PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Neumann

Publications and source records attributed to A Neumann.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Left ventricular thrombi identified by cross-sectional echocardiography.

We studied 25 patients with anterior myocardial infarction and two with congestive cardiomyopathy to evaluate two-dimensional echocardiography in the diagnosis of left ventricular thrombi. Five coronary patients had systemic emboli. Four of these patients manifested apical filling defects on cineangiogram, while a levophase cine was equivocal for clot in the fifth patient. Neither echocardiography nor cineangiography visualized ventricular thrombi in the nonembolus coronary patients. Echoes from a distinct apical mass, however, were visualized in all five patients in the embolus group by two-dimensional echocardiography at the cardiac apex. Apical thrombi were confirmed in all four patients in the embolus group undergoing surgery. The irregular configuration of recent thrombi in the coronary patients differed from the circumscribed appearance of chronic thrombi in the cardiomyopathy patients on two-dimensional echocardiogram. Thus, two-dimensional echocardiography can be used to detect and characterize left ventricular thrombi.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Fiber analysis of human ventral and dorsal roots on the basis of different acetylcholinesterase activity].

Marked differences in the AChE activity of myelinated nerve fibers of ventral and dorsal roots could be established in human post mortem material. After a fixation time of 3 h and a critical incubation period of 24 h, in the mean 96% of the myelinated ventral root but only 4% of dorsal root fibers showed reaction product, detectable by the light microscope. The percentage of stained fibres varies, to some extent, in the different segments. Groups of very thin myelinated fibres within the ventral roots between the segments C-8 and L-3, showing a conspicuous high enzyme activity, are interpreted as pre-ganglionic sympathetic fibres; similar elements in the sacral ventral roots may represent parasympathetic fibres. The method of Karnovsky, applied under conditions established in this study, can be used for analysis of fibre types in a given human peripheral nerve.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1979

[Osteosynthesis by ultrasonic welding (author's transl)].

The use of ultrasound as so-called power sound in operative medicine is a new method for operations on the skeletal system. This method was first developed in the USSR. The technical and medical problems of ultrasonic welding are dealt with. However further improvements by experimental work are required.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Alterations in ventricular mass and performance induced by exercise training in man evaluated by echocardiography.

Few data are available regarding the effects of exercise training upon cardiac structure and performance in man. We evaluated the echograms of 24 normals before (PRE) and after (POST) 11 weeks of endurance exercise training. Conditioning consisted of a walk-jog-run protocol at 70% maximal heart rate for one hour four days per week. Training reduced heart rate and increased maximal duration and estimated oxygen consumption of treadmill exercise. Compared to PRE, the echogram in the POST training period revealed an increased left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic dimension (EdD), a decreased end-systolic dimension (EsD) and thus an increased stroke volume (EdD3-EsD3) and shortening fraction (EdD-EsD)/EdD). Cardiac output (CO) and peripheral vascular resistance (BP/CO X 80) were identical PRE and POST conditioning. Importantly, an increase in mean fiber shortening velocity was observed POST training as were increases in LV wall thickness, ECG voltage of S in V1 + R in V5, and LV mass. Thus endurance training was accompanied by increases in both LV dimension and mass as well as LV shortening fraction and contraction velocity as observed by echocardiogram.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Polyposis coli et recti familiaris (author's transl)].

From 1970 to 1977 we observed 35 patients with polypi of the colon and rectum, in 18 cases on the basis of heredity. We recommend total proctocolectomy and ileostomy making use of the reservoir technique after Kock. The operation should be performed not until the beginning of the third decade of life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Echocardiographic identification of the mitral valve prolapse syndrome.

The data presented herein would indicate that mitral valve prolapse may be represented by a variable spectrum of abnormalities on the echocardiogram. Utilizing all the abnormalities described, echographic evidence of mitral valve prolapse may be detected in most patients with this disorder. However, evidence of mitral valve prolapse may also be observed in a large contingent of asymptomatic patients without other clinical manifestations of cardiac disease. The biologic significance of these echographic abnormalities remains uncertain and constitutes an important area for future investigation.

Cineangiography↗
PubMed1977

Efficacy of ambulatory systemic vasodilator therapy with oral prazosin in chronic refractory heart failure. Concomitant relief of pulmonary congestion and elevation of pump output demonstrated by improvements in symptomatology, exercise tolerance, hemodynamics and echocardiography.

