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Biomedical subjects

A Mwinga

Publications and source records attributed to A Mwinga.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Radiological features of pulmonary tuberculosis in 963 HIV-infected adults at three Central African Hospitals.

Tuberculosis is one of the most important infectious complications in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals in sub-Saharan Africa. In this radiological study, we detail the chest radiographic findings of Zairean and Zambian adults with a diagnosis of AIDS and tuberculosis as seen at three Central African Hospitals. Between 1992 and 1995, consecutive chest radiographs of 963 HIV-infected adults aged between 16 years and 56 years with microbiologically confirmed tuberculosis (TB) were reviewed: (1) 362 adults from Sendwe General Hospital, Lubumbashi, Zaire, (2) 175 from Mama Yemo Hospital, Kinshasa, Zaire, and (3) 426 adults from The University Teaching Hospital (UTH), Lusaka, Zambia. During the same period consecutive chest radiographs from 1000 age-matched HIV-negative adults with tuberculosis were collected for comparative purposes. Comparison of the two groups showed that the HIV-infected group of patients with tuberculosis had a significantly higher proportion of lymphadenopathy (26% vs 13%; P = 0.001), pleural effusions (16% vs 6.8%; P = 0.001), miliary shadowing (9.8% vs 5%; P = 0.001), an interstitial pattern (12% vs 7%; P = 0.01) and consolidation (10% vs 3%; P = 0.001). There was significantly less cavitation (33% vs 78%; P = 0.001) and atelectasis (12% vs 24%; P = 0.001) seen in the HIV-positive group compared to the HIV-negative group of patients. These patterns of radiographic changes were consistently seen across all three hospital sites. The radiographic appearances in HIV-infected individuals with TB is discussed.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recruitment to a trial of tuberculosis preventive therapy from a voluntary HIV testing centre in Lusaka: relevance to implementation.

To determine the number of clients attending for voluntary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing who are able to enter a trial of preventive therapy for tuberculosis, and the factors that determine who receives therapy, we studied 475 consecutive people attending for an HIV test at Lusaka's first voluntary HIV testing centre and the preventive therapy study clinic at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia. Semi-structured interviews were conducted by counsellors and collated with recruitment data from the trial. Two hundred and twenty-five people were seropositive, of whom 201 returned to collect their results; 77 (38%) of these (16% of the total number screened) entered the trial. Reasons for not entering the trial included exclusion by trial protocol (30), including 18 who had active tuberculosis; psychological adjustment to a positive result (27); death (6); worries about confidentiality (3); the experimental nature of the trial (12); attitudes of staff in the hospital (5); and cost of transport (7). Targeting preventive therapy at those who are already choosing to be tested for HIV seems appropriate and may be cost-effective. Although visiting a hospital may deter some people, the prevalence of active tuberculosis among this group emphasized the importance of arranging adequate screening facilities.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