Biomedical subjects

A Nambu

Publications and source records attributed to A Nambu.

59 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1987

Thalamic afferents to layer I of anterior sigmoid cortex originating from the VA-VL neurons with entopeduncular input.

Seventy seven thalamic neurons in the VA-VL nuclear complex of the cat which projected to the anterior sigmoid gyrus (ASG) were studied extracellularly, and their responses to stimulation of both the cerebellar nuclei (CN) and the entopeduncular nucleus (ENT) were examined. Forty two neurons were inhibited by ENT-stimulation but were not excited by CN-stimulation, while 27 neurons were excited by CN-stimulation but were not inhibited by ENT-stimulation. Eight neurons were inhibited by ENT-stimulation and also excited by CN-stimulation. Distribution of axons in each layer of ASG was examined by means of antidromic activation of the thalamic neurons by microstimulation at various depths of ASG. Almost all (13/14) of the ENT-inhibited neurons examined were antidromically activated by microstimulation in layer I with currents less than 35 microA. On the other hand, most (11/13) of CN-excited neurons were antidromically activated by weak microstimulation in layers deeper than the second, but were not activated by microstimulation in layer I with currents less than 40 microA. VA-VL neurons with inhibitory input from ENT were considered to project mainly to layer I of ASG.

Action Potentials↗

PubMed1987

[A case of a primary localized amyloidosis (amyloid tumor) of the renal pelvis and ureter].

A 62-year-old woman complaining of asymptomatic hematuria was hospitalized. Although a cytologic examination of the urine was negative, abnormal findings in the right renal pelvis by DIP, RP and CT led us to suspect a pelvic tumor, and a right nephroureterotomy was performed. Light microscopy revealed deposits of amorphous, eosinophilic material in the pelvis and proximal portion of upper ureter, however tumor cells were not found. Electron microscopy revealed that these materials were aggregates of linear, non-branching fibrils, measuring about 8 nm in diameter. Histochemically, these were seen to be consistent with amyloid, producing an apple-orange birefringence with Congo red staining under a polarized light. Alkali Congo red staining after pretreatment of KMnO4 demonstrate that this amyloid protein was composed largely of AA protein in addition to lesser amounts of non-AA protein, and a primary localized amyloidosis (amyloid tumor) was diagnosed. A clinicopathologic study that was performed on 12 cases of primary localized amyloidosis of the pelvis, including our case, also is reported.

Amyloidosis↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of hepatocellular carcinoma and its metastases with various pulse sequences using superparamagnetic iron oxide (SHU-555-A).

BACKGROUND: To identify the most useful combinations of various pre- and postcontrast magnetic resonance (MR) image sequences in detecting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its intrahepatic metastases before and after injection of SHU-555-A. METHODS: Thirty-eight lesions in 16 patients were evaluated before and after administration of SHU-555-A by using fast spin echo (FSE), gradient echo (GRE), and echo planar (EP) imaging sequences using a 1.5-Tesla superconducting MR system. The signal intensity ratio (SIR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the lesions, signal-to-noise ratios, and other parameters were calculated. RESULTS: Tumors were better detected after injection of SHU-555-A on all pulse sequences except on out-of-phase T1-weighted (T1W)-GRE sequences. Tumor detectability was higher for precontrast EP imaging and T2*-weighted (T2*W)-GRE sequences, whereas detectability at postcontrast was higher for T2*W-GRE, proton-density-weighted-FSE, and in-phase T1W-GRE sequences. The SIR and CNR at precontrast were highest for EP imaging, and those at postcontrast were highest for T2*W-GRE. CONCLUSION: SHU-555-A will increase the detectability of HCC and its liver metastases. T1W- and T2*W-GRE sequences would be the sequences of choice.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A case of abnormal pancreaticobiliary junction evidenced by 3D drip infusion cholangiography CT.

We report a case of abnormal pancreaticobiliary junction (APBJ), in which three-dimensional (3D) drip infusion cholangiography (DIC) computed tomography (CT) was useful to make the diagnosis. The 3D DIC CT clearly demonstrated reflux of the contrast material into the main pancreatic duct as well as a long common channel, dilated biliary tree, and duodenal lumen. Thereby, we could diagnose APBJ. We believe that 3D DIC CT is a valuable method in the evaluation of patients with suspected APBJ.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of concurrent intra-arterial infusion of platinum drugs for patients with stage III or IV uterine cervical cancer treated with radical radiation therapy.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of concurrent intra-arterial infusion of platinum drugs in patients with stage III or IV uterine cervical cancer treated with radical radiation therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-three patients with advanced (stage IIIA, 2; IIIB, 28; IVA, 3) uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma were randomized into a concurrent intra-arterial infusion of platinum drugs with radiation therapy (IAPRT) group (18 patients) and a radiation therapy alone group (15 patients). After altering intrapelvic blood flow by embolization of the superior and inferior gluteal arteries under pelvic angiography, intra-arterial infusion of platinum drug through catheters inserted into both internal iliac arteries was performed concurrently with radiation therapy. One-shot infusion of cisplatin (100 mg/m2) twice with a 2- to 3-week interval was performed in eight patients, weekly infusion of carboplatin (100 mg/m2) via a reservoir five to six times was performed in four patients, and daily shot of cisplatin (10 mg/body) or 21 days via a reservoir was performed in six patients. Radiation therapy consisted of external-beam irradiation of 50 Gy/25 fractions/5 weeks for the whole pelvis with midline block after 30 Gy and intracavitary high-dose-rate brachytherapy using tandem and ovoids of 24 Gy/4 fractions/4 weeks to point A. RESULTS: The local complete response rate of the IAPRT group was 94% and was significantly higher than that of the radiation therapy group (67%). There were no significant differences in local response in the three drug delivery methods. Two- and 5-year overall survival rates were 54.5% and 44.4% in the IAPRT group, and 74.5% and 50.0% in the radiation therapy group, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups. In the IAPRT group, grade 3 or 4 acute bowel complications were seen in 33% of patients, grade 3 or 4 late bowel complications were seen 44%, and grade 3 or 4 myelosuppression was seen in 33%, and these complications were seen more in the IAPRT group than in the radiation therapy group and caused death in some patients. CONCLUSIONS: IAPRT had a better local response than radiation therapy but showed no proof of control over recurrence and had a poorer survival than radiation therapy. There were many local recurrences and distant metastases, contrary to the better first response of the IAPRT group over the radiation therapy group. Complications of the IAPRT group were very severe and made the patient's performance status and prognosis worse than in the radiation therapy group. We need to design some methods to decrease these complications to make use of the good local response acquired with IAPRT. Furthermore, we should re-examine the indication of IAPRT in patients with a large tumor because local recurrence and distant metastasis would be inevitable.

Adenocarcinoma↗