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Biomedical subjects

A Ogino

Publications and source records attributed to A Ogino.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Environmental impacts of the Japanese beef-fattening system with different feeding lengths as evaluated by a life-cycle assessment method.

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the environmental impacts of a beef-fattening system using the life-cycle assessment (LCA) method and to investigate the effects of feeding length on the LCA results. The functional unit was defined as one animal, and the stages associated with the beef-fattening life cycle, such as feed (concentrate and rough-age) production, feed transport, animal management, animal body (i.e., biological activity of cattle), and the treatment of cattle wastes, were included in the system boundary. Our results suggest that enteric or gut CH4 emissions of cattle were the major source in the impact category of global warming (2,851 kg of CO2 equivalents), whereas NH3 emissions from cattle waste were the major source in the impact categories of acidification (35.1 kg of SO2 equivalents) and eutrophication (6.16 kg of PO4 equivalents). Feed production also contributed a great deal to all categories. A shorter feeding length resulted in lower environmental impacts in all the environmental impact categories examined in the current study, such as global warming and acidification, although there was a difference in effect of reducing environmental impacts among the categories.

Ammonia↗
PubMed2002

Effect of artificial carbon dioxide foot bathing on critical limb ischemia (Fontaine IV) in peripheral arterial disease patients.

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that artificial carbon dioxide (CO(2)) foot bathing improves subcutaneous microcirculation in peripheral arterial disease (PAD) patients. However, the effect for critical limb ischemia (CLI) with ulceration or gangrene (Fontaine stage IV) is not identified. The physiological effects of CO(2) bathing and the outcome of limb salvage in such patients were studied. METHODS: In 18 healthy volunteers (Study I), the dorsal pedis peripheral blood flow was measured by a laser Doppler flow-meter during CO(2) foot bathing (1000 ppm, 37 degrees C) for 10 min. A Holter electrocardiogram was also recording in the same period. Blood flow and cell volume significantly increased during bathing. Eighty-three CLI limbs (Fontaine IV) in 68 PAD patients (Study II) underwent artificial CO(2) foot bathing (for 10 minutes twice daily >2 months) were followed up >6 months. RESULTS: In Study I, analysis of heart rate variability showed that high frequency amplitude (HFA) considerably increased and the ratio of low frequency amplitude to HFA (LF/HF) noticeably decreased during bathing. In Study II, 69 limbs (83.1%) could be salvaged. Twenty-seven of 28 limbs (96.4%) which have ulcer and gangrene in only one toe, 13/16 limbs (81.2%) in multiple toes and 29/39 limbs (74.4%) in all toes and/or heel respectively were saved. CONCLUSIONS: The effect of CO(2) enriched water on the subcutaneous microcirculation might be brought about by peripheral vasodilation reflected by increased parasympathetic and decreased sympathetic activity, and the artificial CO(2) foot bathing is clinically effective on salvage of CLI (Fontaine stage IV) limbs.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Succession of microbial communities during a biostimulation process as evaluated by DGGE and clone library analyses.

AIMS: The objective of this study was to investigate the changes in the indigenous bacterial community structure for assessing the impact of biostimulation on spilled oil. METHODS AND RESULTS: Changes in the bacterial community structure were monitored by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and clone library methods based on 16S rRNA gene (rDNA) sequences. The results of DGGE, coupled with the use of the Shannon index and principal component analysis (PCA) and clone library analyses, were consistent. In the treated (fertilized) area, one operational taxonomic unit (OTU) became dominant during the fertilization period, and it was most closely related to Pseudomonas putida. CONCLUSIONS: The bacterial community structure in the treated area was markedly different from that in the control (non-fertilized) area during the fertilization period, but in the two areas it became similar at 14 weeks after the end of fertilization. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The results suggest that the bacterial community structure was disrupted by the biostimulation treatment, but that it recovered immediately after the end of fertilization.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1996

Supratentorial arachnoid cyst and associated subdural hematoma: neuroradiologic studies.

CT and MR images of 8 patients with supratentorial arachnoid cyst complicated by subdural hematoma were studied and compared with those of 8 patients who developed nontraumatic subdural hematoma without arachnoid cyst. Of the 8 patients with supratentorial arachnoid cyst, CT and MR disclosed temporal bulging and/or thinning of the temporal squama in all 6 patients with middle fossa arachnoid cysts, and the thinning of the calvaria was evident in another patient with a convexity cyst. Calvarial thinning at the site corresponding to interhemispheric arachnoid cyst was clearly depicted on coronal MR images. In contrast, none of the 8 young patients with nontraumatic subdural hematoma without arachnoid cyst had abnormal calvaria. Temporal bulging and thinning of the overlying calvaria were identified as diagnostic CT and MR features of arachnoid cyst with complicating intracystic and subdural hemorrhage. Radiologists should be aware of this association and should evaluate the bony structure carefully.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

MRI of intracranial meningeal malignant fibrous histiocytoma.

