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Biomedical subjects

A Naidoo

Publications and source records attributed to A Naidoo.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Accidental Mycobacterium bovis infection in a veterinarian.

CASE: A veterinarian developed tenosynovitis and secondary carpal tunnel syndrome following accidental inoculation of Mycobacterium bovis during the necropsy of a tuberculous possum from Westland, New Zealand. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: M. bovis infection is a zoonotic disease, and occupational exposure to tuberculous animals places people at risk of contracting the disease. CONCLUSIONS: Adhering to safe work practices reviewed in this article is important to minimise the risk of infection to people handling tuberculous animals.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Cholera: a continuous epidemic in Africa.

Cholera continues to plague many parts of the world, but has largely been concentrated in Africa, which contributes more than 80% of the total cases worldwide. Natural disasters, like the 2000 floods in Mozambique and the volcanic eruption in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2002, generally lead to new outbreaks of the disease. The refugee problem in many countries throughout the world also causes potential threats for disease outbreaks. Case fatality rates are high, and we are not anywhere near curbing new cholera epidemics, especially in Africa. It is thus imperative to renew discussions about the nature of this deadly disease, its treatment, measures for prevention and control, modes of transmission, its physical, social and economic impact, and potential solutions.

Africa↗
PubMed2000

Carboxylesterases, a key factor in evaluating potential genotoxicity of Trinem antibiotics.

Sanfetrinem cilexetil, a hexetil ester of a Trinem antibiotic, does not induce micronuclei in rat bone marrow cells or induce DNA repair synthesis in rat hepatocytes following oral dosing. However, in vitro chromosome damage and mutations are induced in mammalian cells lacking carboxylesterase activity (human lymphocytes and mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells). In cells possessing carboxylesterase activity (CHL cells), chromosome damage induced by Sanfetrinem cilexetil is not observed. Similarly, if induced rat liver preparations or non-induced preparations from rat or human intestinal cells are present during exposure, genotoxic activity is lost, even in those cells lacking carboxylesterase enzymes. Thus the lack of demonstrable genotoxicity in vivo, in the assays used, is likely to be due to hydrolysis of the parent molecule by non-specific carboxylesterases present within the intestinal epithelium. In turn this data indicates that a genotoxic hazard to humans under therapeutic conditions is unlikely.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Black South African students' use of counseling service.

This paper reports the demographic and summative annual data for presenting concerns of students seeking counseling at a Black South African university. Rankings of the major presenting concerns identified by the clients are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of Salmonella typhimurium TA102 with Escherichia coli WP2 tester strains.

In 1982, Levin et al. published a paper describing a new Salmonella typhimurium strain, TA102, for detecting mutagenic agents that react preferentially with AT base pairs. This strain has an AT base pair at the critical mutation site within the hisG gene, which is located on a multicopy plasmid, pAQ1; the chromosomal copy of the hisG gene has been deleted. It also has an intact excision repair system, thus facilitating the detection of cross-linking agents, and carries the mutator plasmid, pKM101. Although TA102 has been shown to be reverted by certain mutagenic agents that are not detected in the usual battery of strains (TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, TA98 and TA100), there has been a general reluctance within the field to include TA102 as one of the standard screening strains. This may in part result from the difficulties which have been experienced in many laboratories in maintaining the strain, and in obtaining reproducible spontaneous and induced revertant counts. At Glaxo we routinely include certain Escherichia coli strains in our microbial test battery, and were aware that some of the genetic features offered by TA102 were already being covered by these strains. For example, E.coli WP2 (pKM101) has an AT base pair at the critical mutation site within the trpE gene, is excision proficient (and thus will detect cross-linking agents) and carries the pKM101 plasmid to enhance error-prone repair. From the published literature it was apparent that a number of the 'TA102 specific' mutagens could be detected in E.coli e.g. neocarzinostatin, UV and 8-MOP plus UV.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed1982

Pericapillary fibrin in the ulcer-bearing skin of the leg: the cause of lipodermatosclerosis and venous ulceration.

Forty-one biopsy specimens, taken from the ulcer-bearing skin of 41 legs of 21 patients attending the varicose vein clinic, were selectively stained for fibrin with phosphotungstic acid haemotoxylin before being blindly assessed,. Layers of fibrin were found surrounding the dermal capillaries in all 26 legs with lipodermatosclerosis. None of the specimens from the 15 legs with clinically normal skin contained fibrin. There was also an increased number of dermal capillaries cut in cross section per high powered field in 24 of the 26 legs with lipodermatosclerosis compared with two of the 15 legs with normal skin (p less than 0.001). The mean reduction in foot vein pressure during exercise was significantly less in the 26 limbs with pericapillary fibrin than in the other 15 limbs (p less than 10(-6). Lipodermatosclerosis is synonymous with pericapillary fibrin deposition and is associated with, and probably secondary to, both a persistently raised venous pressure and an increase in the size of the dermal capillary bed. This extravascular deposition of fibrin probably stimulates tissue fibrosis and blocks the diffusion of oxygen to the overlying epidermis, producing cellular death and venous ulceration.

Capillaries↗
PubMed1975

Acute leukemia in children: experience in Saskatchewan in 1966-72.

In 1966-72 in Saskatchewan there was a significant improvement in survival of patients up to 16 years old with acute leukemia treated intensively. The rate of complications was low. Attention to the emotional needs of the patients and parents and formation of parent mutual-support groups improved the acceptibility of intensive therapy.

Acute Disease↗