Sexual deviance and disaster during the Napoleonic wars.
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History, Modern 1601-↗
Biomedical subjects
A N Gilbert
Publications and source records attributed to A N Gilbert.
Doctor, patient, and onanist diseases in the nineteenth century.
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Adolescent↗
Sex differences in task performance associated with attention to ambient odor.
The effects of ambient odor (pleasant, unpleasant, none); odor suggestion (present, absent); and sex of subject on mood and performance measures were explored in a 3 x 2 x 2 experimental design. A total of 40 men and 40 women performed a clerical task and a speed and accuracy task (digit deletion), filled out self-evaluations of mood, predicted performance, and rated the odor quality of the test room. Ambient odor conditions significantly affected room smell ratings, but they had no effect on performance or mood. Odor suggestion produced a significant sex-related interaction effect on the digit deletion task, irrespective of actual ambient odor. The results are discussed with respect to sex differences observed in laboratory studies and in epidemiological investigations of multiple chemical sensitivity and sick building syndrome.
Adult↗
Quantitative assessment of olfactory experience during pregnancy.
Results of the National Geographic Smell Survey were used to investigate the effects of pregnancy on olfactory perception and odor-related behavior. The responses to test odors and survey questions of 13,610 pregnant and 277,228 nonpregnant U.S. women between 20 and 40 years of age were analyzed. In comparison to nonpregnant women, pregnant women rated their own sense of smell lower, more often rated the test odors less pleasant smelling, more often classified the test odors as inedible, were less likely to report odor-evoked memories, and used perfume and cologne less frequently. Differences in odor detection and intensity rating did not favor either group.
Adult↗
Conceptions of homosexuality and sodomy in Western history.
This essay explores recent attempts to write the history of homosexuality and identifies two distinct approaches: the biographical approach, which reports on the private lives of individuals and charts the formation of homosexual subcultures; and the approach that studies the labeling and treatment of homosexual men and women by the heterosexual majority and examines the reasons why hatred of homosexuality increases and decreases over time. The author warns against applying modern definitions to words that have had different connotations. An an example of the possible confusion, the author discusses the two meanings of the work sodomy: unspecified sexual relations between males; and the act of anal intercourse, whether heterosexual or homosexual. Western civilization's association of the anus with evil, the devil, and bestiality is examined.
Christianity↗
Biological rhythmicity of nasal airway patency: a re-examination of the 'nasal cycle'.
Rhinomanometric observations of nasal airway patency were obtained for each nasal passage every 10 min throughout an uninterrupted 8-h session. The 49 airflow observations for each nasal passage were subjected to autocorrelation analysis, a statistical technique for quantifying periodicities in a temporal sequence of observations. No significant periodicities were found in any of the 16 subjects when the autocorrelation functions were interpreted by conventional statistical criteria. However, when less stringent criteria were applied, we found suggestive evidence for rhythmicity in one (7 subjects) or both nasal passages (2 subjects). The relationship in patency between the two sides of the nose was characterized with correlation coefficients. These correlations were significantly negative in 7 subjects, indicating bilateral reciprocity of patency. In addition, the correlations were significantly positive in one, and nonsignificant in 8 subjects. Only a minority of subjects (13%) displayed the classical nasal cycle, i.e., rhythmicity in both nasal passages as well as reciprocity of patency between passages.
Activity Cycles↗