A N Nawafleh | PubMed Health

PubMed2001

Third degree tears and episiotomy.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relation of episiotomy to third degree perineal tears, and to detect the rate, indications and risk factors of both episiotomy and third degree perineal tears. METHODS: Between 1994 and 1999, 17,559 singleton vaginal deliveries were retrospectively investigated to find frequency, risk factors and relation of episiotomy to third degree Perineal tears. To avoid the affect of confounding factors, we analyzed a sub-sample that included only vertex presentation with spontaneous occipito-anterior vaginal deliveries. RESULTS: The incidence of episiotomy was 39%. Third degree tears occurred in 1% of the deliveries with episiotomy in 0.2% of the deliveries without episiotomy. Third degree tears were more commonly occurred in primiparae, instrumental deliveries, episiotomy, and birth weight more than 4 kg. After stratification for birth weight and parity, no relation between episiotomy and third degree tear was found. CONCLUSION: In uncomplicated deliveries, no significant relation between third degree perineal tear and episiotomy was found.

Episiotomy↗

PubMed2000

The value of treating the male partner in vaginal candidiasis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether treatment of the sexual partners of women with vulvo-vaginal candidiasis with oral Ketoconazole can affect the cure and recurrence rate of candida vaginitis. METHODS: A total number of 144 women with vaginal candidiasis were treated with Ketoconazole 400 mg daily for 7 days, and half the male partners were treated with Ketoconazole 400 mg daily for 7 days. All women had physical follow-up examination, and mycological cultures were obtained at one week and four weeks after the start of treatment. The incidence of predisposing factors or of a recurrence history did not differ between treatment groups. Chi-square test was used to determine the significance of difference between the two groups with or without simultaneous treatment of the male partners. RESULTS: In the control group (untreated partners) 53 of 72 patients were cured after one week, with a cure rate of 74%, compared to 57 of 72 patients (treated partners) with a cure rate of 79%. The recurrence rate in the control group (untreated partners) 4 weeks after the start of treatment was 28 of 53 (53%), compared to 35 of 57 (61%) in the (untreated partners) group. No significant statistical difference was found in the cure and recurrence rates for both groups. CONCLUSION: Simultaneous treatment of the male partners with Ketoconazole did not influence either cure rate or recurrence rate in women with vaginal candidiasis.

Administration, Oral↗