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Biomedical subjects

A N Heiberg

Publications and source records attributed to A N Heiberg.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Access to the world's resources: women's health.

Women's health at any point in their lives, from before birth through old age, reflects a multitude of factors, including environmental, cultural, and socioeconomic. However, even in parts of the world where women have achieved control over family planning and family resources and equal men in educational opportunities, the increase in their life expectancy, although greater than men's, is flattening out. Questions on the effect the changing lifestyles have on women's health are posed, and the paper closes with a discussion of women as objects of research.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Assessment for three different forms of short-term dynamic psychotherapy. Findings from the Bergen Project.

Forty-four patients were assessed for three different short-term dynamic therapies, with an evaluation form based on Sifneos' criteria for Short-Term Anxiety-Provoking Psychotherapy (STAPP). Ten patients were ascribed to STAPP, 22 patients to Malan's Brief Psychotherapy (BP), and 12 patients to a more eclectic/integrative form of brief psychotherapy in this project called the FIAT model. 78% of the patients completed their treatment in agreement with the original ascription to therapy, with good results for all three therapies. The evaluation form seems to be a reliable and valid instrument offering a good and systematic basis for designing a tailor-made treatment format for different types of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Short-term dynamic psychotherapy. I. The Oslo group's form to score outcome, the reliability testing of this form and observer characteristics.

The aim of short-term dynamic psychotherapy is, through working with a central conflict and transference reactions, to obtain lasting changes based on cognitive and emotional understanding of the main dynamics of the central conflict, called insight. The aim of the present study was to construct a follow-up form that was easy to handle, could score different outcome of short-term dynamic psychotherapy, as for instance symptom relief, change in social functioning and better insight, and was reliable. Sufficient reliability was established with a reliability coefficient between 0.756 and 0.564 for eight result variables. Percentage agreement was estimated in addition. As a total only 10% of the scores differed more than +/- 1 from a consensus score on a scale from zero, no change, to 7, recovered. The therapist was a reliable observer of his/her own patients. The sex of the observer did not influence percentage agreement. High-formal training in psychotherapy tended to give higher percentage of agreement compared to low-formal training.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1985

Short-term dynamic psychotherapy. II. Prognostic value of characteristics of patients studied by a 2-year follow-up of 39 neurotic patients.

39 out-patients, 19 men and 20 women with a neurotic personality structure, evaluated by at least 2 therapists, were treated with short-term dynamic psychotherapy. 33 patients were followed up 2 years after the end of treatment with a semi-structured, problem-oriented interview, scored by 3 therapists according to a follow-up form developed for the study. Sufficient reliability was demonstrated for the follow-up form. 11 of 36 patients (31%), followed up 2 years after the end of treatment, obtained a high score on the dynamic result variable, and 24 (67%) on symptom relief. It could be established that these changes were mostly due to the therapy given. Variables pertaining patients' ability to relate to another person correlated with outcome. This is consistent with what Malan found in his two studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Training in short-term psychotherapy. Research can be superb clinical training.

Experiences in Norway since about 1970, are described in combined research and training on short-term dynamic psychotherapy. Research methodology and results are not discussed. Initiated by the Norwegian Research Council for Science and the Humanities, Sifneos was invited as research leader and supervisor in a study of STAPP carried out by a selection of highly motivated doctors participating in patient selection, training in short-term dynamic principles, activities, and research. The initial patient interview took place in front of the research group. Therapeutic activities were registrated on audiotapes and presented to the group members, each one being supervisor or supervisee alternately. The project has promoted knowledge and skill in short-term therapy and interest in research and the author stresses the fruitful interaction of both.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Myofascial pain dysfunction (MPD) syndrome in twins.

The Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome (MPD) was investigated in 94 twin pairs (21 male pairs and 73 female pairs), who had not been selected with respect to MPD. The frequency of past and/or present symptoms was found to be 10% in males and 27% in females. No differences between monozygous (identical) and dizygous (non-identical) female twins was found in pair-wise concordance rates, the concordance rate being higher than expected to occur by chance in both twin types. The findings are compatible with the view that environmental influences give rise to this specific stress-reaction pattern.

Diseases in Twins↗
PubMed1980

Alexithymic characteristics and somatic illness.