We describe the CT and MRI findings in a patient with primary intracranial meningeal malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH). CT delineated the anatomical relations and MRI aided in tissue characterisation. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the MRI findings in primary intracranial meningeal MFH.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Occurrence of numerical aberrations of chromosomes in metachronous liver metastases of colorectal cancers].

To investigate the change of numerical aberrations of chromosome 17 or 18 during progression of Colorectal carcinoma, we applied FISH, using chromosome specific probes, to 3 colorectal primary carcinomas and a total of 4 metachronous metastatic lesions in the liver. We also investigated the relationship between the DNA content of whole nucleus and the number of chromosome 17 by multiparametric analysis using autostage cytofluorometry. When compared with the results for primary lesions, in 4 metastatic lesions, the population of tetrasomy 17 cells increased in 2 lesions, and that of monosomy 18 cells increased in 1 lesion. The nuclear DNA contents histograms for disomy 17 and aneusomy 17 cells analyzed individually for 3 primary and 4 metastatic lesions, showed almost no appreciable difference of peak DNA values. These results indicate that the numerical aberrations of chromosome 17 and 18 accumulate during the progression of colorectal carcinomas, and that the subpopulation of aneusomy 17 consist mainly of those cells that involve the numerical aberrations in a few chromosomes.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1996

[Clonal analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma].

We investigated the cell clonality of 12 cases of female solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that were associated with hepatitis virus infection. The clonal origin of HCC could be assessed by the method based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of X-chromosome-linked androgen receptor gene (AR) and phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) gene, taking advantage of random inactivation of one of two X-chromosomes by methylation in females. We extracted DNA samples from both fresh and paraffin-embedded specimens of the same lesion as a source of DNA sample for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Consequently, it was possible to use methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes and PCR to study differential methylation patterns among alleles of these genes for both DNA samples. The RFLPs of AR gene and PGK gene were found in eight of 12 cases and five of 12 cases, respectively. There were two cases which had no RFLPs in either AR gene or PGK gene. All cases of HCC which had RFLP in either AR gene or PGK gene demonstrated monoclonal origin of the tumor regardless of their histologic patterns.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Stereotactic radiation therapy with linear accelerator: accuracy of alignment and portal film verification].

Stereotactic radiation therapy with a linear accelerator requires precise alignment of therapeutic radiation distribution to the target volume. To verify the accuracy of alignment, differences between the stereotactic coordinates of the center of the therapeutic radiation distribution determined from portal films and those of the target points determined from CT/MRI or CT/angiographic localization were calculated for 58 points. The average values and one standard deviation were--0.02 +/- 0.50mm, 0.37 +/- 0.39mm and 0.01 +/- 0.25mm in the x, y, and z directions, respectively. The average value of the total deviation was 0.73 +/- 0.07mm. Potential sources of misalignment were misaligned laser pointers, wide laser beam width, improperly zeroed target positioner scale, and motion of the patient couch. The accuracy of alignment should be verified prior to irradiation. Portal film verification is indispensable for strereotactic radiation therapy with a linear accelerator.

Cranial Irradiation↗
PubMed1993

A case of Rothmund-Thomson syndrome with reduced DNA repair capacity.

BACKGROUND: Rothmund-Thomson syndrome is an autosomal recessively inherited disease with multiple skin disorders, and little has been known about the cause of the clinical features. We cultured the cells from a patient with Rothmund-Thomson syndrome and examined the ultraviolet repair characteristics. OBSERVATIONS: A 5-year-old boy with Rothmund-Thomson syndrome is presented. He has had reticular pigmentation and hypopigmentation on his cheeks, upper aspect of the trunk, palms, and soles since 6 months of age. Cells originating from the patient had reduced unscheduled DNA synthesis, 37% of normal, after exposure to ultraviolet C (predominantly at 254 nm), and they were slightly more sensitive to ultraviolet C than were normal cells in cell ultraviolet survival. CONCLUSION: Such repair deficiency might account for the mild sun sensitivity in early childhood. Heterogeneity in the repair mechanism as well as in clinical features in this syndrome was suggested.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1992

[Concentration of 5-fluorouracil in the blood and tissues of gastric and colo-rectal cancer patients after oral administration of UFT].

UFT is given to the patients with digestive cancer from the time before operation to prevent intra- and post-operative cancer dissemination and metastases. UFT (400 mg/day in terms of tegafur) was given preoperatively for 1-6 days in 6 patients with gastric cancer and 13 with colorectal cancer. The interval between the last administration and the beginning of the operation was 3.9 +/- 1.5 hours (mean +/- SD). The concentrations of tegafur, 5-FU, and uracil in the blood collected at the time of tumor resection were 9.68, 0.017, and 0.08 microgram/ml, respectively. In the patients with gastric cancer 5-FU concentration was 5.5 times higher in the normal mucosa, 3.3 times in lymph nodes, and 10.7 times in the tumor tissues than in the blood. In colorectal cancer patients, also, the 5-FU concentration was 5.6, 8.3 and 20.8 times higher in the normal mucosa, lymph nodes, and the tumor tissue, respectively, than in the blood. The 5-FU concentration in gastric cancer and colorectal cancer tissues decreased with time after administration of UFT but remained above the effective concentration 1.5-7 hours after administration of 200 mg. The tissue concentrations of FT-207, uracil, and 5-FU were correlated with each other.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

[A study on the disc sensitivity test for cefodizime].

