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Biomedical subjects

A N Stepanov

Publications and source records attributed to A N Stepanov.

18 recordsLinked to original sources

[Prevalence of hepatitis B in the focus of HIV infection].

Highly sensitive up-to-date research methods (enzyme immunoassay) for HbsAg and antibodies against HBsAg and HBcAg were employed to examine 565 adults and children living in the Kalmuck++ ASSR (Elista and adjacent regions), where in 1988-1989 cases of HIV-infection were recorded. Markers of HBV-infection were detected with a high enough frequency in the control group of children (15.2%). The prevalence of the infection in the adult population was at an intermediate level (38.9%). The high infectivity with HBV-infection was recorded among children who had been hospitalized before (for different diseases including chronic ones), among women who had undergone laboratory studies because of the diagnosis of HIV-infection in their children; among adult patients suffering from tuberculosis of morons from a closed boarding school. The highest frequency of HBV-infection marker demonstration was found in HIV-infected children (70%). The data obtained point to the necessity of vaccination against viral hepatitis B in risk groups (children and adults) and in the newborn as well as of raising the efficacy of preventing measures against infections transmitted via blood.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

[Current etiological structure of acute viral hepatitis in children].

The etiological structure of viral hepatitides (VH) was defined in 345 children admitted to the clinic during one year with a diagnosis of acute viral hepatitis. It was established on the basis of clinico-laboratory studies and identification of serological markers of viral hepatitides A, B and delta. It has been demonstrated that in the structure of viral hepatitides in children living in Moscow, VHA accounts for 83.1%, acute VHB for 11.1%, HBV and HDV coinfection for 2.6%, and VH non A non B for 1.7%. In children of the first year of life, acute hepatitis was etiologically related to HBV-infection or to HBV and HDV coinfection. In a negligible part of the patients, VHA was diagnosed in the presence of chronic HBV-infection (1.2%) or exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B (0.3%). These data should be taken into consideration in planning and carrying out diagnostic, treatment and prophylactic measures aimed at solving VH problem in childhood.

Acute Disease↗

An experience with application of human leucocyte interferon for cervical cancer treatment.

Interferon was injected intracervically as the first stage of combination treatment in 125 cases of histologically verified squamous Ca in situ and invasive cervical carcinoma. Colpomicroscopic, cytological and histological examination was carried out before and after treatment. The pronounced effect of interferon as an antitumor agent was established. Post-treatment histological examination failed to detect any tumor cells in 36 out of 125 patients (28.8%). Widening the scope of indications for preservative operations in patients with preinvasive and microinvasive cervical carcinoma after preliminary interferon therapy was suggested.

Carcinoma in Situ↗

[Biosynthesis and main biological properties of human gamma interferon].

Conditions for and regularities of gamma-interferon production were elucidated. High interferon inducing activity of the known inductors such as concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin and lentil lectin was asserted. It was shown that aqueous and alcoholic extracts of legumes seeds were also able to induce interferon synthesis in cultures of human peripheral blood leukocytes. By physicochemical properties such as stability to acids and liability to heating and by antigenic properties, interferon produced under such conditions was of type 2 (gamma). The maximum yield of interferon was observed in stationary and roller leukocyte cultures at a density of 2.10(6)-4.10(6) cells/ml on commercial rich media (IMDM and Eagle medium). Dynamics of gamma-interferon biosynthesis was determined. The peak of interferon production after the leukocyte induction with plant lectins was recorded in 72-96 hours.

Cells, Cultured↗

[Detection of TT DNA virus (TTV) in blood donors and patients with hepatitis of unclear etiology].

A new human infective agent: TT virus (TTV) has been recently identified. The polymerase chain reaction detected TTV DNA in the sera of 5 (31.3%) out of 16 children with acute hepatitis, 5 (17.2%) out of 29 children and 3 (14.3%) out of 21 adults with liver diseases of unknown etiology, and 18 (13.2%) out of 136 free-of-charge blood donors. These results indicate a high prevalence of TTV infection in Russia and absence of an obvious correlation between this infection and nonA, nonB, nonC hepatitis in examined patients. Phylogenetic analysis of amplified fragments of viral DNA from 3 patients selected at random showed that the isolated strains belong to subtype 1a, most prevalent in the world.

Adult↗

[The detection of hepatitis B virus DNA in the blood serum of children with chronic HBsAg-positive hepatitis].

The presence of HBV DNA in the blood serum of 50 children with HBsAg-positive chronic hepatitis (36 with chronic hepatitis B, 14 with chronic hepatitis delta) was determined by molecular hybridization method. No significant differences were observed between the frequency of HBV DNA detection and clinicomorphological type of chronic HBsAg-positive hepatitis. In chronic HBV infection, HBV DNA was shown to be detected more frequently than in chronic hepatitis delta. A correlation was confirmed between the frequency of HBV DNA detection and demonstration of HBeAg in the blood. With the increase in the duration of the disease and age of the patients the HBV DNA detection rate was found to diminish.

Adolescent↗

[The comparative characteristics of treating herpes virus diseases of the oral mucosa with antiviral preparations].

The efficacy of human leukocytic interferon (ointment), 20000 IU/g, in the treatment of viral diseases of the buccal mucosa was studied in 152 patients. The results were compared with those achieved with the commercial antiviral agent 0.5% oxolin ointment. The results evidence a manifest antiviral effect of the interferon ointment, recommending it for practical dentistry.

Adult↗

[The treatment of herpetic stomatitis in children with ointments containing alpha- and gamma-interferons].

Clinical efficacies of ointments containing alpha- and gamma-interferon and characterized by antiviral activity (2.0 x 10(4) IU) were studied. Antiviral effect of these ointments used in the treatment of 168 children suffering from herpetic stomatitis was assessed from the clinical and immunologic viewpoints. Measurements of secretory IgG carried out over the course of therapy evidenced positive changes in local immunity.

Acute Disease↗

[Stimulating effect of aminoethylisothiuronium on the immune response and interferonogenesis in irradiated mice].

Aminoethylisothiuronium (AET) stimulated the formation of antibodies against sheep erythrocytes, not against E. coli, in X-irradiated (4 Gy) mice. The serum containing AET-induced interferon had the same effect. AET also promoted the rejection of the allogenic skin graft in mice irradiated with the same dose. In addition, AET and cystaphos stimulated the induction of interferon by the Newcastle disease virus in mice exposed to doses of 4, 5 or 6 Gy.

Animals↗

[The clinical picture, course and outcome of viral hepatitis A in children with chronic HBV infection].

The clinical picture, course and outcomes of hepatitis A developing as a superinfection in children with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, hospitalized in connection with acute viral hepatitis, were determined on the basis of the dynamic clinico-laboratory investigation and identification of viral hepatitides A, B and delta by the method of enzyme immunoassay. In all children hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg), i.e. the serological sign of HBV infection, and anti-HAV IgG, the serological sign of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection, were present in the blood. 11 out of 12 children had never before been examined for diseases of the liver. Only in one child chronic HBsAg carriership had been detected 14 months before this hospitalization. Considering the data of epidemiological history and clinical observations, as well as the results of serological survey, these children were found to have hepatitis A superimposed on chronic HBV infection. As revealed in the present investigation, in cases of HAV superinfection observed simultaneously with chronic hepatitis B viral hepatitis A was manifested by typical clinico-laboratory symptoms.

Adolescent↗