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Biomedical subjects

A Oddoy

Publications and source records attributed to A Oddoy.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Lung mechanics and blood gases in pregnant guinea pigs.

Lung resistance and compliance were measured in early pregnant, late pregnant and non pregnant guinea pigs. Lung resistance was increased, lung compliance was decreased in pregnancy. A new finding was the increase of chest wall compliance in the course of pregnancy. In order to obtain a sufficient gas exchange during artificial ventilation, pregnant animals have to be ventilated with a higher frequency or a higher pressure than non pregnant controls.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1987

A new conventional and high-frequency ventilator for small animals.

A pressure limited, time controlled ventilator has been designed especially for studies on experimental animals with severe respiratory distress syndrome (SRDS). Inspiration: Expiration (I:E) ratio (1:99-99:1) and frequency can be changed independently. Frequency ranged from 1 to 199/min in conventional ventilation (CV), while in high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) from 1 to 30 Hz. The gas delivery system consists of 3 magnetic valves (inspiration, expiration and HFJV, respectively) to ensure superposition of CV with HFJ or to use them separately. A monitoring unit switches off inspiration gas sources during HFJV if intratracheal pressure exceeds the alarm threshold. The device has been used in the following animal models: premature newborn rabbits with surfactant deficient lungs, emphysematous rats and guinea pigs as well as dogs and rabbits with SRDS due to lung lavage. Ventilation was most effective with an I:E ratio of 4:1 during pressure controlled CV, whereas during HFJV optimum gas exchange could be maintained with an I:E ratio of 1:4 and a frequency of 15 Hz in beagle dogs and 10 Hz in rabbits, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Long-term effect of repeated short oxygen exposition on blood pressure development and erythrocyte sodium content in SHR and WKY.

Repeated short oxygen exposition (60 min weekly, beginning at the 1st week of age up to the 18th week of age) induced in male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) a diminished blood pressure rise. Oxygen exposed SHR had also lower heart rates than SHR without oxygen exposition. No significant differences were found in both these parameters in normotensive rats (WKY). Furthermore oxygen exposition decreased the erythrocyte sodium content of SHR.

Aging↗
PubMed1985

[Increased sensitivity of the bronchial system of hypertensive pregnant patients to beta-adrenergic stimulation].

Airway resistance at term pregnancy was evaluated by oscillation technique in 15 hypertensive and 15 normotensive late pregnant women, and in 10 non-pregnant women. The recordings were obtained before and 1, 3, 6 and 12 min after administration of 0.6 mg Fenoterol by dose aerosol. - The Fenoterol-induced decrease of airway resistance was twice as large in pregnant women with hypertension as in the other two groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Experimental study on the significance of arachidonic acid metabolism in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma with an in vivo model in the guinea pig].

In anaesthetized artificially ventilated guinea-pigs from two breeds were produced histamine-induced bronchoconstrictions after pretreatment with acetylsalicylic acid (ASS) and/or para-amino-methylbenzoic acid (PAMBA). It was detected a distinct but adverse action of ASS on the intensity of bronchoconstriction in both animal groups. PAMBA was without any effect alone but mostly inhibited ASS-action. Since PAMBA inhibits phospholipase-A2 and ASS inhibits cyclooxygenase--both key-enzymes of arachidonic acid metabolism--the findings are estimated as a hint to the role of arachidonic acid metabolism in our animal model of asthma.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1982

[Correlation of erythrocyte sodium concentration and the KG-value in variable peripheral insulin levels].

In pregnant women with physiological hyperinsulinism and in a control group with lower peripheral insulin concentrations after glucose load was investigated, whether differences in the peripheral insulin content involve different relations between the KG-value and the sodium concentration of the erythrocytes. Despite the differences in the peripheral insulin content during the intravenous glucose tolerance test negative correlations between the KG-value and the sodium concentration of the erythrocytes were found in the groups investigated. From this was concluded that these correlations are not based on changes of the peripheral insulin level, as they were established in the present examinations. A conception was presented issuing from the fact that the negative correlation between the KG-value and the sodium concentration is based on properties of the cell membrane which influence the intracellular sodium concentration as well as the effect of insulin in the cell.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[The effect of intermittent hydrogen chloride exposure on the lung function of the guinea pig].

