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Biomedical subjects

A Notghi

Publications and source records attributed to A Notghi.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

A comparison of cyclosporin versus azathioprine treatment in renal transplants in Edinburgh.

Three year graft survival rates were calculated for 66 patients on cyclosporin and prednisolone immuno-suppression and compared to survival rates for 73 patients on azathioprine and prednisolone. There was a temporary early advantage for the cyclosporin treatment group up to four months post transplant. There was no further significant difference between the two treatment groups with graft survival rate of 81.4% in cyclosporin and 76.7% in azathioprine group at three years post transplant. Fewer of the patients on cyclosporin had acute episodes of rejection. There was no significant difference in serum creatinine or urea at one year, but the haemoglobin level was higher in cyclosporin treated patients. Cyclosporin does not appear to have increased the survival rate significantly in our centre where there is already a high graft survival with azathioprine.

Azathioprine↗
PubMed1989

Cerebral vascular transit time in Alzheimer's disease and Korsakoff's psychosis and its relation to cognitive function.

The cerebral vascular transit time of 17 patients with pre-senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (ATD), nine abstinent patients with alcoholic Korsakoff's psychosis (KOR), and ten age-matched controls was determined by the bolus intravenous injection of pertechnetate. A gamma camera was used to estimate the median transit time (MTT) of the radioactive bolus in a planar (non-tomographic) projection normal to the vertex. The spread of the bolus arriving at the aortic arch was measured independently by a single external detector over the chest, and correction made for the transit time of this input function in calculating the net MTT for the head. Both ATD and KOR groups showed lengthened net MTTs, compatible with reduced cerebral blood flow, and which were correlated with reduced cognitive function. It is concluded that the method employed gives a simple, inexpensive estimate of function-related blood flow to the brain in pre-senile dementia.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

131-I radioiodine therapy for hyperthyroidism in patients with Graves' disease, uninodular goitre and multinodular goitre.

We studied 201 consecutive patients who received a relatively fixed dose of radioiodine for the treatment of hyperthyroidism between the years 1981-6. Patients with Graves' disease (170) were initially treated with a mean (SE) dose of 369 (10) MBq 131-I with a remission rate of 94% at 6 months and a cumulative relapse rate of 12% at one year and 21% at 5 years. The cumulative incidence of hypothyroidism was 26% at 3 months, 55% at 6 months, 61% at 1 year and 66% at 5 years. Patients with a uninodular goitre (10) were initially treated with a mean (SE) dose of 438 (85) MBq 131-I with a remission rate of 100% at 6 months, without relapse at 1 year but relapsing in 17% at 5 years. The cumulative incidence of hypothyroidism was 26% at 3 months, 30% at 6 months, 40% at 1 year and 40% at 5 years. Patients with a multinodular goitre (21) were initially treated with a mean (SE) dose of 613 (77) MBq 131-I with a remission rate of 79% at 6 months and a cumulative relapse rate of 26% at 1 year and 39% at 5 years. The cumulative incidence of hypothyroidism was 5% at 3 months, 14% at 6 months, 24% at 1 year and 24% at 5 years.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Effect of nifedipine and mefruside on renal reserve in hypertensive patients.

Changes in glomerular filtration rate and effective renal plasma flow following a protein meal were measured in seven patients with essential hypertension on no treatment and after 6 weeks' treatment with nifedipine and mefruside. Glomerular filtration rate and effective renal plasma flow increased significantly following a protein meal in patients on no treatment (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.05 respectively). The response to a protein meal was lost following antihypertensive treatment (P less than 0.5 and P less than 0.1 respectively). Although there was some increase in the fasting values of glomerular filtration rate and effective renal plasma flow this was less pronounced and more difficult to demonstrate when only fasting values were compared. We propose that the loss of response to a protein meal is due to recruitment of renal reserve function and that protein meal challenge is a sensitive test for detecting changes in renal function.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of nifedipine and mefruside on renal function and platelet function in hypertensive patients.

A study was carried out in 16 patients with moderately severe hypertension to investigate the effects of nifedipine, given alone or combined with a diuretic, on blood pressure and on renal and platelet function. After 4 weeks on placebo, patients were randomized to receive treatment for 6 weeks with either 20 mg, nifedipine twice daily or 25 mg mefruside once daily on a double-blind, double-dummy basis. All patients then received treatment for a further 6 weeks with a combination of the two drugs in the same dosage as before. The results of blood pressure measurements and laboratory investigations during the three phases of the study showed that significantly better blood pressure control was achieved with nifedipine alone than with mefruside alone. Mefruside had an additional hypotensive effect when added to nifedipine. There was no significant change in the renal blood flow or glomerular filtration rate, with a satisfactory control of blood pressure. There was also no detectable change in platelet aggregation with increasing concentrations of ADP and ristocetin. An adaptive mechanism could be responsible for the apparent lack of change compared with single dose studies.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1986

Significance of immediate diuresis in relation to transplant kidney survival rate.

Transplant kidney survival of recipients with immediate diuresis (n = 19) is compared with recipients who did not have a significant post-operative diuresis (n = 53). There is statistically no significant difference between patients without significant early diuresis (survival rate 71%) and patients with immediate diuresis (survival rate 68%, p greater than 0.1). The renal function was not different in the survivors of the two groups at 12 months post-transplant as measured by creatinine clearance (p greater than 0.35).

Creatinine↗
PubMed1986

Effect of a blood transfusion protocol and low dose steroid regime on renal transplant survival.

The effects of introduction of a low steroid regime and pre-transplant blood transfusion were evaluated. The kidney and patient survival rates for the period before such a policy was adopted were compared with the period after this policy. There has been a highly significant rise in patient survival rates to the present level of 95 per cent at three years. There was a similar rise in three year graft survival rates from less than 40 per cent to 66 per cent.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1986

A comparison of simplified and standard methods for the measurement of glomerular filtration rate and renal tubular function.

Two methods of measuring the clearance of 99Tcm DTPA, OIH and iothalamate were compared with standard techniques of measuring the clearance rates of inulin and sodium para-aminohippurate. The best correlation was between the clearance of subcutaneously injected radiolabelled iothalamate or 99Tcm DTPA and that of inulin. 99Tcm DTPA and 131I OIH clearances measured by a two blood sample technique did not give as good a correlation with inulin and PAH clearances respectively. When measurements of GFR and tubular function were repeated on the same patients the changes measured by inulin and PAH clearances did not correlate with those measured by the two blood sample technique using 99Tcm DTPA and OIH. Our results suggest that the clearance of subcutaneously injected iothalamate or DTPA can replace inulin clearance measurements. The two blood sample technique of measuring DTPA and OIH clearance does not directly reflect inulin and PAH clearance and is insufficiently reproducible to be used to follow changes in renal function.

Adult↗