As part of a study on stress, the author investigated 183 women, the majority of whom were dental patients. A highly significant correlation between a high score of alexithymic characteristics and many reported somatic diseases was found in the subjects who were 40 years of age or older.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

A multiprofessional study of patients with myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome. I.

A research team comprising a dentist, a psychiatrist and two physiotherapists examined 113 female patients consecutively referred because of myofascial pain-dysfunction (MPD) syndrome and, for comparison, 46 female patients who attended the dental clinic for a positively diagnosed dental problem. In both groups all subjects were Norwegians, nearly all in the age of reproduction and belonging to the upper social strata. Every second subject in the Comparison group had perceived some MPD-symptoms. The dentist's main findings in the MPD-patient group were high scores on the Anamnestic index and on the Dysfunction index, and moderate scores on the Occlusal index. The psychiatrist's main findings were high scores on restrained aggression and on anxiety, and tense control of emotions generally. The physiotherapists' findings were general muscular tension and inadequate respiratory function in an upright position.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

A multiprofessional study of patients with myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome. II.

One hundred and thirteen female patients with myofascial pain-dysfunction (MPD) syndrome were examined by a dentist and a psychiatrist. One hundred and eight of them were also examined by physiotherapists. Particular emphasis was given by the dentist to the types and duration of the chief complaints, the perceived severity of the MPD-symptoms and to the kinds of statements used in the anamnestic reports. Additionally the patients' perceived cause/origin of their symptoms, expectations regarding treatment, reactions to the different types of examination procedures and their reports of perceived daily life stress factors were taken into account. The patients were categorized according to the findings, and the results were compared to the psychiatrist's findings. Some basic clinical patterns were revealed. The results indicate that reports of oral symptoms may have symbolic value. It is concluded that a carefully performed clinical interview may provide the dentist valuable information useful in diagnosis and the choice of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

A follow-up study of a group of female patients with myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome.

The report is a follow-up study of 108 female patients with myofascial pain-dysfunction (MPD) syndrome who had previously been examined by a multiprofessional team consisting of a dentist, a psychiatrist and physiotherapists. After 1 1/2 year the patients were interviewed concerning possible improvement, present symptoms and perceived gain from the treatment. It was hypothesized that patients with a severely disturbed capacity for interpersonal contact would be the least likely to gain from treatment, regardless of type. This hypothesis as confirmed by the present findings. In addition, another subgroup of patients with apparently good capacity for interpersonal contact also tended to report lack of improvement. These were characterized by stress denial, a mere somatic orientation regarding etiology of symptoms, a manner of giving oral history indicating a distanced relationship to their body, and an expressed disapproval of the psychiatric part of the examination.

Female↗
PubMed1978

The myofascial pain dysfunction: dental symptoms and psychological and muscular function. An overview. A preliminary study by team approach.

Patients with myofascial pain dysfunction (MPD) are traditionally seen by dentists. No organic lesions are found, and there is accumulating evidence that psychological factors influence both the onset and the development of the disorder, thus calling for a multiprofessional investigation approach. This report presents a preliminary study by a team consisting of a psychiatrist, a dentist and a physiotherapist. 25 patients with MPD diagnosis were examined. Almost all of the patients had tense muscles in neck and back, indicating that muscular tension is not a local phenomenon in the masticatory muscles. It was possible to distinguish two main categories of MPD patients, the 'typical MPD patients' and the 'multiproblem patients'. Problems that need further investigation are pointed out.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

A possible genetic contribution to the alexithymia trait.

Alexithymic characteristics were studied in 15 monozygotic and 18 like-sex dizygotic healthy young twin pairs in a semistructured interview. Variance analysis showed larger within-pair variances in the dizygotic than in the monozygotic twins. With some reservations, these results point to a genetic influence on the etiology of the alexithymic phenomenon.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expenditures on health care in the last year of life.

18-26% of public expenditure on health care is devoted to care of patients in their last year of life. 60% of this expenditure is on patients in somatic nursing homes. The figures do not tell directly whether too much or too little money in Norwegian health care is spent on people in the end stage of life. In order to answer this question, one must look at the quality of terminal care and assess the share of patients having a reasonable benefit of the care they receive.

Health Expenditures↗