Susceptibilities of 289 strains of 34 bacterial species to cefodizime (CDZM) were determined using the 2-fold agar dilution method in parallel with the measurement of inhibition zone diameters in the single-disc method under the experimental conditions established by Kanazawa. The experiments demonstrated a significant correlation between MIC by the dilution method and diameter of inhibition zone in each of the conventional, overnight assay (about 16 hours incubation), thus the applicability of the single-disc assay for CDZM was established. Analysis of the data obtained using discs containing 30 micrograms of CDZM/disc revealed that the primary regression equation was in the form: D (Diameter, mm) = 32.3-13.5 log MIC (micrograms/ml) in the conventional assay for staphylococci, Enterococcus group and glucose-non-fermentative Gram-negative rods. For other bacteria, the primary regression equation was in the form: D (diameter, mm) = 24.1-8.4 log MIC (micrograms/ml) in the conventional assay. The range of variations in MICs estimated from diameters of inhibition zones in the disc test was then calculated in comparison with that in MIC determined by the 2-fold agar dilution test to estimate experimental errors which may be involved in the determination of MICs of CDZM using the single-disc assay.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1991

New hypocholesterolemic abietamide derivatives. II. Synthesis and hypocholesterolemic activity of N-phenyl-delta 8-dihydroabietamides.

A series of N-phenyl-delta 8-dihydroabietamide analogs were prepared and tested for hypocholesterolemic activity. The effects of substituents of the phenyl moiety on the activities were quantitatively analyzed by using various substituent parameters. The activities were enhanced by the electron-donating effect of ortho and para substitutents and the bulkiness of ortho substituents. A combination of 2,6-dimethylaniline with resin acids other than delta 8-dihydroabietic acid produced lower activities than N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-delta 8-dihydroabietamide, abietane-type carboxamides being somewhat stronger than pimarane-type carboxamides. The conversion of the carboxamide group to other groups resulted in more or less of a decrease in activity, giving evidence that the carboxamide group is important to hypocholesterolemic activity.

Amides↗
PubMed1991

[A study on the disc sensitivity test for cefpirome].

Susceptibilities of 232 strains of 40 bacterial groups to cefpirome (CPR) were determined by the 2-fold agar dilution method in parallel with the diameter of inhibition zones by the single-disc method under the experimental conditions established by Kanazawa. The experiments demonstrated a significant correlation between MIC by the dilution method and diameter of inhibition zone in each of the conventional assay of over-night (about 16 hours) incubation, the delayed assay (about 24 hours incubation), and the rapid assay (about 3-4 or 5-6 hours incubation), thus confirming the applicability of the single-disc assay for CPR. Analysis of the data obtained by using CPR disc containing 30 micrograms revealed the primary regression equation to be: D (diameter, mm) = 26.7-9.2 log MIC (micrograms/ml) in the conventional assay, D = 33.8-12.7 log MIC (micrograms/ml) in the delayed assay, D = 21.2-6.7 log MIC (micrograms/ml) in 5-6 hours rapid assay, and D = 14.8-4.1 log MIC (micrograms/ml) in 3-4 hours rapid assay. The range of variations in MICs estimated from the diameter of inhibition zone by the disc test was then calculated in comparison with that in MIC determined by the 2-fold agar dilution test, as a reference for the experimental errors which may be involved in the estimation of MIC of CPR by the single-disc assay.

Cephalosporins↗
PubMed1989

[A case of mucinous carcinoma of the skin].

We were consulted by an 81-year-old man who had been complaining of a slow-growing tumor on his abdomen for 20 years. Histologically, small islets of the tumor cells were floating in mucinous lake separated by fibrous septa, so we diagnosed this tumor as mucinous carcinoma of the skin (Mendoza). Electron-microscopically, nuclei of the tumor cells were slightly folded. There were a few secretory granules and many secretory vacuoles in cytoplasm, but no findings of decapitation secretion. Like some other authors' reports, our data suggest that this tumor has an eccrine gland origin. To our knowledge, this is the 12th case of mucinous carcinoma of the skin in the Japanese literature.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1984

Spontaneous regression of generalized molluscum contagiosum turning black.

In this report, the unusual case of an infant with extensive eruptive molluscum contagiosum (MC) scattered over the back and buttocks that became inflammatory with blackening and subsequently healed spontaneously over a short period of time is described. To our knowledge, the blackening of spontaneous regressing MC has not yet been described. The mechanism involved in the phenomenon of spontaneous resolution of the inflammatory MC with blackening is discussed.

Antibodies, Viral↗