The long-term efficacy of the new oral vasodilator, prazosin (PZ), was evaluated in nine patients with refractory heart failure due to chronic coronary heart disease. Ventricular function was assessed by cardiac catheterization, echocardiography, and treadmill testing; symptomatic evaluation was carried out for two to four months. One hour following 2-7 mg PZ, control left ventricular filling pressure was reduced (32 to 18 mm Hg, P less than 0.001) and cardiac index was elevated (1.95 to 2.89 L/min/m2, P less than 0.001) for a 6-hour period. After two weeks of PZ 2 to 7 mg four times daily, echographic end-diastolic dimension fell (5.7 to 5.4 cm, P less than 0.001) while shortening fraction increased (27.6 to 30.2%, P less than 0.005). Treadmill exercise duration increased from 209 to 317 seconds (P less than 0.001). Symptoms diminished throughout the duration of follow-up (mean 94 days) with improvement in NYHA functional class (3.7 to 2.2, P less than 0.001). Thus, prazosin possesses sustained nitroprusside-like balanced dilator actions on the systemic arterial and venous systems and is effective in the ambulatory management of chronic severe heart failure.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

Alterations in ventricular contraction pattern in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Detection by echocardiography.

The effects of abnormal ventricular activation upon the contractile pattern of the ventricles in patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) remain uncertain. Therefore we compared the motion of the anterior right ventricular wall (RV), the interventricular septum (IVS), and left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW) on echogram in nine patients with WPW and one patient with a coronary sinus pacemaker (CSP) to 20 normal subjects. Normal subjects manifested posterior RV motion which began and reached maximal excursion at 175 and 366 msec (group mean), respectively, after the onset of the QRS complex; posterior movement of the IVS which started and peaked at 90 and 30 msec, respectively; and anterior contraction of the LVPW which began and peaked at 159 and 406 msec, respectively. Five of seven patients with Type A WPW demonstrated a localized area of premature contraction of the LVPW occuring during the initial 100 msec interval following the onset of the QRS complex which was accompanied by paradoxic anterior motion of the IVS. Thereby in Type A patients initial and maximal posterior motion of the IVS occurred later, 230 (P less than 0.001) and 400 (P less than 0.05) msec, and anterior motion of the LVPW occurred earlier, 75 (P less than 0.001) and 367 (P less than 0.05) msec as compared to normal. The amplitude and duration of early contraction could be related to the prominence of the delta wave during atrial pacing. Similar premature contraction was also observed in the patient with CSP during paced beats. One Type B WPW patient exhibited abnormal IVS motion while the additional patient manifested premature LVPW contraction similat to that seen in Type A patients. The contractile pattern of the right ventricular anterior wall was recorded in five of seven Type A Wolff-Parkinson-White patients and manifested prolongation of the interval from the onset of the QRS complex to the initial posterior movement (group mean 234 msec, P less than 0.05) as compared to normal. Thus echocardiography can be used to confirm the diagnosis and to improve understanding of the pathophysiology of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Arrhythmias in the mitral valve prolapse syndrome. Prevalence, nature, and frequency.

Ambulatory monitoring and maximal treadmill exercise were compared in 40 normal subjects and 31 patients with mitral prolapse. A variable arrhythmia spectrum was observed in prolapse during monitoring: premature ventricular contractions in 18 (58%), supraventricular arrhythmias in 11 (35%), and bradyarrhythmias in 9 (29%). Significantly less arrhythmias occurred in normal subjects during monitoring: 10 (25%, P greater than 0.001), 3 (8%, P less than 0.001), 4 (10%, P less than 0.05), and 2 (5%, P less than 0.02), respectively. In patients with prolapse, arrhythmias occurred on resting electrocardiogram (ECG), 35% premature ventricular contractons, 6% supraventricular arrhythmias, and 10% bradyarrhythmias, and on treadmill exercise, 45%, 10%, and 3%; therefore, ambulatory monitoring was the most sensitive method of arrhythmia detection. No correlation existed between clinical features of prolapse and arrhythmias. Thus, arrhythmias occur in most patients with mitral prolapse, are not predictable by clinical characteristics, comprise a spectrum of ventricular and supraventricular tachyarrhythmias and bradyarrhythmias, and are best detected by ambulatory ECG monitoring.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Unusual echographic manifestations of right and left heart myxomas.

Although echocardiography has provided a useful noninvasive means for detecting cardiac myxomas, the ultrasound manifestations of these tumors may be variable. We describe our experiences with unusual echographic features encountered in left and right heart myxomas. Thus the left atrial tumor may be manifested predominantly by multiple, discrete, linear echoes behind the mitral valve, the anterior leaflet of which may exhibit an abrupt mid-systolic posterior movement. In right heat myxomatous tumor arising from the septal tricupsid leaflet and adjacent interventricular septum, the echographic characteristics include a cloud of echoes throughout the cardiac cycle in the right ventricular outflow tract which are present in the right ventricle body only during relaxation and are anterior to the tricuspid valve in early diastole. Therefore, discrete linear echoes may be the principal echographic presentation of left atrial myxoma, and special attention should be focused on all areas of the tricuspid valve and right ventricle by ultrasound in patients in whom diagnosis of myxoma is suspected.

Adolescent↗