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Biomedical subjects

A Mukhtar

Publications and source records attributed to A Mukhtar.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Study of unmet need for family planning in Dar Assalam, Sudan 2001.

In this descriptive study, the main objective was to determine the magnitude of unmet need for family planning among women of child-bearing age (15-49 years) in Dar Assalam. Using a detailed questionnaire, we studied 530 ever-married women selected randomly through a multistage sampling technique. Current use of contraception was 21.3%. Using the Westoff model, unmet need was 30.7%. Contraceptive pills were the most commonly used method, 92%. Knowledge on contraception was 61.3% for a single method and 23.4% > or = 2 methods. Knowledge was obtained mainly from relatives, 48.6%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Sickle cell erythrostasis and non-specific hepatitis and peritonium tubercle hyperplasia. Case report.

Hepatic and bile duct involvement are common in sickle cell disease. This is a histopathological case report of a 40 year old female with sickle cell non-specific hepatitis and peritoneum tubercle hyperplasia. The histopathology diagnosis of liver biopsy was erythrostasis and non-specific hepatitis and for peritoneal tubercle was non-specific chronic inflammation with mesothelial hyperplasia. Involvement in a subgroup of patients with SCD. Hepatic and bile duct involvement are common in sickle cell disease. It is recommended that for dyspeptic SCD patients diagnostic labroscopy could be helpful in the diagnosis of peritoneal tubercle, therefore for performing the histopathology of peritoneal tubercle biopsy sections.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Accident prevention program in a glass factory in Shoubra El Khema district.

BACKGROUND: An accident can be defined as an unplanned event that results in or suggests the possibility of personal injury, property damage production interruption diminished health or environmental damage. The accidents have a cost impact on the employees and the company itself. OBJECTIVE: This intervention study was carried out to decrease the accident rate in a glass factory in Shoubra El-Khema district. METHODS: A glass factory in Shoubra El-Khema was selected to implement an intervention program. The program was done through three phases. 1. A preliminary interview questionnaire. 2. Seminars of health education were done to all workers and managers with availability of health education posters, establishment of accident committee and a new reporting system, contract with a housekeeping company was done and also training of some leaders. 3. Concurrent and final evaluation of the program was done. RESULTS: The incidence rate, frequency and severity rate of accidents were decreased at the end of the year after the intervention program. The differences were statistically significant. The opinions of the workers and managers about the different causes of accidents were changed. The belief of the workers and managers about efficiency of health educatio program was changed. Some leaders were trained on skills of health education. Modification of reporting and notification system was done. CONCLUSION: This intervention study succeeded in decreasing accidents rates and increasing the awareness of the managers to decrease accident rates. The beliefs and thoughts o both workers and managers became near to each other. The production loss due to days lost by accidents was reduced. RECOMMENDATIONS: Upgrading process in the factory are recommended to eliminate the hazards at source. Sustaining and continuation of the established preventive program should be done. Trying to apply the program in similar factories is also recommended.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1999

Urine protein electrophoresis of renal transplant recipients using room temperature precipitation technique.

Proteinuria is one of the markers of renal diseases. Its quantitative measurements alone limited diagnostic conclusions. To determine the extent of precipitated proteinuria as a tool for diagnosis, I used the precipitated urine protein without any effect of any chemical and heat for protein precipitation utilizing an approach which was developed previously (Ahmed Mukhtar, 1997 & 1998). Two samples of urine (5 c.c each) from two different occasions were collected from 8 renal transplant recipients with and 7 normal healthy persons without any history of renal involvement. The samples were dried at room temperature without adding any chemical for 24 hours and precipitated urine was diluted in 0.3-0.5 ml distilled water. Then were run on Bekman apparatus Paragon Electrophoresis System and scanned for electrophoresis bands for the following proteins in BDF hospital: albumin, alpha 1, alpha 2, beta, and gamma. The pattern of electrophoresis graph and bands were different in the urine of patients compared to the urine of healthy persons. There were alterations in alpha 1 and beta proteins in the urine of renal transplant recipients. This technique illustrates a feasible approach to estimate the protein alteration in renal transplant recipients, and this pilot study could be used as a tool for further studies.

Chemical Precipitation↗
PubMed1997

Kallikreins and kinins in inflammatory-like events in the reproductive tract.