23 guinea pigs were exposed to 15 mg/m3 HCl gas 5 days/week, 2 hours daily, for 7 weeks. 15 animals served as controls. From the 5th day of exposure, the following lung function parameters were evaluated in anaesthetised animals: VT, fR, minute volume, TGV, Vmax, R1, Rw, Rrs, Cl, Cw, Crs, delta Poes/VT, hemoglobin, SaO2, PaO2, PaCO2, pH, SBC, BE. These measurements showed no differences between HCl-exposed animals and controls. Histological examination of the lungs revealed no changes which could be attributed to HCl-exposure. This study relates to the important question whether lung damage can be induced by industrially produced, intermittent high levels of HCl in the environment.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Effects of fenoterol on blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiotocogram of hypertensive and normotensive women in advanced pregnancy (author's transl)].

Two doses of fenoterol (Partusisten), a beta-mimetic drug were administered by continuous intravenous infusion over 90 minutes to 20 women in advanced pregnancy, ten of them with hypertension and the other ten with normal blood pressure. Blood pressure and maternal heart rate were measured in two-minute intervals. Foetal heart rate, short term irregularity, accelerations, and foetal movements were recorded by external cardiotocography. Decrease in diastolic blood pressure in response to fenoterol in pregnant women with hypertension was more strongly pronounced than it was in normotensive women. Hence, mean pressure was reduced in the first group. while the rise in maternal heart rate was one and the same in either group. While foetal heart rates went up in both groups. the rise started earlier and with higher intensity in the normotensive group. Pregnant women with normal blood pressure also exhibited a trend to more foetal movements. Short term irregularity and area of accelerations and acceleration remained unchanged in both groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Respiratory resistance (Ros) and dynamic ventilation variables in pregnant women of different gestational age with healthy lungs].

Respiratory resistance was oscillometrically measured (Ros) in 413 pregnant women (between seventh and 41st weeks of pregnancy) with clinically intact lungs, 31 non-pregnant women, and 34 puerperae, all probands in seated position. Respiratory rate, tidal volume, and flow were also measured. The Tiffeneau test was applied to analyse FEV1, FEV, and peak flow as well as PO2 in arterialised capillary blood in about 50 per cent of the probands. Respiratory resistance was found to be increased in pregnant women and puerperae, with maximum values being recordable in the sixth and ninth months of gravidity. Ros-values recorded from smaller women were higher than those recorded from women with taller figures. No relationships were established between age, parity, Broca's index, arterial blood pressure, respiratory rate, tidal volume, struma, dyspena, and smoking habits, on the one hand, and Ros, on the other. Respiratory rate stayed almost constant throughout pregnancy, while considerable rise was recordable from tidal volume and, consequently, respiratory minute volume. Relative one-second capacity (FEV1/FEV; 0/0) and vital capacity did not change.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Complex airway resistance as a means of characterizing the strength of asthmatic reaction in the guinea pig].

45 guinea pigs sensitized to ovalbumin and 9 controls were challenged with antigenic aerosol. Before and during the challenge oesophageal pressure (Poes), airflow (V) and tidal volume (VT) were measured in anaesthetized (urethane) spontaneously breathing animals. Inspiratory and expiratory lung resistance (RI, RE) and dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn) were obtained according to the method of Neergard and Wirz. Total pulmonary resistance was calculated by different methods. 18 animals responded with a significant asthmatic reaction with an increase of expiratory resistance and a decrease of dynamic compliance. There exists a close hyperbolic relation between RE and Cdyn before and during the asthmatic reaction. The best parameter to characterize the strength of asthmatic response in the anaesthetized guinea pig is delta Poes/VT.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1981

[Airway-resistance in pregnancy measured by oscillation-technique (author's transl)].

