High molecular weight Destran-sulphates greatly affect rubella virus hemoagglutinin. The inhibition is to be related to the molecular weight. D.S. with p.m. 1,2 X 10(4) show no inhibitory activity, while D.S. 5 X 10(5), and furthermore D.S. p.m. 2 X 10(6) inhibit hemoagglutination. The inhibition appears to be related not to the effect of D.S. on red cells but to the interaction of D.S. with rubella hemoagglutinin. The entity of inhibition is a function of the concentration of D.S. in the test specimen: as much more intense is the former, as much higher is the latter. It is to be noticed however that also relatively little concentrations show to possess a clear inhibitory activity. Concentrations of 0,006 mg/ml and 0 ,05 mg/ml of D.S. (p.m. 2 X 10(6)) cause a lost of hemoagglutinin titre, showing respectively two and four twofold diluition lower titres than controls.

Dextrans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Action of a synthetic peptide on some syngeneic tumors].

The protective effect of intraperitoneal Peptichemio at different doses in a population of syngeneic mice with four experimental tumours is described. The drug is much used in oncology en account of its low toxicity and is both alkylating and antimetabolic. It was found more effective against plasmacytomas and less so against a spontaneous adenocarcinoma (ADK lt) Activity was noted at the lowest dose employed (4 mg/Kg five times on alternate days), which had no more than a slight immunodepressor effect and was unattended by sideeffects, as well as at the highest dose (10 mg/Kg). Evaluation of mean diameters and survival in the experimental animals and in the controls made it clear that the drug possessed almost general effectiveness, in addition to being most active against plasmacytomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Epstein-Barr virus infection and immunoglobulin abnormalities in renal transplant recipients].

The relationship between immunoglobulin abnormalities and EBV infection has been investigated in 65 renal transplant patients. Immunoglobulins abnormalities were demonstrated in 44 (68%) patients, 8 of them (18%, 12% of all patients) had a monoclonal component. Up to now no lymphoproliferative disorder has been observed in these patients. All patients were EBV seropositive at the beginning of the study and in 22 of them (33%) a reactivation of EBV infection could be demonstrated. No relation has been observed between immunoglobulin abnormalities, EBV reactivation, age or sex. By contrast, a significant relation was found between EBV reactivation and immunosuppressive treatment: patients under triple therapy with Azathioprine, Cyclosporine A and Prednisone had less EBV reactivation compared to those under Cyclosporine A treatment.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Infection by human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV-6) and renal transplantation].

Human herpes virus type 6 (HHV-6) infection was serologically investigated in renal transplant recipients. Before transplantation, 75.5% of patients was seropositive for HHV-6 and no correlation with age, sex and time on dialysis was found. During the first month after transplantation 66% of patients showed a variation in serological status against HHV-6 (seroconversion or fourfold increase of antibody titer). All patients who seroconverted had received the kidney from a HHV-6 seropositive donor, furthermore, in 11/13 (84.6%) pairs of patients receiving the kidney form the same seropositive donor, both members or had HHV-6 active infection or had no infection. The frequency of HHV-6 active infection in seropositive patients is almost the same in case of seronegative or seropositive donor. Comparing HHV-6 and CMV infections, they resulted independent as CMV infection in these patients occurs in a following period (II-III month). Notwithstanding a higher frequency of kidney rejection in patients with active HHV-6 infection, no significative correlation was found.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Anti-CMV antibody affinity in renal transplant recipients].

Variations in anti-CMV antibody affinity have been studied in 106 renal transplant patients. Maturation of immune response has been followed during two years after transplantation evaluating antibody affinity by ELISA before and after urea denaturation treatment. In primary infections while the antibody titer rises, the resistance to denaturing treatment rises as well, indicating an increased antibody affinity. In patients already seropositive at transplantation, the increase of antibody affinity has also been found: comparing the affinity index (AI) at transplantation and one year later, only 16.5% of patients showed an AI value between 80 and 100 at transplantation, whereas after one year 62.3% of patients reached such AI values (p = 0.0001).

