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Biomedical subjects

A Nygren

Publications and source records attributed to A Nygren.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Forearm insulin uptake in healthy subjects after oral glucose and intravenous glipizide.

In six healthy subjects fasted overnight two different experiments were carried out on separate days and in random order: A. Oral glucose followed 60 min later by iv glipizide. B. Iv glipizide followed 60 min later by oral glucose. Each experiment was divided into two 60 min periods, and the fractionated insulin uptake by forearm tissue was calculated for each 60 min period. When the fractional insulin uptake values for these four 60 min periods were compared it was found that the uptake of insulin was significantly higher for the 60 min period that was obtained in response to glucose without glipizide pre-treatment, than it was for any of the other 60 min periods. Moreover, in some of the participants the venous insulin concentration occasionally exceeded the corresponding arterial insulin concentration after iv glipizide administration. These findings imply that glipizide may decrease insulin binding to peripheral insulin receptors in healthy individuals.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Disturbed alpha-adrenergic modulation of insulin and growth hormone secretion in chronic alcoholics.

The effect of alpha-adrenergic stimulation by IV adrenaline and propranolol infusion upon basal insulin and growth hormone secretion was studied in six chronic alcoholics during alcohol withdrawal, two alcoholics recently admitted to hospital with alcohol-induced hypoglycaemia and twelve healthy subjects. In all healthy subjects a decline in basal insulin (mean +/- SEM decremental area 166 +/- 19) and an increase in growth hormone (mean +/- SEM incremental area 527 +/- 164) was found. In the two alcoholics admitted to hospital with alcohol hypoglycaemia, no consistent change occurred in basal insulin and basal growth hormone concentrations during alpha-adrenergic stimulation. In the other alcoholics a decrease in basal insulin (mean +/- SEM decremental area 91 +/- 13.5) was found, but this decrease was significantly less (p less than 0.05) than in healthy subjects. Growth hormone did not change significantly in these alcoholics. It is concluded that disturbances in the alpha-adrenergic modulation of basal insulin and growth hormone secretions are common in alcoholics in a withdrawal state. The implication of this finding for the occurrence of alcohol-induced hypoglycaemic coma is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The accuracy of abdominal ECG for fetal electronic monitoring.

The aim of this study was to investigate the quality of the abdominal fetal electrocardiography (aFECG), and compare the short term and long term variability registered by this method with the direct fetal electrocardiography (dFECG). With three cardiotocographs the aFECG, the dFECG and the maternal ECG were registered simultaneously and stored on a magnetic tape. After analogue-digital conversion, the information was calculated in a computer system. The variability registered by aFECG and dFECG was compared allowing a difference of both one beat and two beats/min. From nine patients in early labour 30651 heart beats were registered by dFECG. By aFECg 27720 beats were registered. Within a window of +/- 10 ms 98.5% of all pulses registered by aFECG were found. The correlation coefficients for short term variability were 0.75 and 0.91. For long term variability the correlation coefficients were 0.94 and 0.98. To allow calculations of the short term variability the registration of the instantaneous fetal heart rate is necessary. In the antenatal period only indirect methods for electrocardiography are possible. The present report shows that with the abdominal electrocardiography the short term and long term variability can be judged. the quality of the registrations is good enough to allow computer calculations of the information.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMed1980

Influence of glipizide on hepatic and peripheral insulin exchange after glucose administration.

Hepatic insulin uptake was studied in five patients with portal catheters introduced through the umbilical vein remnant for diagnostic purposes. Glipizide (1,5 mg) was given intravenously followed one hour later by 20 g glucose intravenously and blood samples were drawn simultanously from the portal vein and a hepatic vein. The areas under the curves describing portal insulin and hepatic insulin were calculated. The ratio of (portal insulin area -- hepatic insulin area) /portal insulin area after glucose injection exceeded that after glipizide injection (p < 0.05). This finding indicates a greater fractional hepatic extraction of insulin after glucose than after glipizide. Healthy subjects were given 100 g glucose perorally and blood samples were drawn simultanously from a radial artery and an antecubital vein for one hour. In all cases a net insulin uptake was observed during the whole observation period. The subjects were restudied given 1.5 mg intravenously one hour before glucose administration. This time less insulin was taken up by the forearm tissues after the glucose load and in one subject insulin in venous blood samples exceeded that in corresponding arterial blood samples. It is concluded that glipizide when given before a glucose load affects the uptake of insulin by peripheral tissues during the glucose load.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Insulin in portal, hepatic and peripheral venous blood after glucose, tolbutamide and glipizide stimulation. Indication of insulin release from peripheral tissues.

Insulin in portal, hepatic and/or peripheral venous blood was determined in 16 patients admitted to a surgical ward for various diseases. Portal venous blood was obtained via a catheter introduced into the portal vein either through the umbilical vein remnant or transhepatically. Four subjects were given a peroral load of glucose, followed after 60 min by i.v. tolbutamide. In simultaneous blood samples, two of these subjects showed higher insulin concentrations in peripheral venous blood than in portal venous blood. Twelve subjects were given i.v. glipizide. In one subject blood samples were drawn from the portal vein, a hepatic vein and a peripheral vein and in six subjects from the portal vein and a hepatic vein. Two subjects showed higher insulin concentrations in peripheral venous blood than in portal venous blood. The mean peripheral insulin response (six subjects) was of the same magnitude as the mean hepatic insulin response (six subjects). It is suggested that these findings reflect a release of previously bound insulin from peripheral tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Does a disturbed insulin release promote hypoglycemia in alcoholics?

Peroral glucose tolerance tests, i.v. tolbutamide tests and postfasting alcohol tests were performed in three alcoholics, who had been admitted to hospital with hypoglycemic symptoms. In one one case the findings indicated extreme insulin sensitivity and in two cases there was evidence of a distrubed insulin release. These two factors might have a bearing on the occurrence of hypoglycemic symptoms in alcoholics.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Four cases of long-standing diarrhoea and colic pains cured by fructose-free diet--a pathogenetic discussion.

Four patients with a long history of abdominal swelling, colic pains and diarrhoea were cured by a fructose-free diet. They were all given an oral load of (14C) fructose and their expiratory excretion of 14CO2 was found to be significantly lower than that of control patients with similar symptoms. It is concluded taht the patients cured by a fructose-free diet might have a partial fructose malabsorption.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Forearm glucose uptake during glucose tolerance tests in chronic alcoholics.

In twelve chronic alcoholics the glucose uptake in a forearm segment was studied during glucose tolerance tests. The tests were performed twice in each case, on the 3rd and on the 10th to 14th days after admission to hospital in an intoxicated state after a period of excessive alcohol intake. The total forearm glucose uptake following an oral glucose load almost doubled from the first to the second examination. Arterial glucose and insulin concentrations were similar on the two occasions. The findings indicate that the disposal of an oral glucose load is altered during the recovery after a period of excessive alcohol intake. The contribution made by muscle tissue increases twofold while that of the liver decreases.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Immunoreactive insulin in portal and hepatic venous blood in patients with insuloma.

The insulin level has been determined simultaneously in portal and hepatic venous blood in four patients with insuloma before and after administration of glucose and tolbutamide. Three patients displayed a higher insulin level in hepatic than in portal blood, although no hepatic metastases could be detected by radiologic examination. In contrast, portal insulin concentrations always exceeded hepatic in four control patients investigated in a similar way. The implications of these results are discussed.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