Measurements of resistance were performed in 430 healthy pregnant women, 30 non-pregnant women and 33 puerperae by employing the oscillation-technique. The patients were studied in sitting and standing positions. It was found, that 2 maxima of resistance exist in pregnancy: the first in the 6th, the second in the 9th month. In the sitting position the resistance was higher than in the standing one.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1979

[Antepartal and intrapartal betamimetic long-time-therapy - effects on blood sugar in premature infants (author's transl)].

The glucose oxidase method was used to measure blood sugar concentrations of 61 newborns over their first 24 hours of life in an effort to study the effects of long-time antepartal and intrapartal application of betamimetics to the mothers upon the blood sugar levels of premature infants. Betamimetically affected premature infants, different from all expectation, exhibited a trend towards higher blood glucose values in the first hours from birth. However, no difference was any longer recordable between the treated group and the controls, after twelve hours had elapsed.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1978

[Mechanical characteristics of isotonic work and high-energy phosphates in frog ventricle after 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene].

The blocking of the creatinphosphokinase by 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (FDNB) allows to investigate the relationship between ATP-supply, contractility and relaxability of the frog's myocardium. In isotonically working isolated ventricles of frogs the time of work, systolic and diastolic volume, velocity of contraction and relaxation as well as the levels of CP, ATP, ADP and AMP were measured at different intervals until termination of each experiment. CP shows a small variation, ATP decreases to 60% and ADP + AMP increase for the same amount under FDNB during the development of a slight inhibition of contractility and a continuously growing inhibition and retardation of relaxation until systolic arrest. ATP content and volume of relaxation correlated strictly. The contracture and the diminished contractility are caused by the decrease of ATP, producing a lack of substrate for Ca transport and actin-myosin-ATPase. This models the course of events during an insufficiency like in angina pectoris and in myocardial infarction.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1978

[Relationship between social characteristics and behavior in pregnancy].

From 1973 to 1975 five hundred Berlin women have been questioned in puerperum. The authors seeked for possible differences in pregnancy behaviour during planned and unplanned gravidity. 40% of the women had an unplanned pregnancy. A higher fraction of unplanned pregnancies was found in young, unmarried women being under education, women without profession, plurigravids, and those who had never taken the anti baby pill.--In 5 of 8 parameters there were no differences in behaviour between planned and unplanned pregnancies (nourishment, use of drugs without doctor's order, coffee, alcohol, cohabitation near term).--In the group of planned pregnancy more mothers drank sufficient quantities of milk, read books about pregnancy and delivery, and smoked less. But the differences are small. Therefore the authors don't believe that fact of unplanned pregnancy is a considerable factor of risk for fetus and newborn.

Behavior↗
PubMed1976

[Effect of anoxia on energy supply and isotonic work performance in the myocardium of the frog].

To investigate correlations between energy supply and mechanical work in the frog's myocardium in true anoxia, the stroke volume, systolic and diastolic volumes and the parameters of velocity of contraction and relaxation of frog hearts were compared to the levels of high energy phosphates and the delivery of lactate. During perfusion with N2 saturated Ringer solution, stroke volume, systolic contractility and diastolic relaxation decrease till a contracture. High preload produces a dilatation growing up to the contracture after retarded and weakened relaxation. The ATP-content decreases during the first quarter of the experiment to 60%. CP decreases continuously to 15%, ADP and AMP remain constant. There is a production of lactate increasing considerably with the onset of contracture. The measured glycolysis is not sufficient for production of mechanical work. The effect of anoxia on the action potential and the reduction of the sequestration of Ca++ and of the break of actomyosin bridges following the decrease of ATP are considered as causing the series of the mechanical events.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