The normal reproductive events of proliferation of the endometrial lining of the uterus during the menstrual cycle and ovulation have been likened to inflammatory-like events. The kallikrein-kinin system is involved in inflammatory processes in many tissues. In this review, we identify which components of the kallikrein-kinin system--the enzyme, tissue kallikrein; the substrate, low molecular weight kininogen and the effector receptor for the generated bradykinin peptide, the B2 receptor--have been identified in the uterus and ovary and their known involvement in the function of these organs. All three components have been localized to the glandular epithelial cells of the human endometrium. Tissue kallikrein gene expression is elevated midcycle when estrogens levels are also rising. This is also a time of extensive endometrial proliferation and tissue remodelling in preparation for embryo implantation, an event which is likened to other inflammatory processes. Similarly, tissue kallikrein gene expression was elevated following the estrogen surge at proestrous in the rat uterus, suggesting tissue kallikrein gene expression may be regulated by estrogens. Tissue kallikrein enzyme activity and gene expression has been demonstrated in the rat ovary and shown to be variously altered at the time of ovulation. Bradykinin has also been implicated in the expulsion of the ovum at the time of ovulation. These findings show that various components of the kallikrein-kinin system are present in the uterus and ovary. Further studies are required to more fully delineate their role in reproductive function.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Tissue kallikrein and the bradykinin B2 receptor are expressed in endometrial and prostate cancers.

KLK1/tissue kallikrein is a member of a family of structurally related serine proteases which exhibit a diverse range of enzymic activities. Other members of this family of genes and the bradykinin (B2) receptor have been implicated in cancer processes. The KLK genes are expressed in various organs of the reproductive tract, including the prostate and uterus. In this study, we have examined whether KLK1/tissue kallikrein and the B2 receptor were both expressed in cancers emanating from these organs. We have shown that KLK1/tissue kallikrein and the B2 receptor are expressed, to varying degrees, in prostate disease and 2 human prostate cancer cell-lines, LNCaP and DU145. KLK1 is also expressed in a range of endometrial cancers, although at lower levels than that observed for normal human endometrial tissues. These findings suggest that a functional kallikrein-kinin system is present in prostate disease, in particular, which may be important in the process of tumorigenesis in this tissue.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1997

Effect of PMA and IL-1 on matrix proteins with special reference to kidney mesangial cells.

Cytokines have different effects on the extracellular matrix proteins which were produced by a number of different cell lines. The extracellular matrix proteins fibronectin, collagen IV, vitronectin, laminin, proteoglycan, fetal proteoglycan and actin; and the cells human mesangial, BeWo, Hep G2 and BHK using APAAP and dot-blot assay were used. It was shown that IL-1 and PMA increased the staining intensity of proteoglycan, fibronectin and collagen IV and vitronectin and did not alter the intensity of staining. While PMA and IL-1 decreased but did not alter laminin, PMA increased the staining intensity of proteoglycan in mesangial cells but not altered in mesangial cells stimulated with IL-1. These results show that PMA and IL-1 altered the production and secretion of extracellular matrix proteins, these in turn could lead to the alteration of pore size, matrix properties and filtration of mesangial cells, and thus influence pathological conditions of renal diseases.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1996

Kallikrein gene expression in human pituitary tissues.

OBJECTIVE: The glandular kallikreins are a family of enzymes involved in the post-translational processing of polypeptides. Three family members have been characterized in the human: glandular kallikrein (KLK1) and two genes expressed in the prostate, KLK2 or hGK1 and KLK3 or prostate specific antigen (PSA). Both kallikrein immunoreactivity and KLK1 mRNA have been detected in the rat anterior pituitary and oestrogen induced prolactinomas. Immunoreactive kallikrein has also been reported in prolactin secreting pituitary tumours in humans. In this study we wished to determine whether KLK1 and/or other KLK genes were expressed in human pituitary tumours. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: Retrospective analysis of KLK gene expression in pituitary tissue obtained at surgery from 11 patients with a range of pituitary syndromes, 10 of which were tumour induced and included four prolactinomas. Three normal pituitaries, obtained at necropsy, were also analysed. MEASUREMENTS: Pituitary total RNA was subjected to both Northern blot analysis, with KLK1 and KLK2 cDNA probes, and KLK-specific reverse transcriptase -- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: No KLK1 gene expression was detected on Northern blot analysis although expression of PRL, GH and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) was variously detected. KLK RT-PCR coupled with Southern blot analysis using oligonucleotide probes specific for each of the three KLK genes was positive in many tumours but with varying levels and differential expression. Overall, KLK1 was the most abundant with KLK3 the least. The identity of KLK1 and KLK2 was confirmed by sequencing the PCR products. There was no obvious correlation between KLK1 and hormone gene expression; KLK1 was present in PRL positive and negative tumours and in normal pituitary tissue. CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated a low level of expression of KLK1 as well as KLK2 and KLK3 in the human pituitary. The expression of KLK2 and KLK3 in the pituitary is a novel finding. The lack of correlation between PRL and KLK1 gene expression is an unexpected finding suggesting that the interaction between these factors may be more complex in the human pituitary than in the rodent model.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

MP84 expression in the urine specimens of acute rejection renal transplant recipients.

