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Biomedical subjects

A Nordenram

Publications and source records attributed to A Nordenram.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Reconstruction of the resorbed edentulous maxilla using autogenous rib grafts and osseointegrated implants.

14 patients with severely resorbed edentulous maxillae underwent reconstruction by the use of autogenous rib graft on-lays and osseointegrated Brånemark System implants in a one-stage procedure. 75 implants were installed. 16 (21.3%) failed to osseointegrate at the abutment connection. After a mean observation period of 5.2 years, 55 (73.3%) of the original implants were osseointegrated. 10 supplementary implants were inserted in 3 patients. At the end of the observation periods, 2 patients had overdentures and 12 had fixed prostheses. The mean marginal bone loss was 2.13 mm (SD 0.47 mm) the 1st year after grafting, and 2.92 mm (SD 1.27 mm) at the end of the follow-up periods. Long-term follow-up did not show any persistent donor site discomfort. The results indicate that this technique is a conceivable alternative for patients with severe maxillary resorption.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Jaw fractures in Stockholm 1988-90. Changing trends in injury dynamics over a 10 year interval.

This paper presents a review of injury dynamics of jaw fractures sustained by 1374 patients in the county of Stockholm during 1978-1980 = M1 (795 patients) and 1988-1990 = M2 (579 patients). The material comprised 1620 mandibular (M1 = 904, M2 = 716) and 439 maxillary (M1 = 249, M2 = 190) fractures. Forty-three per cent of the mandibular fractures and 40% of the maxillary fractures were single fractures in M1. The corresponding figures for M2 were 35% and 43%. During both periods the anatomical region most frequently fractured was the mandibular condyle (M1 = 35%, M2 = 29%). Violence was the cause in 39% of all fractures and 42% of the mandibular fractures (M2). This compared to M1 confirms other reports of altered trends in jaw fractures related to violence during the 1980's. The proportion of jaw fractures caused by traffic increased slightly between the periods.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1995

X-ray microanalytical and morphological observations of the interface region between ceramic implant and bone.

In 8 monkeys both the maxillary lateral incisors were extracted. In the 16 extraction sites an Al2O3-ceramic dental implant (Frialit) was immediately inserted. Eight implants were submerged under the oral mucosa and the other 8 were allowed to penetrate through the mucosa during the observation period. None of the implants was loaded during the observation periods. After experimental periods of 1, 2, 4 and 8 months, the interface region between the implant and bone was examined using scanning-electron microscopy, X-ray microanalysis, back scatter, microradiography and light microscopy. The results showed that osseointegration of Al2O3-ceramic dental implant was obtained. The newly formed bone around the implant filled exactly the contours of the implant. Newly formed bone had a mineral content and a phosphorus-to-calcium ratio similar to that of the adjacent older mature jaw bone. There were no differences in the osseointegration rate between the submerged and the nonsubmerged implants. No leakage of aluminium from the implant could be detected in the bone.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMed1995

Jaw fractures in the county of Stockholm. A comparative study with an interval of 10 years.

The material comprised patients from the Stockholm region with jaw fractures during 1978-1980 and 1988-1990. The study showed that there had been a decrease of jaw fractures in Stockholm during the two periods. Some of the findings indicated that the injuries had become more serious while this was contradicted by others. There was no conclusive evidence of a significant increase in either the number or severity of injuries due to violence or traffic accidents. On the contrary the study indicated that the decrease of jaw fractures had continued.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1992

Facial injuries due to criminal violence: a retrospective study of hospital attenders.

The material comprised 222 assault victims whose injuries required attention at the Departments of Oral Surgery and Ear, Nose, and Throat diseases, the Central Hospital in Falun or corresponding departments at the Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm or the University Hospital in Huddinge. Information was obtained from patient records. One hundred and thirty-eight patients had fractures and the remainder had flesh-wounds, haematomas or swellings. The most frequent fracture site was the nasal bone followed by the jaws. Forty-one per cent of the patients in Falun and 28 per cent in Stockholm reported the assaults to the police: in Falun the proportion of women victims who reported the assault was significantly higher than those who did not. The willingness to notify the police of the violence was not influenced by the use of drugs or the seriousness of the injuries. The study showed that violence in suburban Stockholm was aggravated: one-third of the patients in the study required hospitalization compared to a quarter in a rural area.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Injuries due to violent crimes: a study of police reported assaults during 1979, 1982 and 1985 in a police district of a suburb of Stockholm, Sweden.

