Biomedical subjects

A Nylander

Publications and source records attributed to A Nylander.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Effect of a school-based preventive program with salivary lactobacillus counts as sugar-motivating tool on caries increment in adolescents.

The caries preventive outcome of a school-based program with salivary; lactobacillus counts as sugar-motivating tool was evaluated in six cohorts of totally 936 adolescents in a comprehensive school in Sweden. Students from a neighboring district with similar socioeconomic structure but with no corresponding dental health-promoting activities were selected as reference. The program started in the beginning of the 7th grade (13 years) and was terminated at the end of the 9th grade (16 years). Salivary lactobacilli were evaluated semi-annually with a dip-slide method and used for individual counseling. Dental caries was scored from the dental records and bitewing radiographs of each 4th participant at baseline and at 16 and 19 years of age. The number of salivary lactobacilli decreased significantly (P< 0.05) in all cohorts but one during the program. There was no significant difference in the increment of caries (DFS) between the participants from the study and reference schools, either at the end of the program or at 19 years of age. The increment of proximal enamel caries was slightly lower in the study group compared with the reference group (P< 0.05) at the final registration. Considering the time and efforts spent, the results did not seem to justify a school-based intervention with lactobacillus counts as a sugar-motivating tool in an adolescent low-caries population.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Decreasing prevalence of salivary lactobacilli in Swedish schoolchildren 1987-1998.

The prevalence and number of salivary lactobacilli was determined in all schoolchildren starting the 7th grade (12-13 yr; n = 1,578) in comprehensive school located in Kumla, Sweden between 1987 and 1998. Whole saliva samples were collected and transferred to dip-slides (Dentocult-LB) and incubated in room temperature for 7 d. Caries data were collected from the dental records and from bitewing radiographs. Both the number of lactobacilli and the prevalence of manifest caries and restorations exhibited a decreasing tendency and were significantly lower in 1998 than in 1987. The mean caries prevalence (DFS) declined from 5.2 to 1.8. In 1987, 45% of the children harboured high or very high lactobacilli counts ( > or =10(5) CFU/ml) in their saliva compared to approximately 10-15% at the later examinations. The proportion of children with no detectable counts varied between 4-29% during the study period, while children with low counts (10(3)-10(4) CFU/ml saliva) constituted a clear majority at the recent samplings. With such low levels in the population, the use of lactobacilli counts as a didactic tool in dietary counselling must be called into question.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Comparison of topical and oral acyclovir in early herpes zoster ophthalmicus.

Poor systemic absorption has limited the efficacy of early oral acyclovir in herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO). Aqueous humour levels are substantially higher if the drug is administered topically to the eye. A multicentre open randomised study was performed to compare the ocular prophylactic effects of topical and oral acyclovir. Fifty-seven patients with HZO within 72 hours of the onset of rash received either topical acyclovir ointment or 800 mg oral acyclovir, both 5 times daily for 7 days, and were followed for 12 months. Patients receiving ointment were significantly more likely to have ocular complications (p < 0.02) and anterior uveitis was significantly more frequent (p < 0.01) and severe (p < 0.01). Corneal hypoaesthesia was significantly more frequently (p < 0.05) and severe (p < 0.02) at 1 month. From 2 weeks patients receiving ointment were more likely to have pain and at all times their pain was more severe, but these differences were not statistically significant. In spite of its apparently better penetration topical acyclovir appears to have no prophylactic value in the management of early HZO.

Acyclovir↗

PubMed1989

Warfarin and cataract extraction.

Ten cataract extractions were performed on eight patients for whom warfarin was not discontinued prior to surgery. Three were complicated by hyphaema. No retrobulbar haemorrhages occurred in the four cases given a local anaesthetic. Cataract surgery can be performed successfully without discontinuing warfarin.

Aged↗