related factors of these changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Gastric carcinoma, an endoscopically curable disease.

Following refinement of endoscopic diagnosis of gastric cancer, the concept of 'early gastric carcinoma' and its endoscopic features have become established. After the wide acceptance of the techniques of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), laser therapy and accurate endoscopic-endosonographic assessment of the depth of invasion, curative endoscopic treatment of intramucosal gastric carcinoma has become established. On the basis of the analysis of lymphatic metastasis, the indications for endoscopic treatment of gastric carcinoma have been defined as (1) well-differentiated, intramucosal adenocarcinoma of a superficial elevated lesion (diameter < 2 cm), and (2) well-differentiated, intramucosal adenocarcinoma of a superficial depressed lesion (diameter < 1 cm) having no ulcer or scar inside. The preferred procedure of endoscopic treatment is EMR with careful histological examination of the resected specimen. It is supplemented by repeat EMR, laser therapy, or surgical gastrectomy in case of incomplete resection. For detection of residual cancer and recurrence, periodic endoscopic follow-up is necessary. Early gastric carcinoma is endoscopically curable.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Electronic endoscopy in perspective.

Electronic endoscopy, developed in 1983, enables the endoscopic image to be transmitted through electric signals that can be easily processed by computer. An electronic endoscope is composed of three vital parts, i.e., a charge-coupled device (CCD) that converts the image to electric signals, a video processor that converts analog electric signals to the digital and processes them to become video signals, and a television monitor. The introduction of electronic endoscopy has enabled computer management of endoscopic images, on one hand, and provided an opportunity for image processing and analysis, on the other. A digital image management system will further develop into a database of endoscopic images. Combined with the technologies of remote control and remote sensing, the introduction of CCD to endoscopy has made it possible to transform the endoscope, so that it could become a capsule. Future advances in the research of image processing and analysis will lead to the development of a system of automated endoscopic diagnosis.

Electronics, Medical↗
PubMed1993

Morphological changes of small pancreatic cysts in response to secretin stimulation. Observation by endoscopic ultrasonography.

It is difficult to discriminate clinically the etiology of small pancreatic cysts using conventional methods. Endoscopic ultrasonography can delineate small lesions. In order to help differentiate the etiology of cystic lesions of the pancreas by endoscopic ultrasonography, we investigated morphological changes following stimulation of the pancreatic secretion with secretin. After an intravenous injection of secretin (50 CU), the size, shape, and echogenicity of a cyst smaller than 2 cm were recorded for 15 min. Of 17 cases examined, 10 patients showed an alteration of these factors. These cases were thought to be nonneoplastic cysts, which included all six cases where communication to the main pancreatic duct was demonstrated by ERCP. Five cases of neoplastic cyst did not show the change in shape and size. These results indicate that secretin stimulation provides useful information in the diagnosis of the etiology of pancreatic cyst by endoscopic ultrasonography.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Ultrasonographic follow-up study of small pancreatic cysts of unknown etiology.

The aim of the present project was to evaluate the prognosis of small and asymptomatic cysts of the pancreas which were diagnosed as being nonneoplastic by endoscopic ultrasonography. Eighty-two patients with such cysts had been subjected to ultrasonographic examination every 6 months. Results of follow-up for 3 or more years were obtained in 31 patients. The cysts disappeared in 4 patients and enlarged in 1 patient. The others did not show any morphological changes. The enlarged cyst turned out to be a retention cyst after surgical resection. Our endoscopic ultrasonographic criteria were effective for small nonneoplastic cysts of the pancreas, and most of these cysts appeared to be nonprogressive.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Digital/analog hybrid system for filing of endoscopic images.

A new system was developed for filing all the endoscopic images generated in our hospital. The system is composed of an on-line network for analog images supplied from the endoscopy stations and stored on 300 mm optical disks, on the one hand, and an off-line PACS for digital images recorded on a 130 mm magneto-optical disk (MOD) at each endoscopy station, on the other. For close examination of the images digital images are displayed from the MOD on a high-resolution computer graphic monitor, and for quick review of a large number of images, analog images are retrieved from the 300-mm optical disks. This system has been in clinical use at our university hospital for the past year and has proven useful for education of endoscopy, for the quality control of the endoscopy practice, and for the management of the patients.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1992

Endoscopic image manipulation: state of the art.

Fundamental techniques and commonly employed algorithms for image manipulation of endoscopic images were reviewed, but only in a few instances was any novel information obtained. New software was recently developed for medium-frequency band enhancement: From the correlation distribution of image data in the RGB color space (distribution 1), only those data components depicting the fine structure patterns were extracted. The correlation distribution of the latter components was subsequently studied in the same space (distribution 2); the original image data were so processed that distribution 1 would be enhanced along the axis of greatest variation seen in distribution 2. This algorithm of image processing was successful in detecting minute surface structures of the mucosa hidden by the overlying mucus in the original images. It seems to be the first successful algorithm of image processing that obtained specific effects of enhancement without simultaneous noise enhancement.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1992

Alpha-fetoprotein producing carcinoma of the gallbladder associated with anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system--early detection through an attack of acute pancreatitis.

A 56-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. Ultrasonography revealed a hypoechoic tumor in the gallbladder. The serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level was 971 ng/ml. After healing of the acute pancreatitis, the anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system (APDS) was demonstrated by ERCP with mild dilatation of the common bile duct. Within one month after admininon, AFP level reached 4390 ng/ml. On operation, a pedunculated tumor, 6.5 x 3 cm in size, was found in the gallbladder. Histological examination revealed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma and positive immunohistochemical staining of cancer cells for AFP. After absolutely curative (stage II) resection, normal serum AFP levels were recognized. This is the first report of an AFP-producing cancer of the gallbladder associated with APDS and it was detected as a result of an attack of acute pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

Development of an integrated filing system for endoscopic images.

A new integrated filing system for endoscopic images has been developed, comprising a main image filing system and subsystems located at different stations. A hybrid filing system made up of both digital and analog filing devices was introduced to construct this system that combines the merits of the two filing methods. Each subsystem provided with a video processor, is equipped with a digital filing device, and routine images were recorded in the analog image filing device of the main system. The use of a multi-input adapter enabled simultaneous input of analog images from up to 8 video processors. Recorded magneto-optical disks make it possible to recall the digital images at any station in the hospital; the disks are copied without image degradation and also utilised for image processing. This system promises reliable storage and integrated, efficient management of endoscopic information. It also costs less to install than the so-called PACS (picture archiving and communication system), which connects all the stations of the hospital using optical fiber cables.

Analog-Digital Conversion↗
PubMed1991

[Relationship between an involvement of Oddi's sphincter in a choledochopancreatic junction and clinical appearances in 120 patients with anomalous arrangement of the pancreatico-biliary ductal system].

We studied relationship between an involvement of Oddi's sphincter in a choledochopancreatic junction and clinical appearances in 120 patients with anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system. The 120 composed of 83 with a sphincteric mechanism at the junction of the common bile and pancreatic duct and 37 without the sphincteric mechanism. We found that influences of sphincteric mechanism at the junction closely related to the length of the common duct between an orifice of the papilla of Vater and a junction of the common bile and pancreatic duct. And in all 83 with a sphincteric mechanism at the junction the length of the common duct showed less than 1.5 cm, and in all 37 without a sphincteric mechanism at the junction the common duct showed more than 1.5 cm in length. There was no correlation between a distribution of the sphincter muscle and clinical appearances, association with congenital choledochal cyst, cholelithiasis and bile duct cancer in the 120 patients.

Adult↗