The study is based on a sample of 249 violent crimes reported to the police in Huddinge during 1979, 1982 and 1985. Throughout the period it was found that the violence increased not only in number but also in seriousness. Most of the cases took place during weekends and in the evenings. Different accommodations were the most common scene of the crime. The majority of victims and offenders were men. Many were foreign citizens. Three-quarters of the victims had some kind of injury, mostly haematomata and swellings. The left side of the face was the anatomical region mostly hit.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Tissue integration of Al2O3-ceramic dental implants: an experimental study in monkeys.

The effect of two different treatment modalities on the tissue integration of Frialit implants was compared in an experimental study in 10 monkeys. The maxillary central incisors were extracted. In one extraction site, chosen by lot, a Frialit implant was immediately inserted, allowing the implant to penetrate the oral mucosa. In the contralateral extraction site, a modified Frialit implant was placed and allowed to heal under a mucoperiosteal flap. None of the implants used in the study was loaded during the observation periods. After experimental periods of 1, 3, 6, and 8 months, the implants were evaluated and monkeys were sacrificed. In situ and histological evaluation showed no significant difference between the two treatment modalities under nonloading conditions. In both cases the healing around the implants was uneventful and good tissue integration was achieved.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMed1991

Jaw fractures in the County of Kopparberg and Stockholm 1979-1988. A retrospective comparative study of frequency and cause with special reference to assault.

The material comprised all 367 patients with fractured jaws treated at the Departments of Oral Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (216) and the Central Hospital in Falun (151) during 1979, 1982, 1985 and 1988. Manibular fractures predominated. There was no increase of the number of fractures in Stockholm and a slight decrease in Falun. In both districts the patients were predominantly men aged between 20 and 35. The most common cause of fractures in Stockholm was assault followed by traffic accidents. In Falun traffic accidents were most common, followed by assault. No increase in assaults was found. The study refutes the widespread impression of a steadily increasing incidence of cases of assault and an increasing frequency of aggravated assault.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1990

Titanium implant anchorage in orthodontic treatment an experimental investigation in monkeys.

Tooth loss can be a problem when orthodontic appliances have to be stabilized for treatment. It has been shown that endosseous titanium implants are well integrated during treatment of edentulous patients with intra-osseous anchored bridges. In the present investigation titanium implants were inserted immediately after tooth extraction. After tissue-integration of the implants they were successfully used for anchorage when orthodontic treatment was performed. In a clinical situation the implants may simultaneously be used for reconstruction of the bite.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1990

Local anaesthesia in elderly patients. An experimental study of oral infiltration anaesthesia.

The proportion of elderly people is increasing. Normal ageing causes a reduced physiological capacity and ability to meet challenges. In future more elderly people will have functioning natural dentitions and undergo routine dental procedures for which local anaesthesia is required. In this experimental investigation the effect of infiltration anaesthesia from 3 commonly used agents was compared in healthy elderly and young subjects. The subjects comprised 40 volunteers and the anaesthetic agents tested were lidocaine (20 mg/ml) with epinephrine (12.5 micrograms/ml), prilocaine (30 mg/ml) with felypressin (0.54 microgram/ml) and mepivacaine (30 mg/ml). The elderly subjects had a highly significantly shorter onset time compared to the young group. There was no statistically significant difference in duration of tooth anaesthesia between lidocaine with epinephrine and prilocaine with felypressin. Because elderly people have lower drug tolerance, prilocaine with felypressin is therefore recommended for routine dentistry.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

ACP and Surgicel in bone hemostasis. A comparative experimental and histologic study.

The search for a biodegradable material which may prevent or stop bleeding in bone tissue and ensure healing is of continuous interest. ACP, an absorbable collagen paste, is a new hemostatic agent. The present study was devised to compare ACP with another commonly used hemostatic agent, Surgicel, in order to determine the tissue response during bone healing. The materials were implanted in the mandibular bone of New Zealand white rabbits. The observation times were 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks. The result showed that the healing was uneventful for both the hemostatic agents even though healing was slightly retarded compared to natural healing. Both the hemostatic agents were completely resorbed within 4-8 weeks and also the bone healing was completed after this observation period.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Pathological changes related to long-term impaction of third molars. A radiographic study.