Antibodies, Viral↗

PubMedDate not supplied

CMV-specific polymeric and monomeric IgA antibodies in serum of renal transplant patients.

CMV-specific IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies were detected by ELISA in sera from 81 renal transplant patients. Twenty-seven patients were followed from transplantation; 6 patients who underwent on transplantation before the beginning of the study were followed during admissions for graft failure or acute illness; 48 outpatients were periodically monitored. One of the patient followed from transplantation experienced a primary CMV infection, serologically demonstrated by the appearance of specific IgM and IgG. Specific IgA appeared at the same time as IgM and lasted for about six months. A specific IgA response was observed in all but five recurrent CMV infections too, even when specific IgM were not present. In all outpatients periodically monitored for CMV serology specific IgA were not found. About specific IgA polimerization, a transient marked polymeric IgA (p-IgA) response was observed in only the primary infection whereas in all the other IgA positive patients, specific IgA were represented by monomers (m-IgA).

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Antibodies against the cytomegalic virus and Toxoplasma gondii in a sample of the Monrovia population].

Cytomegalovirus and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were titered in 133 serum specimens from students, physicians and technical staff of Monrovia hospital. The findings obtained show that both infections are widely spread: Cytomegalovirus antibody was detected in 81%, and Toxoplasma antibody in 70% of tested sera. No significative differences were observed among sera from different tribes and birth places.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Low prevalence of HTLV-I infection in drug addicts in Turin.

Anti-HTLV-I antibody presence in drug addicts dead in 1987-1988 in Turin, was evaluated. Comparing the prevalence of HTLV-I infection with that of HIV and HBV infections, a different way and/or rate of spread of HTLV-I infection is suggested.

Female↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Anti-HBc polymeric IgA antibodies in serum from acute hepatitis B patients.

Serum anti-HBc IgA antibodies can be demonstrated in acute hepatitis B patients. At first, they are mainly polymeric (p-IgA), whereas monomeric IgA (m-IgA) become detectable 3 months later. In most cases, anti-HBc IgA cannot be demonstrated after 6-12 months. From a diagnostic point of view, specific p-IgA can be regarded as a marker of active infection but, compared to IgM, their demonstration is more difficult.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Anti-HIV and anti-HBc antibodies and HBsAg in postmortem blood of drug addicts: the picture for 1988.

Serological markers of HIV and HBV infections were studied in 90 drug addicts who died in 1988 and were medicolegally autopsied at the Institute of Forensic Sciences, University of Turin. Nineteen (21.1%) displayed evidence of HIV infection, demonstrated by the presence of anti-HIV antibodies; fifty-nine (65.5%) HBV infection, demonstrated by the presence of anti-HBc antibodies and/or HBsAg; nine (10%) had HBsAg, indicating potential infectiousness for HBV infection.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Anti-HIV antibodies in postmortem vitreous humor.

Anti-HIV antibodies were detected in postmortem blood and vitreous humor samples from 60 drug addicts died in 1988 and medicolegally autopsied at the University Institute of Forensic Science of Turin. Fifteen subjects were positive both in blood and in vitreous samples confirming the possibility to detect anti-HIV antibodies in vitreous humor in the screening of high-risk population.

Autopsy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A fractionation method for human blood for the separation of subclasses of IgG].

A serum fractionation method which permits a good separation among IgG subclasses is proposed. By loading serum on a Protein A-sepharose column, IgG3 are readily recovered as they do not bind to the Protein A. IgG of the other subclasses are eluted, equilibrated at pH 6 and loaded either on a chromatofocusing column, or on an anion exchanger gel. In these conditions IgG4 are retained, and then recovered by lowering the pH, whereas IgG1 and IgG2 pass through the column and can be recovered separately by absorption on a Protein A column and elution with a decreasing pH gradient.

Blood Specimen Collection↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Stainability and resistance to enzymatic digestion of agar precipitates from RNA and anti-RNA rabbit serums].

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Agar↗