MP84 is a novel protein synthesized in response to all cytokines. This antigen is expressed only in stimulated mesangial cells and decreased kidney sections, but not in the normal kidney sections (1,2). This study was performed to determine the excretion of MP84 in the urine of renal transplant recipients with acute rejection. Six persons with renal transplant acute rejection and 10 healthy persons were included. Two urine specimens from each person were collected. Dot-blot assay was performed. It was shown that 12 urine specimens from 6 persons with acute rejection revealed MP84 in the matrix dot-blot assay while there was no staining for MP84 in the urine specimens of healthy persons. This could be due to the immunological alteration during the acute rejection which could lead to autocrine and paracrine secretion of growth factors and then the excretion of MP84 in the urine. The mechanism of MP84 secretion is not clear.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

MP 48 expression in red blood cells of renal transplant recipients.

MP48 is a protein expressed in diseased kidney sections but not in normal kidney sections. It is also expressed in the spleen, liver and pancrease but not in the erythrocytes of healthy persons. This study shows that MP48 is expressed in the erythrocytes of renal transplant recipients using an EPICS-C flow cytometer (Coulter Immunology). The expression of this antigen amongst renal transplant recipients reveals some pathological and immunological alteration amongst renal transplant recipients for the production of MP48 protein.

Antigens↗
PubMed1995

Kallikrein gene family expression in the rat ovary: localization to the granulosa cell.

The glandular or tissue kallikreins are a multigene family of serine proteases, of which 13 genes (rKLK1-13) have been identified in the rat and are expressed in a wide variety of tissues. Kallikrein-like enzyme activity has been detected during the periovulatory period in the gonadotropin-primed immature female rat ovary and suggested to play a role in the inflammatory-like response at ovulation. In this study, we examined whether this enzyme activity was due to local expression of a rat KLK gene family member. Ovarian RNA, prepared from gonadotropin-treated animals, was assessed for rKLK gene expression by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with universal rKLK primers derived from highly conserved regions in the rat KLK genes. Southern blot analysis of the RT-PCR products, using oligonucleotide probes specific for the individual genes, indicated that five rKLK gene family members, rKLK1 (encoding true kallikrein), rKLK3, rKLK7, rKLK8, and rKLK9, were expressed at varying levels in the ovaries of both untreated control and gonadotropin-treated immature female rats. The identities of these five rKLK messenger RNAs were further confirmed by DNA sequence analysis of the PCR products. In situ hybridization of gonadotropin-treated ovaries localized rKLK3 and rKLK7 gene expression to the luteinizing granulosa cells of periovulatory follicles. In an enriched population of nonluteinizing granulosa cells prepared from estrogen-primed animals, we also demonstrated rKLK3, rKLK7, rKLK9, and rKLK12 (but not rKLK1 or rKLK8) expression, whereas all six genes were expressed in the ovaries of these animals. In summary, we have reported the expression of six KLK gene family members in the rat ovary and localized this expression primarily to the granulosa cell. The potential roles of these enzymes in ovulation or other aspects of ovarian, particularly granulosa cell, function are yet to be elucidated.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Intestinal parasites in the state of Bahrain.

Intestinal parasites infections are common in the state of Bahrain, but the incidence is decreasing due to improvement in health and social standards. A community-based study sample of all population of Bahrain was done including all ages and nationalities. From 1st July 1984 to 28th February 1986, the first community-based study sample of all population of Bahrain was done including all ages and nationalities. A total number of 2123, about 0.006 of the population of 1981 census was chosen for the study. The study shown that 739 persons were infected with intestinal protozoa and helminths. The figure representing 34.8% of total sample size, whom 283 persons were symptomatic, about 38.3% of total infected sample size. Giardia lamblia and Trichuris trichuria were the most common parasites among the infected persons.

Bahrain↗
PubMed1994

Glandular kallikreins and prostate-specific antigen are expressed in the human endometrium.

Glandular or tissue kallikrein and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) are members of the human kallikrein (KLK) multigene family of enzymes. Various components of the glandular kallikrein-kinin system (kallikrein, low molecular weight kininogen, bradykinin) have been recently shown to be present or active in the human endometrium. We have used the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with universal KLK primers to demonstrate kallikrein gene expression in this tissue. On Southern blot analysis with gene-specific oligonucleotide probes, we have detected expression of the three human KLK genes--KLK1 (kallikrein), KLK2 (or hGK1) and KLK3 (PSA). The expression of KLK1 and KLK3 was further confirmed by sequence analysis of three different endometrial PCR products. These findings confirm the presence of a local kallikrein-kinin system in the human endometrium. The significance of the novel expression of KLK2 and KLK3 (PSA), previously thought to be prostate-specific genes, in the endometrium is unclear. This family of enzymes must now be considered potential local regulators of uterine function.

Base Sequence↗