Pathological changes related to impacted 3rd molars (ITM) were studied in a radiographic investigation of 2128 randomly selected patients. In radiographs from 644 patients, 1211 ITM were noted. Pathological changes were observed in 25 of 477 (5.2%) maxillary ITM and in 59 of 734 (8%) mandibular ITM. A pathologically widened pericoronal space (indicating a dentigerous cyst) was observed in 5 of 477 maxillary and 43 of 734 mandibular ITM (p less than 0.001). Other pathologic changes observed were resorption of the 2nd molars (1% in the maxilla, 1.5% in the mandible) or loss of marginal bone on the distal aspect of the second molars (4% in the maxilla, 1% in the mandible). The risk of pathological sequelae because of ITM, apparently, is low. Prophylactic surgical removal should, therefore, be regarded with some reserve, particularly in view of the high frequency of deep impactions, with greater risk for surgical complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Metal release from plates used in jaw fracture treatment. A pilot study.

This study investigated the occurrence of corrosion associated with the use of metallic implants to stabilize jaw fractures. Three different types of plates, Co-Cr and Ni-Cr alloys and Titanium, were connected in vivo to the mandibular bone surface of monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops). The animals were killed after 3 and 6 months. The mucous membrane and bone tissue were analysed for concentrations of Co, Cr, Ni, Mo, Al, and Ti by atomic absorption spectrophometry and a radiochemical neutron activation technique. With the exception of Ti, higher concentrations of all the above elements were found in the tissue near the implants when compared with contralateral controls. However, no signs of corrosion, macroscopic or microscopic, were observed on the surface of the implants.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Jaw fractures in the county of Stockholm (1978-1980). Jaw fractures in children and adolescents.

Jaw fractures are less frequent in children than in adults. Very few studies exclusively on jaw fractures in children have been reported. From an investigation earlier published about jaw fractures in the country of Stockholm during the years 1978, 1979 and 1980 the authors have selected all cases of jaw fractures in children and adolescents below the age of 20. One hundred and seventy-one patients were studied, 128 boys and 43 girls. The ratio between boys and girls was 3:1. The material was separated into 4 age groups: 0-5, 6-10, 11-15 and 16-20 years. Sixty percent of the fractures were found in the older age groups. The majority of the injuries (62%) occurred during the period May-September, mostly on Fridays and Saturdays, in the younger groups in day time, in the older group during the evening. Fractures due to falling and playing dominated in the younger age groups, but decreased with age. Even if all bicycle traffic accidents were excluded, this vehicle caused 31% of all play and sporting accidents. The relatively percentage of traffic accidents increased steadily from 17 to 42% in the age groups. In the oldest age group violence exceeded traffic as the dominating cause. Le Fort fractures were not found in the younger groups, were fractures of the mandibular condyle and maxillary alveolar process dominated. An erupted tooth in the fracture line was registered in 43% of the cases. Most patients received outpatient treatment.

Accidents↗
PubMed1989

Jaw fractures in the country of Stockholm (1978-1980). Injury dynamics--etiologic factors in relation to anatomic site of fracture.

This paper presents a retrospective review of jaw fractures sustained by 795 individuals in the county of Stockholm from 1978-80. The material comprised 904 mandibular and 249 maxillary fractures, a total of 1.153 fractures. The present part of the study concerns the relationship between etiologic factors and fracture location. Single fractures were noted in 43% of the mandibular fractures and in 4% of the maxillary fractures. The region most frequently fractured was the mandibular condyle (19% of all fractures). Violence was the etiologic in 42% of the total number of fractures and 47% of mandibular fractures. Compared to earlier reports, this seems to represent an increase over the last decades and probably reflects a general trend towards greater incidence of violence in society. Jaw fractures caused by traffic accidents accounted for 25% of all fractures and have decreased, probably as a result of the safety belt law of 1975 and better traffic security reforms. However, the severe Le Fort III fractures, combined with unconciousness and neurological injuries, are mainly the result of on traffic accidents. Falls accounted to 23% of the fractures, mostly localized to the mandible (81%).

Accidents↗